scholarly journals A Fatal Case of Septic Shock Secondary to Acinetobacter Bacteremia Acquired from a Platelet Transfusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
C. Nevala-Plagemann ◽  
P. Powers ◽  
M. Mir-Kasimov ◽  
R. Rose
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Platelet Transfusion ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Laboratory Abnormality ◽  
Transfusion Reactions

Background. Transfusion of blood products is a frequent and often necessary lifesaving intervention. While changes to blood bank practices over the past several decades have reduced the infectious complications associated with transfusions, risks still exist. Septic transfusion reactions caused by bacterial contamination of blood products, especially platelets, still occur relatively frequently. Unfortunately, clinical recognition of septic transfusion reactions is difficult due to significant symptom, exam, and laboratory abnormality overlap between different types of transfusion reactions, as well as other conditions. Novel methods have been developed to detect blood product contamination but have yet to be widely implemented in the United States. Case Report. A 67-year-old male with chronic thrombocytopenia was transfused with platelets prior to a planned procedure. Shortly afterwards, he developed fever and hypotension. He was transferred to the intensive care unit where he was treated with aggressive fluid resuscitation and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The patient went on to develop progressively worsening shock and profound disseminated intravascular coagulation. Blood cultures from the patient and the transfused platelets grew an Acinetobacter species. Despite aggressive resuscitative efforts and appropriate antibiotics, the patient died approximately 48 hours following the transfusion reaction. Conclusion. We report a fatal case of septic shock associated with Acinetobacter bacteremia caused by platelet transfusion. Our review of the literature revealed only one other documented platelet transfusion associated fatality caused by Acinetobacter species. Novel pathogen reduction and contamination detection methods have been developed but have yet to be widely adopted in the United States.

Septic shock and systemic inflammatory response syndrome patients' CD15+ granulocytes were subjected to global transcriptional profiling (SIRS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marni Mack ◽  
Argo Easston
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
United States ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Transcriptional Alterations ◽  
Level I

In the United States, sepsis, the body's response to infection in a typically sterile circulation, is a leading causeof death (1). To assess the primary transcriptional alterations associated with each illness state, I utilized amicroarray data set from a cohort of thirtyone individuals with septic shock or systemic inflammatory responsesyndrome (2). At the transcriptional level, I discovered that the granulocytes of patients with SIRS weresimilar to those of patients with septic shock. SIRS showed a “intermediate” gene expression state betweenthat of control patients and that of septic shock patients for numerous genes expressed in the granulocyte. Thediscovery of the most differentially expressed genes in the granulocytic immune cells of patients with septicshock might aid the development of new therapies or diagnostics for an illness with a 14.7 percent to 29.9% inhospitaldeath rate despite decades of study (1).

scholarly journals Heartland virus: a novel and emerging tick-borne encephalitis

2016 ◽  
pp. 5099-5101
Author(s):  
Salim Mattar V. ◽  
Marco González T.
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis

Heartland virus (HRTV) is a Bunyaviridae, phlebovirus that it has recently emerged as the causative agent of human disease characterized by thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in the United States and China. It seems to be the HRTV has been also reported in China, Japan and Korea. Recently the first fatal case of HRTV disease in an 80-year-old Tennessee resident was reported (1)

scholarly journals Identification and Management of Sepsis in the Interventional Radiology Patient

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Murtha ◽  
Vinit Khanna ◽  
Talia Sasson ◽  
Devang Butani
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Inhospital Mortality ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Sepsis is frequently encountered in the hospital setting and can be community-acquired, health-care-associated, or hospital-acquired. The annual incidence of sepsis in the United States population ranges from 300 to 1031 per 100,000 and is increasing by 13% annually. There is an associated inhospital mortality of 10% for sepsis and >40% for septic shock. Interventional radiology is frequently called on to treat patients with sepsis, and in rarer circumstances, interventional radiologists themselves may cause sepsis. Thus, it is essential for interventional radiologists to be able to identify and manage septic patients to reduce sepsis-related morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this paper is to outline procedures most likely to cause sepsis and delineate important clinical aspects of identifying and managing septic patients.

scholarly journals A Fatal Case of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis from Recreational Waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Edward Hamaty ◽  
Saif Faiek ◽  
Minesh Nandi ◽  
David Stidd ◽  
Manish Trivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Amoebic Meningoencephalitis

Background. Naegleria Fowleri is a single-cell, thermophilic amphizoid amoeba, and a rare known causative agent for primary amoebic meningoencephalitis with >97% mortality rate. The amoeba resides in freshwater lakes and ponds but can also survive in inadequately chlorinated pools and recreational waters. The mode of infection includes activities such as diving or jumping into freshwater or submerging the head under the water. Although most commonly seen in the southern United States, it is essential to keep this clinical suspicion in mind regardless of geography, as presenting symptoms can be very similar to classic bacterial meningitis. Case Summary. We report the first-ever case in the state of New Jersey of a 29-year-old male presented after a visit to a recreational water park in Texas five days before his presentation with altered mental status. In ICU, his ICP remained refractory to multiple therapies, including antibiotics and antivirals, external ventriculostomy drain, hypertonic saline, pentobarbital-induced coma, and bilateral hemicraniectomies. The CSF analysis revealed trophozoites indicating a protozoan infection, which we diagnosed in the neurocritical unit, and the patient was then immediately started with treatment that included amphotericin B, rifampin, azithromycin, and fluconazole. This suspicion was promptly confirmed by the Center for Disease Control (CDC). Unfortunately, despite all the aggressive intervention by the multidisciplinary team, the patient did not survive. Conclusion. As per the CDC, only four people out of 143 known infected individuals in the United States from 1962 to 2017 have survived. Symptoms start with a median of 5 days after exposure to contaminated water. Given the rarity of this case and its very high mortality rate, it is crucial to diagnose primary amoebic meningoencephalitis accurately as its presentation can mimic bacterial meningitis. It is vital to obtain a careful and thorough history, as it can aid in prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Microbiological Safety of Dried Spices

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 409-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua B. Gurtler ◽  
Susanne E. Keller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Product Recalls ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks ◽  
Imported Food ◽  
Multiple Product ◽  
Pathogen Populations

Spices in the desiccated state provide an environment that allows the survival of many foodborne pathogens. Currently, the incidence of pathogen-positive spices imported into the United States is 1.9 times higher than for any other imported food. Correspondingly, imported spices have been associated with numerous foodborne outbreaks and multiple product recalls. Despite the association with recalls and outbreaks, the actual pathogen populations in spices, when found, are frequently extremely small. In addition to pathogenic bacterial species, toxigenic molds have been frequently recovered from spices, and aflatoxins have been found in as many as 58% of the spices sampled. The presence of toxigenic molds is especially problematic to the immunocompromised or those on immunosuppressive therapy and has been linked to gut aspergillosis. Numerous detection methods, including both traditional and advanced DNA regimes, are being tested to optimize recovery of pathogens from spices. Further, a number of new inactivation intervention methods to decontaminate spices are examined and discussed.

Hepatitis A Virus Transmission by Blood Products in the United States

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Mosley ◽  
Marek J. Nowicki ◽  
Carol K. Kasper ◽  
Elizabeth Donegan ◽  
Louis M. Aledort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
The United States ◽  
Blood Products

Analysis of Chloramphenicol and Two Metabolites in Crab and Shrimp Following Waterborne Exposure

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-683
Author(s):  
EDWARD L. E. JESTER ◽  
JARED I. LOADER ◽  
HAROLD A. FLORES QUINTANA ◽  
KATHLEEN R. EL SAID ◽  
RONALD A. BENNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Drug Molecule ◽  
Waterborne Exposure ◽  
Aquaculture Products ◽  
Current Detection

ABSTRACT The use of chloramphenicol (CAP) in aquaculture products is banned in many countries, including the United States, due to human health issues. Very few depletion and metabolism studies of CAP in seafood have been performed. Current detection methods for CAP residues in food are directed toward the parent drug molecule, but rapid elimination following treatment suggests the need for an alternative marker residue. We identified, characterized, and determined the persistence of two CAP metabolites, CAP-base (CAP-B) and CAP-alcohol (CAP-OH), in crab and shrimp. Interday recoveries of CAP, CAP-B, and CAP-OH in muscle fortified (n = 9) at levels of 0.15 to 0.60 ng/g ranged from 95 to 127% and 101 to 119% for crab and shrimp, respectively, with repeatability ranging from 4 to 19%. The limit of detection for CAP and metabolites in crab and shrimp ranged from 0.05 to 0.11 ng/g. We also monitored the depletion of CAP, CAP-B, and CAP-OH in crab following waterborne exposures. To our knowledge, we present the first CAP depletion and metabolite study following waterborne exposure in crabs, with the aim of identifying alternative marker residues.

A survey of clinicians addressing the approach to the management of severe sepsis and septic shock in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 658.e1-658.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetolik Djurkovic ◽  
Juan C. Baracaldo ◽  
Jose A. Guerra ◽  
Jennifer Sartorius ◽  
Marilyn T. Haupt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

scholarly journals Cutting to the Core of the Issue: Emerging Strategies To Reduce Prostate Biopsy-Related Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2431-2435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin R. Chamberland
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Core ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Transrectal Prostate Biopsy

Over 1 million men undergo biopsy in the United States each year to evaluate for prostate cancer (S. Loeb, H. B. Carter, S. I. Berndt, W. Ricker, and E. M. Schaeffer, J Urol 186:1830–1834, 2011,http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.06.057). In recent years, there has been a rise in infectious complications related to these procedures. This review aims to provide an overview of the guidelines that direct transrectal prostate biopsy, to describe associated infection, and to evaluate the published data driving the current trend toward prebiopsy screening for resistant organisms.

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