scholarly journals An Energy Efficiency Study of Web-Based Communication in Android Phones

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Ayala ◽  
Mercedes Amor ◽  
Lidia Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Asynchronous Communication ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mobile Web ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Web Developers

Currently, mobile devices are the most popular pervasive computing devices, and they are becoming the primary way for accessing Internet. Battery is a critical resource in such personal computing gadgets, network communications being one of the primary energy consuming activities in any mobile app. Indeed, as web-based communication is the most used explicitly or implicitly by mobile devices, HTTP-based traffic is the most power demanding one. So, mobile web developers should be aware of how much energy demands the different web-based communication alternatives. The goal of this paper is to measure and compare the energy consumption of three asynchronous HTTP-based methods in mobile devices in different browsers. Our experiments focus on three HTTP-based asynchronous communication models that allow a web server to push data to a client browser through a HTTP/1.1 interaction: Polling, Long Polling, and WebSockets. The resulted measurements are then analysed to get more accurate understanding of the impact of the selected method, and the mobile browser, in the energy consumption of the asynchronous HTTP-based communication. The utility of these experiments is to show developers what are the factors and settings that mostly influence the energy consumption when different web-based asynchronous communication methods are used, helping them to choose the most beneficial solution if possible. With this information, mobile web developers should be able to reduce the power consumption of the front-end of web applications for mobile devices, just selecting and configuring the best asynchronous method or mobile browser, improving the performance of HTTP-based communication in terms of energy demand.

The impact of technology on architecture in Iran with focus on saving in energy consumption

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh Kavoosi ◽  
Shahin Heidari ◽  
Hamed Mazaherian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Demand Prediction ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

Growth and development of technology caused enormous transformation and change in the world after Industrial Revolution. The contemporary human has prepared the platform for their realization in many activities that the humans were unable to do it in the past time and struck the dream of their realization in their mind so that today doing many of those activities have been apparently practical by human. This accelerating growth accompanied with consuming a lot of energy where with respect to restriction of the given existing resources, it created energy crises. On the other hand, along with growth in industry and requirement for manpower and immigration from village to city and basic architectural changes in houses, which have emerged due to change in social structure it has led to change in lifestyle and type and quantity of consuming energy in contemporary architecture. Inter alia, with increase in human’s capability, cooling and heating and acoustic and lighting technologies were also changed in architecture and using mechanical system was replaced by traditional systems. Application of modern systems, which resulted from growth of industry and development of technology and it unfortunately, caused further manipulation in nature and destruction of it by human in addition to improving capability and potential of human’s creativity. With respect to growth of population and further need for housing and tendency to the dependent heating and cooling systems to them in this article we may notice that the housing is assumed as the greatest consumer of energy to create balance among the exterior and interior spaces in line with creating welfare conditions for heating and cooling and lighting. The tables of energy demand prediction in Iran show that these costs and energy consumption will be dubbed with energy control smart management in architecture.

scholarly journals Towards Cross-site Scripting Vulnerability Detection in Mobile Web Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Isatou Hydara ◽  
Abu Bakar Md Sultan ◽  
Hazura Zulzalil ◽  
Novia Admodisastro
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Vulnerability Detection ◽  
Security Vulnerabilities ◽  
Mobile Web ◽  
The Past ◽  
Web Developers ◽  
Cross Site

Cross-site scripting vulnerabilities are among the top ten security vulnerabilities affecting web applications for the past decade and mobile version web applications more recently. They can cause serious problems for web users such as loss of personal information to web attackers, including financial and health information, denial of service attacks, and exposure to malware and viruses. Most of the proposed solutions focused only on the Desktop versions of web applications and overlooked the mobile versions. Increasing use of mobile phones to access web applications increases the threat of cross-site scripting attacks on mobile phones. This paper presents work in progress on detecting cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in mobile versions of web applications. It proposes an enhanced genetic algorithm-based approach that detects cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in mobile versions of web applications. This approach has been used in our previous work and successfully detected the said vulnerabilities in Desktop web applications. It has been enhanced and is currently being tested in mobile versions of web applications. Preliminary results have indicated success in the mobile versions of web applications also. This approach will enable web developers find cross-site scripting vulnerabilities in the mobile versions of their web applications before their release.  

scholarly journals The Impact of Individual Behavior on Household Energy Saving

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Gulshan Maqbool ◽  
Zulqarnain Haider
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Saving Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Energy-saving behaviors are defined as the daily and habitual practices of households that focus on specific reductions in energy use. The main objective of this research was to estimate the impact of the energy-saving behavior of individuals on energy demand and to estimate the impact of factors affections the adoption of energy-saving techniques. The study is based on primary data which is collected through questionnaires. The data were collected from rural and urban households in four tehsils of district Sargodha, Pakistan. The Ordinary Least Square technique was to describe the relationship between electricity consumption and different explanatory variables such as gender, age, region, family members, dwelling area, income, energy consumption awareness, external influencing factors, and household saving behavior. Job status is negative and significant, qualification variable in this study is insignificant, marital status is negatively associated with energy consumption and significant, size of a household has a significant effect on the model.  The monthly income of the household head has a positive and significant effect. Energy consumption awareness is significantly negative. External influencing factors are insignificant. Saving behavior in electronic appliances is significantly negative to energy consumption. Government should put efforts to aware the public about energy-saving measures through an awareness campaign using electronic media like mobile and email. Energy-saving appliances should be a sale at cheap prices. The household should have to change its habitual behavior.

scholarly journals The Effect of Scale, Technique, Composition and Trade Openness on Energy Demand: Fresh Evidence from Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahbaz ◽  
Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽  
Gazi Salah Uddin ◽  
Loganathan Nanthakumar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper utilizes an energy demand model to investigate the impact of trade openness on energy consumption by incorporating scale and technique, composition and urbanization effects in the case of Malaysia. The study covers the sample period of 1970-2011 using quarter frequency data. We applied the bounds testing approach in the presence of structural breaks to examine the long run relationship between the variables. The VECM Granger causality is used to detect the direction of causality between the variables. Our findings indicate that growth effect (scale and technique effect) has a positive (negative) impact on energy consumption whereas composition effect stimulates energy demand in Malaysia.. Energy consumption is positively influenced by both from openness and urbanization. This study opens new policy insights for policy making authorities to articulate a comprehensive energy and trade policy to sustain economic growth and improve the environmental quality of Malaysia.

scholarly journals The Use, Impact, and Unintended Consequences of Mobile Web-Enabled Devices in University Classrooms

10.28945/3464 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 025-046
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Mobile Web ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
University Classrooms ◽  
The Impact

The impact that mobile web-enabled devices have had on the lives and behavior of university students has been immense. Yet, many of the models used in the classrooms have remained unchanged. Although a traditional research approach of examining the literature, developing a methodology, and so on is followed, this paper’s main aim is to inform practitioners on observations and examples from courses which insist on and encourage mobiles in the classroom. The paper asked three research questions regarding the use, impact, and unintended consequences of mobile web-enabled devices in the classroom. Data was collected from observing and interacting with post graduate students and staff in two universities across two continents: Africa and Europe. The paper then focuses on observations and examples on the use, impact, and unintended consequences of mobile web-enabled devices in two classrooms. The findings are that all students used mobile web-enabled devices for a variety of reasons. The use of mobile devices did not negatively impact the class, rather students appeared to be more engaged and comfortable knowing they were allowed to openly access their mobile devices. The unintended consequences included the use of mobiles to translate text into home languages.

scholarly journals Impact of Green Roofs on Energy Demand for Cooling in Egyptian Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ragab ◽  
Ahmed Abdelrady
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reducing Energy

Energy consumption for cooling purposes has increased significantly in recent years, mainly due to population growth, urbanization, and climate change consequences. The situation can be mitigated by passive climate solutions to reduce energy consumption in buildings. This study investigated the effectiveness of the green roof concept in reducing energy demand for cooling in different climatic regions. The impact of several types of green roofing of varying thermal conductivity and soil depth on energy consumption for cooling school buildings in Egypt was examined. In a co-simulation approach, the efficiency of the proposed green roof types was evaluated using the Design-Builder software, and a cost analysis was performed for the best options. The results showed that the proposed green roof types saved between 31.61 and 39.74% of energy, on average. A green roof featuring a roof soil depth of 0.1 m and 0.9 W/m-K thermal conductivity exhibited higher efficiency in reducing energy than the other options tested. The decrease in air temperature due to green roofs in hot arid areas, which exceeded an average of 4 °C, was greater than that in other regions that were not as hot. In conclusion, green roofs were shown to be efficient in reducing energy consumption as compared with traditional roofs, especially in hot arid climates.

scholarly journals Green Roofs as Effective Tools for Improving the Indoor Comfort Levels of Buildings—An Application to a Case Study in Sicily

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cirrincione ◽  
Maria La Gennusa ◽  
Giorgia Peri ◽  
Gianfranco Rizzo ◽  
Gianluca Scaccianoce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Comfort Levels ◽  
Indoor Comfort ◽  
The Impact

In the line of pursuing better energy efficiency in human activities that would result in a more sustainable utilization of resources, the building sector plays a relevant role, being responsible for almost 40% of both energy consumption and the release of pollutant substances in the atmosphere. For this purpose, techniques aimed at improving the energy performances of buildings’ envelopes are of paramount importance. Among them, green roofs are becoming increasingly popular due to their capability of reducing the (electric) energy needs for (summer) climatization of buildings, hence also positively affecting the indoor comfort levels for the occupants. Clearly, reliable tools for the modelling of these envelope components are needed, requiring the availability of suitable field data. Starting with the results of a case study designed to estimate how the adoption of green roofs on a Sicilian building could positively affect its energy performance, this paper shows the impact of this technology on indoor comfort and energy consumption, as well as on the reduction of direct and indirect CO2 emissions related to the climatization of the building. Specifically, the ceiling surface temperatures of some rooms located underneath six different types of green roofs were monitored. Subsequently, the obtained data were used as input for one of the most widely used simulation models, i.e., EnergyPlus, to evaluate the indoor comfort levels and the achievable energy demand savings of the building involved. From these field analyses, green roofs were shown to contribute to the mitigation of the indoor air temperatures, thus producing an improvement of the comfort conditions, especially in summer conditions, despite some worsening during transition periods seeming to arise.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact of Different Variables on the Energy Demand in Office Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5347
Author(s):  
José Luis Fuentes-Bargues ◽  
José-Luis Vivancos ◽  
Pablo Ferrer-Gisbert ◽  
Miguel Ángel Gimeno-Guillem
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Energy Behaviour ◽  
Balance Energy ◽  
The Impact

The design of near zero energy offices is a priority, which involves looking to achieve designs which minimise energy consumption and balance energy requirements with an increase in the installation and consumption of renewable energy. In light of this, some authors have used computer software to achieve simulations of the energy behaviour of buildings. Other studies based on regulatory systems which classify and label energy use also generally make their assessments through the use of software. In Spain, there is an authorised procedure for certifying the energy performance of buildings, and software (LIDER-CALENER unified tool) which is used to demonstrate compliance of the performance of buildings both from the point of view of energy demand and energy consumption. The aim of this study is to analyse the energy behaviour of an office building and the variability of the same using the software in terms of the following variables: climate zone, building orientation and certain surrounding wall types and encasements typical of this type of construction.

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