Social Risk Assessment and Management for Major Construction Projects in China Based on Fuzzy Integrated Analysis

With the vigorous development of major engineering projects in China, the social risks associated with major construction projects not only challenge the success of projects but also threaten social harmony and stability. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to assess and manage social risks. This paper aims to identify and evaluate the social risk factors by conducting a survey and assess the overall risk level of major construction projects (MCPs) with fuzzy integrated approach. First, 35 social risk factors and related stakeholders were identified based on literature analysis and case study. Then, 18 critical social risk factors (CSRFs) were selected and classified into six groups (CSRGs) based on a questionnaire survey. Next, using fuzzy integrated method, the probability of occurrence (PO), magnitude of impact (MI), the integrated risk level (IRL) of each CSRF and CSRG, and the overall risk of MCPs were calculated. As a result, “unfair compensation for housing demolition and land requisition” was the most critical social risk factor, and “policy/legal risk” was the most critical social risk group. The overall risk of MCPs was between moderate and high. At last, a social risk synthetic management framework was established, which can provide reference for policymakers and project decision makers to effectively manage the social risks.

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THE CONCEPT OF RISK FACTORS FOR THE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION

Bulletin physiology and pathology of respiration ◽

10.12737/23260 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (62) ◽

pp. 101-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ксения Сабирова ◽

Kseniya Sabirova ◽

Наталья Шитер ◽

Natalya Shiter ◽

Дмитрий Жигаев ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Human Health ◽

Population Health ◽

Social Factors ◽

Social Risk ◽

Social Risk Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Social Risks ◽

Public Consciousness ◽

Poor Nutrition

А systematic view on the concept of risk types of human health is presented; the main directions of the analysis of the influence of social factors on individual and population health are described. A number of approaches to the classification of risk factors take into account the form of exposure, the risk from exposure to environmental factors and social risk factors and their influence on an individual. There are five areas of analysis of the influence of social factors on individual and population health: essential-oriented; structured; detail-oriented; empirically-oriented; specially-oriented. Groups of risk factors affecting health equally relevant to men and women were distinguished: the first group was made based on socio-economic factors (low level of education; uncomfortable household; poor nutrition depending on material welfare and social status of the population (67% of the population); the second group of factors was formed according to the lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, lack of prevention of the basic diseases (91% of the population); the third group included medical-biological factors (people older than 50, chronic diseases being a background of deteriorating health and the reason for new diseases development (52% of the population). The methods of management of social risks to human health which are the methods of influence on the person as an individual and on society and public consciousness in general are presented. Identification of risk factors for human health determines the direction of operation of health institutions in taking treatment, rehabilitation, preventive and anti-epidemic measures.

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Human visceral leishmaniasis: factors associated with deaths in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, Brazil from 2006 to 2013

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268818000109 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (5) ◽

pp. 565-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F. R. P. Bruhn ◽

M. H. F. Morais ◽

N. C. P. Bruhn ◽

D. L. Cardoso ◽

F. Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Skin Colour ◽

Social Risk ◽

Social Risk Factors ◽

Human Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

The Social ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Belo Horizonte

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of cases and the social determinants associated with death from human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and VL–HIV co-infection in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, between 2006 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and analysis of associations were performed using chi-square of the raised variables, such as sex, age, skin colour and schooling of cases of HVL. During the study period, there were 866 cases of HVL with 111 deaths in Belo Horizonte. Morbidity and lethality rates (LR) of HVL in Belo Horizonte remained high over almost all the years evaluated, with an average incidence rate of 4.18 cases/100 000 inhabitants and a LR of 11.16%. With respect to skin colour, it was found that people characterised as black or mulatto had higher morbidity, followed by white. Regarding schooling, LR was more prevalent among individuals with lower education. One of the social risk factors was co-infection with HIV, which was present in many cases of HVL. Furthermore, it was found that older age and the male sex were also risk factors for death from HVL in Belo Horizonte.

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A Case–Control Study of Social Risk Factors for Depression in American Patients

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674379704200310 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 307-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alec Roy

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Life Events ◽

Major Depressive Episode ◽

Social Risk ◽

Social Risk Factors ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

The Social ◽

Normal Controls ◽

Control Study

Objective To describe the social risk factors for depression and their interaction with recent life events in depressed American patients. Methods Forty patients with a major depressive episode were compared with 40 normal controls. Risk factors for depression were assessed, recent life events recorded, and their interaction examined. Results Significantly more depressed patients than controls had a poor marriage before the onset of depression and were unemployed. The depressed patients had also recently experienced significantly more life events. The only significant interaction was that employed depressed patients had experienced more recent life events than unemployed depressed patients. Conclusion In addition to recent life events, having a poor marriage and being unemployed may be social risk factors for depression in American patients.

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Towards the Development of an Intervention to Address Social Determinants of Non-Communicable Disease in Kerala, India: A Mixed Methods Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17228636 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (22) ◽

pp. 8636

Author(s):

Martin Webber ◽

Jacques Joubert ◽

Meredith Fendt-Newlin ◽

Saju Madavanakadu Devassy ◽

Lorane Scaria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Theory Of Change ◽

Social Risk ◽

Social Risk Factors ◽

Social Risks ◽

Holistic Understanding

In India, cardiovascular disease (CVD), with hypertension as its foremost risk factor, has the highest prevalence rate of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and a rising mortality. Previous research has found a clustering of behavioural and social risks pertaining to NCDs, though the latter are infrequently addressed in public health interventions in India. This paper reaches toward the development of a social intervention to address social determinants of NCD relating to hypertension and diabetes. We used Theory of Change (ToC) as a theoretical approach to programme design. Mixed methods were used, including qualitative interviews with community members (n = 20), Accredited Social Health Activists (n = 6) and health professionals (n = 8), and a stakeholder workshop (n = 5 participants). The recruitment of participants from one local area in Kerala enabled us to map service provision and gain a holistic understanding of how to utilise the existing workforce to target social risk factors. The findings suggest that social interventions need to focus on ensuring health behaviour information reaches all parts of the community, and that those with more social risk factors are identified and supported to engage with treatment. Further research is required to test the resulting intervention model.

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The Social Risk of High-Speed Rail Projects in China: A Bayesian Network Analysis

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12052087 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 2087 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yutong Xue ◽

Pengcheng Xiang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bayesian Network ◽

Case Studies ◽

Local Governments ◽

High Speed ◽

Project Planning ◽

Social Risk ◽

High Speed Rail ◽

Social Risks ◽

The Social

In China, high-speed rail projects have brought huge social and economic benefits to the affected regions after they are completed. However, the potential externalities of such projects cause competition for the station during the project planning phase, thus triggering social risks. This paper studies the mechanisms responsible for generating the social risk associated with such high-speed rail projects. Employing typical case studies, a social risk list for a given project is established. Based on the risk list, a Bayesian network model is developed and verified through case studies, expert interviews, and expert grading. Using the model’s functions of reverse inference and sensitivity analysis, the key risk factors, sensitive risk factors, and maximum causal chain are identified. Countermeasures are then proposed to mitigate the social risk, such as increasing the transparency of and democratizing the planning process for high-speed rail projects, improving the mechanism by which local governments can express interest in such projects, and enhancing emergency management mechanisms. The findings provide points of reference for social risk management when it comes to planning high-speed rail projects and, more generally, offer significant guidance for socially sustainable decision-making processes for mega projects with massive externalities.

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A plausible model of schizophrenia must incorporate psychological and social, as well as neuro developmental, risk factors

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience ◽

10.31887/dcns.2001.3.4/ebramon ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 243-256

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Interpersonal Relations ◽

Social Risk ◽

Social Risk Factors ◽

At Risk Children ◽

Plausible Model ◽

The Social ◽

Response To Stress ◽

The Individual

Subtle alterations in brain development caused by genes or early environmental hazards, such as obstetric complications, play a role in projecting some individuals on a trajectory toward schizophrenia. High-risk and cohort studies demonstrate that children destined to develop schizophrenia tend to have delayed milestones and subtle neuromotor and cognitive impairments (particularly in coordination and language). These neurocognitive problems lead to difficulties in interpersonal relations, and their progressive alienation makes these at-risk children more likely to harbor odd or paranoid ideas. This cascade of increasingly deviant development may then be compounded by brain maturational changes during adolescence with a resultant lability of the dopaminergic response to stress. As a result, the individual is more susceptible to the effects of the abuse of dopamine-releasing drugs, and to other risk factors such as migration or stressful life events; social isolation may be a common pathway underlying several of the social risk factors.

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