Development and Cross-Validation of Anthropometric Predictive Equations to Estimate Total Body Fat Percentage in Adult Women in Sri Lanka

Attempts have been made to estimate body fat using anthropometry, and most of them are country-specific. This study was designed to develop and cross-validate anthropometric predictive equations to estimate the total body fat percentage (TBFP) of Sri Lankan adult women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Galle, Sri Lanka, with two groups: Group A (group for equation development) and Group B (cross-validation group) (n = 175 each) of randomly selected healthy adult women aged 30–60 years. TBFP (%) was quantified with total body DXA (TBFPDXA). Height (m), weight (kg), and skinfold thickness (SFT, mm) at six sites and circumferences (cm) at five sites were measured. In the first step, four anthropometric equations were developed based on the data obtained from multiple regression analyses (TBFPDXA = dependent variable and anthropometric measurements and age = independent variables) with Group A. They were developed on the basis of circumferences (TBFP1), SFTs (TBFP2), circumferences and SFTs (TBFP3), and highly significant circumferences and SFTs (r ≥ 0.6) (TBFP4). In the second step, the newly developed equations were cross-validated using Group B. Three equations (TBFP1, TBFP2, and TBFP4) showed the agreement with cross-validation criteria. There were no differences between TBFPDXA and TBFP estimated by these equations (p>0.05). They showed higher measurement concordance with TBFPDXA; correlation between measured TBFP with DXA and estimated with TBFP1, TBFP2, and TBFP4, respectively, was 0.80 (R2 = 0.65, SEE = 3.10), 0.83 (R2 = 0.69, SEE = 2.93), and 0.84 (R2 = 0.72, SEE = 2.78). Three anthropometric measurements based on predictive equations were developed and cross-validated to satisfactorily estimate the TBFP in adult women.

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Body mass index and waist circumference are better predictors of insulin resistance than total body fat percentage in middle-aged and elderly Taiwanese

Medicine ◽

10.1097/md.0000000000008126 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 96 (39) ◽

pp. e8126 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Yiu-Hua Cheng ◽

Yu-Chung Tsao ◽

I-Shiang Tzeng ◽

Hai-Hua Chuang ◽

Wen-Cheng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

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Assessment of Total Body Fat Percentage From Regional Spine and Femur DXA Measurements Among Chinese Women and Men

Journal of Clinical Densitometry ◽

10.1016/j.jocd.2006.11.003 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 55-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tian-Min Zhang ◽

Hao Xu ◽

Zhong-Man Yuan ◽

Jia-Xuan Chen ◽

Jian Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Chinese Women ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

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Soft Drink Consumption in Young Mexican Adults Is Associated with Higher Total Body Fat Percentage in Men but Not in Women

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9121760 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1760

Author(s):

Cesar Campos-Ramírez ◽

Víctor Ramírez-Amaya ◽

Liliana Olalde-Mendoza ◽

Jorge Palacios-Delgado ◽

Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Soft Drink ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

The Body ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Soft Drink Consumption ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

A high consumption of soft drinks (SDs) has been linked with the development of anthropometric and metabolic alterations. We evaluate the association between SD consumption and some anthropometric and metabolic variables. This study is an observational study, using a sample of 394 university students, of which 158 were men (40.1%) and 238 women (59.9%), between 18 and 30 years. An SD intake questionnaire provided the consumption of different SDs. The participants’ weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were collected. Metabolic biomarkers were analyzed. The average intake of caloric SDs (CSDs) was 1193.6 ± 1534.8 mL/week and 84.5 ± 115.02 mL/week for non-caloric SDs (NCSDs). Sex differences were found in the amount of SD consumption and these statistical differences were driven by those men subjects with a high total body fat percentage (TBF%). In men, correlations were found between the intake of CSDs and the body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, TBF%, and visceral fat percentage. In woman, a correlation was found with glucose and triglycerides. The prediction model revealed that the intake of CSDs predicts TBF% and low-density lipoprotein only in men. A high amount of CSD consumption in men was associated with a high TBF%, and this may be predictive of future development of metabolic abnormalities.

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Differences in Total Body Fat and Body Fat Percentage Between Performance and Aesthetic Collegiate Athletes

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000517584.58058.00 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (5S) ◽

pp. 266

Author(s):

Daniel C. Flegg ◽

Jessica A. Insogna ◽

Ryan E.R Reid ◽

Patrick Delisle-Houde ◽

Ross E. Andersen

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

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The Influence of Reducing Diets on Changes in Thyroid Parameters in Women Suffering from Obesity and Hashimoto’s Disease

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030862 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 862

Author(s):

Lucyna Ostrowska ◽

Dominika Gier ◽

Beata Zyśk

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Caloric Content ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Hashimoto’S Disease ◽

Group A ◽

Hashimoto's Disease ◽

Group B

Hashimoto’s disease is listed among the most common endocrine causes of obesity. As treatment of obesity in women with Hashimoto’s disease is frequently unsuccessful, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different reducing diets and their influence on changes in thyroid parameters in female patients. A six-month observational/interventional study was performed on 100 women aged 18–65 years, previously diagnosed with Hashimoto’s disease and obesity and receiving L-thyroxine. The women were randomly assigned to the test group (group A, n = 50) following elimination/reducing diets, and the control group (group B, n = 50) following reducing diets with the same caloric content (without elimination). Anthropometric and thyroid parameters were evaluated at the beginning, after 3 months and after 6 months of treatment. In both groups a significant decrease in BMI and body fat percentage was achieved, but in test group A the decrease in BMI and body fat percentage was significantly greater than in control group B (p < 0.002 and p = 0.026, respectively). Serum TSH (thyroid stimulating hormon) levels decreased significantly more in group A than in group B (p < 0.001). Group A exhibited significantly greater increases in fT4 and fT3 levels than the control group (p < 0.001) as well as significantly greater decreases in the levels anti-TPO (thyroid peroxidase) (p < 0.001) and anti-TG (thyreoglobulin) antibodies (p = 0.048). The application of reducing diets with product elimination was found to be a more beneficial tool for changing anthropometric and thyroid parameters in women suffering from obesity and Hashimoto’s disease than classic reducing diets with the same energy values and macronutrient content.

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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Increases Visceral Fat Deposition but Not Total Body Fat Percentage

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000486081.20890.33 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 356

Author(s):

Ryan Martin ◽

Gabrielle Giersch ◽

Courtney Stosnider ◽

Jacob D. Ridings ◽

Christopher J. Womack ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Body Fat ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

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Using a new socioepidemiological questionnaire to analyse associations between intergenerational upward social mobility and body fat distribution: a pilot study with the Oxford BioBank cohort

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2020-213930 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. jech-2020-213930

Author(s):

K Eli ◽

F Karpe ◽

S Ulijaszek

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Upward Mobility ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Occupational Class ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Android Fat ◽

Gynoid Fat ◽

Total Body

BackgroundAs measured through body mass index (BMI), obesity is more prevalent among upwardly mobile adults than among adults born into middle-class families. Although BMI reflects general adiposity, health risks are more strongly associated with abdominal adiposity. It is therefore important to investigate associations between upward mobility and fat distribution.MethodsA socioepidemiological questionnaire was developed, qualitatively validated and piloted with Oxford BioBank participants. Sex-specific analyses of variance (ANOVA) investigated associations between participant occupational class and adiposity, paternal occupational class and adiposity, and upward occupational mobility and adiposity. The main aim was to observe whether the expected directional effect of adiposity in relation to paternal occupational class would emerge.Results280 participants (166 women, 114 men; age 32–67 years) completed the questionnaire. Men with fathers of occupational class 2 or 3 had higher mean BMI, total body fat percentage, android fat mass and android-to-gynoid fat mass ratio than men with fathers of occupational class 1. Women with fathers of occupational class 2 or 3 had higher mean BMI, total body fat percentage, android fat mass and gynoid fat mass than women with fathers of occupational class 1. Among men, upward mobility was not associated with adiposity. Among women, upward mobility was associated with higher total body fat percentage, android fat mass and gynoid fat mass.ConclusionThe expected directional effect was found, thereby supporting the questionnaire’s use. Upward mobility did not appear to change associations between paternal occupational class and participant adiposity. Future research using the socioepidemiological questionnaire should investigate associations between gender, educational mobility, adiposity and health.

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Is interval training the magic bullet for fat loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing moderate-intensity continuous training with high-intensity interval training (HIIT)

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2018-099928 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 655-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Ricardo Borges Viana ◽

João Pedro Araújo Naves ◽

Victor Silveira Coswig ◽

Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira ◽

James Steele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Interval Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Continuous Training ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

ObjectivesTo compare the effects of interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training (MOD) on body adiposity in humans, and to perform subgroup analyses that consider the type and duration of interval training in different groups.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesEnglish-language, Spanish-language and Portuguese-language searches of the electronic databases PubMed and Scopus were conducted from inception to 11 December 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies that met the following criteria were included: (1) original articles, (2) human trials, (3) minimum exercise training duration of 4 weeks, and (4) directly or indirectly compared interval training with MOD as the primary or secondary aim.ResultsOf the 786 studies found, 41 and 36 were included in the qualitative analysis and meta-analysis, respectively. Within-group analyses showed significant reductions in total body fat percentage (%) (interval training: −1.50 [95% CI −2.14 to −0.86, p<0.00001] and MOD: −1.44 [95% CI −2.00 to −0.89, p<0.00001]) and in total absolute fat mass (kg) (interval training: −1.58 [95% CI −2.74 to −0.43, p=0.007] and MOD: −1.13 [95% CI −2.18 to −0.08, p=0.04]), with no significant differences between interval training and MOD for total body fat percentage reduction (−0.23 [95% CI −1.43 to 0.97], p=0.705). However, there was a significant difference between the groups in total absolute fat mass (kg) reduction (−2.28 [95% CI −4.00 to −0.56], p=0.0094). Subgroup analyses comparing sprint interval training (SIT) with MOD protocols favour SIT for loss of total absolute fat mass (kg) (−3.22 [95% CI −5.71 to −0.73], p=0.01). Supervised training, walking/running/jogging, age (<30 years), study quality and intervention duration (<12 weeks) favourably influence the decreases in total absolute fat mass (kg) observed from interval training programmes; however, no significant effect was found on total body fat percentage (%). No effect of sex or body mass index was observed on total absolute fat mass (kg) or total body fat percentage (%).ConclusionInterval training and MOD both reduce body fat percentage (%). Interval training provided 28.5% greater reductions in total absolute fat mass (kg) than MOD.Trial registration numberCRD42018089427.

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IMPACT OF BODY FAT AND OBESITY ON TISSUE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT (TDC) AS A METHOD TO ASSESS BREAST CANCER TREATMENT-RELATED LYMPHEDEMA (BCRL)

Lymphology ◽

10.2458/lymph.4621 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

H Mayrovitz

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Dielectric Constant ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Body Fat ◽

Breast Cancer Treatment ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

Total Body

Obesity is linked to the risk of breast cancer and treatment-related lymphedema (BCRL). Thus, knowledge of how obesity, or more specifically total body fat percentage (TBF) and body mass index (BMI), affect measurements that are used to detect or track lymphedema is clinically important. Tissue dielectric constant (TDC) is one measure used to help characterize lymphedema features, detect its presence, and assess treatment-related changes. The goal of this research was to determine the extent to which TDC values depend on TBF and BMI. TDC was measured on both forearms (2.5mm depth) in 250 women (18-72 years) along with TBF (impedance, 50KHz). TBF was 12.2%-54.4% (median=29.3%) and BMI was 14.7Kg/m2-44.3 Kg/m2 (median=22.6 Kg/m2). TDC values and interarm ratios were compared between subgroups that had TBF and BMI values in lower vs. upper quartiles. Subjects in the upper quartile had slightly lower TDC values (1.3 TDC units, p <0.01) that was at most a 5% differential. Contrastingly, TDC interarm ratios were not dependent on TBF or BMI levels. These findings suggest that when tracking lymphedema changes using the TDC method, treatment-related or temporal changes in a woman’s TBF or BMI are unlikely to significantly impact TDC values or their inter-arm ratios.

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