scholarly journals Comparison of Chromium and Iron Distribution in Serum and Urine among Healthy People and Prediabetes and Diabetes Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Wenjia Guo ◽  
Yanan Jia ◽  
Jiancheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Simvastatin Therapy ◽  
Plasma Spectrometer

The effect of chromium (Cr) and iron (Fe) on prevalence of diabetes has received great attention. This study investigated serum and urinary Cr and Fe levels among patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Northeast Chinese population. From January 2010 to October 2011, patients with IFG (n=12), IGT (n=15), T1D (n=25), T2D (n=137) and healthy controls (n=50) were enrolled in the First Hospital of Jilin University. Trace elements were detected using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. Serum Cr levels decreased in T2D without complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and diabetic nephropathy (DN) (P<0.05). The urinary Cr level in T1D was the highest of all, which significantly exceeded those of the T2D groups with and without complications. No significant differences of serum Fe levels were found among all groups. The urinary Fe level of T1D was significantly increased (P<0.05). The correlation between serum Cr and serum Fe in T2D was obviously positive (P<0.05). One month of simvastatin therapy exerted no effects on serum or urinary Cr and Fe levels. These results suggest the potential role of Cr and Fe in diabetes should receive attention.

scholarly journals Urinary Vitamin-D Binding Protein as an Early Predictor of Diabetic Nephropathyin Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Madha Mohammed Sheet Saleh ◽  
Isam Noori Salman AL-Karawi ◽  
Haael Subhi Abbas Alkhafajy
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
New Biomarkers

    Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common microvascular complication that may lead to chronic renal failure in diabetic patients. Till now microalbuminuria, with its restrictions, is the early marker of DN, appeared after the disease exacerbation. Thus, new biomarkers are required to predict the early onset of DN before the appearance of microalbuminuria. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible use of uVDBP in the early prediction of DN. Fifty diabetic patients with DN and 40 diabetic patients without DN for both types of diabetes were enrolled in this study. All patients were tested for uACR, uVDBP (measured by ELISA), and blood HbA1c. The results demonstrated a highly significant elevation of uACR, HbA1c and uVDBP in diabetic patients with DN compared to those without DN. uVDBP exhibited a strong positive correlation with HbA1c and uACR in DN patients. ROC curve analysis showed a greater AUC (0.93), and cutoff value was >152 ng/ml with 94% sensitivity and 82% specificity for early detection of DN. These findings suggesting the sensitive and potential role of uVDBP in the early prediction and diagnosis of DN in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

A Microscale Analysis of Hydrothermal Epidote: Implications for the Use of Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Mineral Chemistry in Complex Alteration Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha D. Ahmed ◽  
Louise Fisher ◽  
Mark Pearce ◽  
Angela Escolme ◽  
David R. Cooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Chemistry ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Abstract High-resolution, quantitative imaging of epidote from the Ann Mason fault block, Yerington district, Nevada, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has revealed at least two types of epidote (type 1 and type 2), each with different major and trace element chemistry. Type 1 epidote is coarser grained, typically greater than 50 μm in diameter, and forms euhedral crystals that display twins and sector zones enriched in Fe, Sr, and Mn. Type 2 epidote is finer grained, typically less than 30 μm in diameter, irregularly zoned with respect to Fe and Al, and forms polycrystalline aggregates that include void space. Two sources of intragranular compositional variability are defined in this study—one related to different generations of epidote only visible on the microscale, and the other related to crystallographic features such as sector zones and twins. Intragranular compositional variations within Yerington epidotes highlight the potential importance of detailed sample characterization in complex alteration environments prior to undertaking mineral chemistry studies in the context of resource exploration. Based on statistical analysis of LA-ICP-MS spot data from one sample, the optimal number of spot analyses to adequately represent the range in element concentrations within zoned or twinned crystals is determined to be at least 40.

scholarly journals Urocortins in the mammalian endocrine system

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Squillacioti ◽  
Alessandra Pelagalli ◽  
Giovanna Liguori ◽  
Nicola Mirabella
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Main Role ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract Urocortins (Ucns), peptides belonging to the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family, are classified into Ucn1, Ucn2, and Ucn3. They are involved in regulating several body functions by binding to two G protein-coupled receptors: receptor type 1 (CRHR1) and type 2 (CRHR2). In this review, we provide a historical overview of research on Ucns and their receptors in the mammalian endocrine system. Although the literature on the topic is limited, we focused our attention particularly on the main role of Ucns and their receptors in regulating the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal and thyroid axes, reproductive organs, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and other tissues characterized by “diffuse” endocrine cells in mammals. The prominent function of these peptides in health conditions led us to also hypothesize an action of Ucn agonists/antagonists in stress and in various diseases with its critical consequences on behavior and physiology. The potential role of the urocortinergic system is an intriguing topic that deserves further in-depth investigations to develop novel strategies for preventing stress-related conditions and treating endocrine diseases.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota influence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Cunningham ◽  
J. W. Stephens ◽  
D. A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Altered Glucose

AbstractA strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota, and is clearly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Understanding the causal association between gut microbiota and metabolic risk has the potential role of identifying susceptible individuals to allow early targeted intervention.

scholarly journals Role of Oral Antioxidant Supplementation in the Current Management of Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4020
Author(s):  
Enrique Antonio Alfonso-Muñoz ◽  
Raquel Burggraaf-Sánchez de las Matas ◽  
Jorge Mataix Boronat ◽  
Julio César Molina Martín ◽  
Carmen Desco
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Macular Oedema ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Adult Type ◽  
Aged People

Oxidative stress has been postulated as an underlying pathophysiologic mechanism of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the main cause of avoidable blindness in working-aged people. This review addressed the current daily clinical practice of DR and the role of antioxidants in this practice. A systematic review of the studies on antioxidant supplementation in DR patients was presented. Fifteen studies accomplished the inclusion criteria. The analysis of these studies concluded that antioxidant supplementation has a IIB level of recommendation in adult Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects without retinopathy or mild-to-moderate nonproliferative DR without diabetic macular oedema as a complementary therapy together with standard medical care.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Neurofibromatosis Type 2

2021 ◽  
pp. 204589402110295
Author(s):  
Hirohisa Taniguchi ◽  
Tomoya Takashima ◽  
Ly Tu ◽  
Raphaël Thuillet ◽  
Asuka Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
First Time

Although precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare but severe complication of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), its association with NF2 remains unknown. Herein, we report a case of a 44-year-old woman who was initially diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and treated with PAH-specific combination therapy. However, a careful assessment for a relevant family history of the disease and genetic testing reveal that this patient had a mutation in the NF2 gene. Using immunofluorescence and Western blotting, we demonstrated a decrease in endothelial NF2 protein in lungs from IPAH patients compared to control lungs, suggesting a potential role of NF2 in PAH development. To our knowledge, this is the first time that precapillary PH has been described in a patient with NF2. The altered endothelial NF2 expression pattern in PAH lungs should stimulate work to better understand how NF2 is contributing to the pulmonary vascular remodeling associated to these severe life-threatening conditions.

scholarly journals Authentication and Traceability Study on Barbera d’Asti and Nizza DOCG Wines: The Role of Trace- and Ultra-Trace Elements

Beverages ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maurizio Aceto ◽  
Federica Gulino ◽  
Elisa Calà ◽  
Elisa Robotti ◽  
Maurizio Petrozziello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Multivariate Data Analysis ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Ultra Trace

Barbera d’Asti—including Barbera d’Asti superiore—and Nizza are two DOCG (Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita) wines produced in Piemonte (Italy) from the Barbera grape variety. Differences among them arise in the production specifications in terms of purity, ageing, and zone of production, in particular with concern to Nizza, which follows the most stringent rules, sells at three times the average price, and is considered to have the highest market value. To guarantee producers and consumers, authentication methods must be developed in order to distinguish among the different wines. As the production zones totally overlap, it is important to verify whether the distinction is possible or not according to metals content, or whether chemical markers more linked to winemaking are needed. In this work, Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) elemental analysis and multivariate data analysis are used to study the authentication and traceability of samples from the three designations of 2015 vintage. The results show that, as far as elemental distribution in wine is concerned, work in the cellar, rather than geographic provenance, is crucial for the possibility of distinction.

scholarly journals Depression and risk of type 2 diabetes: the potential role of metabolic factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1726-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Schmitz ◽  
S S Deschênes ◽  
R J Burns ◽  
K J Smith ◽  
A Lesage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Metabolic Factors
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