scholarly journals Green Start-Ups’ Attitudes towards Nature When Complying with the Corporate Law

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Robina-Ramírez ◽  
Antonio Fernández-Portillo ◽  
Juan Carlos Díaz-Casero
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Power ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Corporate Compliance ◽  
Environmental Decisions ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Path Modelling ◽  
Start Ups

This paper examines how Spanish green start-ups develop improved attitudes towards nature. Despite the prevalence of theories based on green entrepreneurs, very little research has been conducted on how green attributes influence nature in the framework of the new Spanish Criminal Code in what concerns corporate compliance. One hundred and fifty-two start-ups were interviewed in 2018. Smart PLS Path Modelling has been used to build an interaction model among variables. The results obtained have a significant theoretical and practical implication since they add new findings to the current literature on how start-ups incorporate the recent Criminal Code in their environmental decisions. The model reveals a strong predictive power (R-squared = 77.9%). There are grounds to say that start-ups should implement effective monitoring systems and new organisational standards, in addition to developing surveillance measures to avoid unexpected sanctions.

scholarly journals Environmental Firms’ Better Attitude towards Nature in the Context of Corporate Compliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ramírez ◽  
Pedro Palos-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Corporate Compliance ◽  
Corporate Governance Code ◽  
Path Modelling ◽  
Code Reform

The recent publishing of the Criminal Code Reform, known as the Corporate Governance Code and by which companies are prosecuted for the crimes they have committed, is contributing towards improving the management of companies involved in using natural resources. This study explores the disposition of environmental companies towards respect for nature in the context of the new Spanish Criminal Code 1/2015. Over 916 companies, including 104 environmental companies, have been asked about their knowledge of the code and the consequences it has for them through a survey. The paper explores the influence of regulatory compliance, coercive enforcement and cooperative actions on environmental companies to develop better attitudes towards nature. Partial Least Squares (PLS) Path Modelling was used to build an interaction model among variables. The results of the research reveal how environmental companies are more inclined to developing organizational standards (Cooperative Environmental Protocols) and to improving compliance with environmental law (coercive regulation). The model has a moderate predictive effect, explaining 54.1% of environmental companies’ Better Attitude towards Nature. The findings may have important implications for environmental authorities when deterring environmental crimes.

scholarly journals Shadow of Your Former Self: Exploring Project Leaders’ Post-Failure Behaviors (Resilience, Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy) in High-Tech Startup Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12868
Author(s):  
Umer Zaman ◽  
Laura Florez-Perez ◽  
Pablo Farías ◽  
Saba Abbasi ◽  
Muddasar Ghani Khwaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Project Failures ◽  
Failure Conditions ◽  
Ict Industry ◽  
Start Ups

Globally, demands for sustainable strategies in the ICT industry have attracted greater momentum as high-tech projects continue to fail in large numbers. Recent studies have underpinned project resilience as a major factor for overcoming these increasing project failures, delays, or termination. However, the complex behaviors of resilient project leaders, especially in post-failure conditions, have been largely overlooked. To address this critical research gap, the present study identifies the direct relationships between three potential behavioral traits of project leaders (i.e., resilience, self-esteem, and self-efficacy) and examines how they move forward beyond project failures. The present study also explored whether self-esteem mediates project leaders’ resilience and self-efficacy. Drawing on data from 232 project leaders in Pakistan’s high-tech start-ups, the new findings suggest that there are significant positive effects of project leaders’ resilience and self-esteem on their self-efficacy, and that project leaders’ resilience and self-efficacy is significantly mediated by their self-esteem. As the project resilience theory gains traction, the present study findings have pinpointed major steps for meeting project challenges ahead of time, allowing leaders and teams to learn from failures, and also for improving organisations’ ability to implement successful and sustainable high-tech projects especially in emerging economies.

scholarly journals LIABILITY OF LEGAL ENTITIES IN CORPORATE LAW: ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVES

2017 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Ольга Терновая ◽  
Olga Tyernovaya
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Commercial Code ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Entities

The article deals with the issues associated with the withdrawal from responsibility by founders of a legal entity. To solve this problem a legislator uses not only private but also public legal measures. The author explores the specific features of the emergence and perspectives of using the doctrine of lifting the corporate veil as an effective means of countering the abuse of law. The two main approaches to the application of the doctrine of lifting the corporate veil in foreign countries are investigated. If in Common law countries a compulsory condition for bringing a corporation member to responsibility is the fact of abuse of the right, in Civil law countries the major approach is the presumption of responsibility of the parent company for the obligations of the subsidiary. Based on the analysis of Russian jurisprudence and legislation the author concludes that the doctrine under consideration is not widespread in Russia which is why there is a need to improve Russian legislation on the liability of legal persons in corporate law. It is noted that there are issues which creditors face in the reorganization and bankruptcy of legal entities, as well as the liability of legal entities for violation of legislation that leads to forced reorganization. An interesting feature of French law is that the rules on criminal liability for corporate violations are contained not in the Criminal Code but in the Commercial Code. Comparative analysis of judicial practice, doctrines and various provisions of Russian and French legislations allows us to conclude that the discussion of the prospect of criminal liability of legal persons in Russian corporate law requires an integrated approach. It is proposed to conduct comparative studies of the experience of foreign countries in which criminal liability of legal entities for violations of corporate legislation has already been introduced. From this point of view, the French experience is particularly interesting.

From Stepping-Stones to Throwing Stones: Officers’ Liability for Corporate Compliance Failures after Cassimatis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0067205X2110165
Author(s):  
Pamela Hanrahan ◽  
Tim Bednall
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Corporate Compliance ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Foreseeable Risk

Australian corporate law allows for significant civil penalties to be imposed by a court on negligent corporate officers, including directors. For more than a decade, Australian Securities and Investments Commission used civil prosecutions for negligence exclusively in situations where an officer is alleged to have exposed their corporation to foreseeable risk of harm that would flow from a contravention by the corporation of a regulatory or disclosure obligation. This enforcement strategy—known as ‘stepping-stones’—has been strongly criticised, including by Rares J in his 2020 dissenting opinion in the Cassimatis appeal. This article explains how stepping-stones works as an enforcement strategy in the context of corporate compliance failures, explores the various criticisms of it, and argues for reform. It proposes a legislative alternative that rebalances individual officer liability, to reflect contemporary governance practices and encourage better management and oversight of non-financial risk in corporations.

scholarly journals HOW ATTITUDES, VISION AND ABILITY TO CAPTURE OPPORTUNITIES AFFECT STARTUPS’ BUSINESS CREATIVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-405
Author(s):  
Pedro Palos-Sanchez ◽  
José Ramón Saura ◽  
Antonio Grilo ◽  
Rafael Robina Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Preliminary Step ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Practical Implications

This article examines the main factors that affect creativity in startups and how these factors influence entrepreneurial initiative strategies. Fifty individuals from the Extremadura region, Spain, participated in an online questionnaire in 2018 and 2019. SmartPLS was used to create a model of the interactions between variables. The results obtained have important theoretical and practical implications as they add new findings to the current literature on the role played by different factors in the creativity processes used by startups. The model has a strong predictive power (R2 = 42.7%). This work describes internal factors such as the improvement in intellectual and attitudinal skills for identifying business opportunities as a preliminary step to taking creative business decisions, as well as shaping the future by coordinating potential efforts and actions.

What makes a tweet be retweeted? A Bayesian trigram analysis of tweet propagation during the 2015 Colombian political campaign

2019 ◽  
pp. 016555151988605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Casarin ◽  
Juan C Correa ◽  
Jorge E Camargo ◽  
Silvana Dakduk ◽  
Enrique ter Horst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Bayesian Method ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Inverse Regression ◽  
Political Campaign ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Political Outcomes

This article proposes the use of computationally efficient inverse regression Bayesian method for analysis of tweet propagation of political messages. Our example focuses on the Colombian case, though our method can be used in any election where social media messaging has a direct impact on political outcomes. We find strong evidence that politicians were able to identify the combination of sensitive words to enhance the probability of retweet of the message, which, in turn, had an impact on political outcomes. The contributions of our work entail: (a) an examination of a neglected unit of analysis (trigram) in a language less studied (i.e. Spanish), (b) based on an innovative Bayesian efficient approach and (c) exploiting the predictive power that retweets have on electoral results as an informational diffusion tool in social media. A practical implication of this new methodology is the possibility to adjust political messages as a means to increase voters engagement in political campaigns.

Further studies on the ultrastructure of the cochlea

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
Zhixian Wang ◽  
Pinjin Zhu ◽  
Jianhe Sun ◽  
Xuezheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Military Medicine ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Hearing Research ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Accurate Observation

Hearing research is important not only for clinical, professional and military medicine, but also for toxicology, gerontology and genetics. Ultrastructure of the cochlea attracts much attention of electron microscopists, (1―3) but the research lags far behind that of the other parts of the organnism. On the basis of careful microdissection, technical improvment and accurate observation, we have got some new findings which have not been reported in the literature.We collected four cochleas from human corpses. Temporal bones dissected 1 h after death and cochleas perfused with fixatives 4 h after death were good enough in terms of preservation of fine structures. SEM:The apical surface of OHCs (Outer hair cells) and DTs (Deiters cells) is narrower than that of IPs (Inner pillar cells). The mosaic configuration of the reticular membrane is not typical. The stereocilia of IHCs (Inner hair cells) are not uniform and some kinocilia could be seen on the OHCs in adults. The epithelial surface of RM (Reissner’s membrane) is not smooth and no mesh could be seen on the mesothelial surface of RM. TEM.

Insights into the biochemical and functional characterization of sortase E transpeptidase of Corynebacterium glutamicum

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3835-3847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyath Susmitha ◽  
Kesavan Madhavan Nampoothiri ◽  
Harsha Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Protein Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Sortase A ◽  
Peptide Cleavage ◽  
New Findings

Most Gram-positive bacteria contain a membrane-bound transpeptidase known as sortase which covalently incorporates the surface proteins on to the cell wall. The sortase-displayed protein structures are involved in cell attachment, nutrient uptake and aerial hyphae formation. Among the six classes of sortase (A–F), sortase A of S. aureus is the well-characterized housekeeping enzyme considered as an ideal drug target and a valuable biochemical reagent for protein engineering. Similar to SrtA, class E sortase in GC rich bacteria plays a housekeeping role which is not studied extensively. However, C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, an industrially important organism known for amino acid production, carries a single putative sortase (NCgl2838) gene but neither in vitro peptide cleavage activity nor biochemical characterizations have been investigated. Here, we identified that the gene is having a sortase activity and analyzed its structural similarity with Cd-SrtF. The purified enzyme showed a greater affinity toward LAXTG substrate with a calculated KM of 12 ± 1 µM, one of the highest affinities reported for this class of enzyme. Moreover, site-directed mutation studies were carried to ascertain the structure functional relationship of Cg-SrtE and all these are new findings which will enable us to perceive exciting protein engineering applications with this class of enzyme from a non-pathogenic microbe.

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