scholarly journals Computer Vision Syndrome among Undergraduate Medical Students in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ghufran A. Abudawood ◽  
Heba M. Ashi ◽  
Nawaf K. Almarzouki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
King Abdulaziz University

Introduction. Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is “a complex of eye and vision problems related to near work experienced during computer use.” It is one of the rising health concerns related to technology (cell phones and tablets) due to continuous use of computers among students. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CVS, associated risk factors, and commonly associated symptoms and to assess the awareness and proper practice of using computers for studying. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 651 undergraduate medical students in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. An electronic survey was conducted to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS v21. The chi-square test (Fisher’s exact test when required) was used to study the significance of associations. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. High prevalence of CVS was observed, in which 95% (558) reported at least one symptom during studying using computers. Most frequently reported symptoms were excessive tearing and neck, shoulder, or back pain. Female students had a higher risk of CVS (P=0.003). Students who are myopic or hyperopic showed no association. Astigmatism was associated significantly with CVS (P=0.03). Using spectacles or contact lens showed no association. Students with dry eye disease revealed a significant association with CVS (P=0.01). The most significant risk factors related to the daily usage of computer were longer duration of studying (P<0.001), short distance from the screen (P<0.05), and high brightness of the screen (P<0.05). The most significant preventive measure taken to relieve the symptoms was applying the 20-20-20 rule. Conclusion. CVS is common among medical students; significant risk factors need to be addressed to reduce the symptom and to ensure a better productivity of work. It is a necessity to raise awareness among medical students regarding computer-related health problems.

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) and its Associated Risk Factors among Undergraduate Medical Students in Midst of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khola Noreen ◽  
Kashif Ali ◽  
Kausar Aftab ◽  
Muhammad Umar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Computer Usage ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Graduate Medical ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Purpose:  To determine the frequency of computer vision syndrome and its associated risk factors among under graduate medical students. Study Design:  Descriptive Cross–sectional study. Place and Duration of Study:  Gujranwala Medical College and Rawalpindi Medical University, Pakistan from 5th August to 28th August, 2020. Methods:  A validated self-designed questionnaire was used for this study. The survey instrument was tailored from a published questionnaire which comprised of questions on demographics, frequency of symptoms of computer vision syndrome, pattern of computer usage and ergonomic practices. Results:  Final analysis was run on 326 under graduate medical students. Females were 228 (69%) and 98 (30%) were males. Age of the participants ranged between 17 to 25 years. Overall frequency of CVS was found to be 98.7%. Twenty nine percent students experienced extra ocular complaints and 71% had ocular symptoms. Symptoms of CVS were more commonly observed among those using desktop/laptop at less than forearm length (p = 0.001). Distance of < 12 inches from mobile phone was found to be associated with eye irritation and neck shoulder pain (p = 0.001). Frequency of break of more than 60 minutes was found to be significantly associated with eye irritation (p = 0.002) and excessive blinking and light sensitivity (p = 0.001). The students not using ergonomically comfortable chair were found to suffer more with  symptoms of CVS as compared to those using ergonomically designed chair (p = 0.049). Conclusion:  Health issues related to excessive use of digital devices has become alarmingly high during COVID-19 pandemic. Symptoms of CVS are significantly associated with distance from digital device and less frequent break intervals. Key Words:  COVID-19, Computer Vision Syndrome, Digital eye syndrome, ergonomics, visual display terminals.

scholarly journals Contextual Analysis of Stakeholder Opinion on Management and Leadership Competencies for Undergraduate Medical Education: Informing Course Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 238212052094886
Author(s):  
Nisreen Rajeh ◽  
Janet Grant ◽  
Jamila Farsi ◽  
Ara Tekian
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Course Design ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
King Abdulaziz University

Background: The study aimed to conduct a contextual analysis of interviews intended to assist with the future design of a feasible and relevant leadership and management course for undergraduate medical students at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Saudi Arabia, during 2019. An exploratory qualitative approach, utilizing systematic content analysis, was used. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews that were conducted with 10 leaders who were stakeholders at KAU, health service providers at KAU hospital, and stakeholders in the Ministry of Health. Results: This study revealed critical findings that highlighted the areas in which KAU could instill better and adequate leadership and management skills in their undergraduate medical students. Multiple core categories for a leadership and management curriculum emerged with many interrelated themes. Most participants mentioned that leadership can be taught and that early exposure is beneficial for developing skills. Additionally, they stated that leaders should have a vision and the ability to articulate that vision. Conclusions: Different implementation challenges were described in relation to the availability of human resources, the current short supply of suitable teachers, and program design. Teaching methods recommended included simulations, lectures, and a project-based approach. Assessment methods that were recommended included objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), formative and summative assessments, self-assessments, and portfolios.

scholarly journals Computer Vision Syndrome in Medical Students during a Period of Exclusive Online Lecture Classes in Durgapur, West Bengal - A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 1575-1579
Author(s):  
Shantanu Bhattacharjee ◽  
Ipshita Aparajita Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome

BACKGROUND Computer has become an indispensable tool in the modern system of education and training. Health hazard viz. computer vision syndrome (CVS) associated with overuse of computer has been widely studied by different authors. Few studies have underscored the high prevalence of this condition among medical students. Present study has been conducted to find the prevalence of CVS, associated risk factors and to understand the level of awareness about the condition among undergraduate medical students during a period of exclusive online computerbased lecture classes. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 310 respondents among undergraduate medical students at IQ City Medical College, Durgapur, West Bengal from June 2020 to September 2020. The students were surveyed with pretested and structured questionnaire for various CVS related symptoms and ergonomic principles adopted by them. Data was collected and analysed. Chisquare test was performed to assess the statistical significance. RESULTS Prevalence of CVS in the study was found to be 58.38 %. Majority of students affected were females (69.5 %). Those using the computer for 2 – 4 hours a day were affected the most (66.5 %). The ergonomic factors that were found to have strong association with CVS were viz. prolonged and continuous use of digital screen, viewing distance, level of the digital screen with respect to eyes and chair support to lower back. The most disturbing symptom following continuous computer use was found to be headache (18.38 %), followed by eye strain (13.87 %). CONCLUSIONS The present study was conducted at a period when computer dependency among the students was high. Though some of the earlier studies have reported much higher prevalence of CVS among students, the present study has revealed a prevalence of 58.38 %. This was possibly due to high level of awareness (78.06 %) among medical students as revealed by the study. The study has also showed statistical significance between various ergonomic factors and development of CVS. KEYWORDS Computer Vision Syndrome, Ergonomics, Undergraduate Medical Students, Awareness

scholarly journals Computer Vision Syndrome Prevalence and Ocular Sequelae among Medical Students: A University-Wide Study on a Marginalized Visual Security Issue

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-170
Author(s):  
Mohammed Iqbal ◽  
Hosam Elzembely ◽  
Ahmed Elmassry ◽  
Mervat Elgharieb ◽  
Ahmed Assaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ophthalmic Examination ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome

Introduction: This study aimed to discover and document the potential of visual and ocular sequelae of computer vision syndrome (CVS) among medical students. Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted on medical students (n=4030) of five universities in Egypt. All students completed a specially designed and validated CVS questionnaire survey (CVS-F3). Students with ≥5 CVS symptoms constituted a risk group (n=352), while students with 1-4 CVS symptoms constituted a low-symptoms group (n=3067). Students from the control and risk groups were examined using objective methods, such as visual acuity, subjective refraction, dry eye disease tests, and anterior segment and fundus examinations. Students who complained of visual blur underwent multifocal electroretinography mfERG examinations (mfERG group). Results: The CVS-F3 indicated that 84.8% of students had complaints that might be related to CVS, however, our ophthalmic examination group revealed only a 56% CVS prevalence rate. The most common single screen type used by 70.4% of students was the smartphone, and the most common complaint was headache (50.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CVS was significantly associated with increased screen-hours, including >2 screen-hours daily (odds ratio [OR], 2.48; P<0.0001), >2 screen-hours at night (OR, 1.79; P=0.003), and ≥3 screen-years (OR, 1.69; P=0.006). In the mfERG group, 37% demonstrated reduced amplitudes of mfERG rings and quadrants, indicating reduced foveal responses. Conclusion: CVS-questionnaires overestimate the true CVS prevalence and sequelae, which could be accurately detected by objective ophthalmic examination. Smartphones primarily caused CVS among students, with CVS severity increasing in correlation with shorter eye-to-screen distance and frequent use. Contact lens wearing doubled the risk of CVS development and augmented its severity. CVS might affect macular integrity with screen-induced foveal dysfunction. Clinical Trials Registration: PACTR201811618954630.

scholarly journals COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG UNDERGRADUATES IN A TERTIARY INSTITUTION IN NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nwankwo B ◽  
◽  
Mumueh KP ◽  
Olorukooba AA ◽  
Usman NO
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Computers and other visual display devices have become essential in the present era and have led to a rise in computer-related health problems. Using computers in homes, universities and other institutions has increased output greatly but has also led to an increased risk of developing Computer vision syndrome (CVS). Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with computer vision syndrome among undergraduates. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among153 respondents who were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. A pretested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data. A Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between CVS and associated risk factors at a P-value of <0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 22.4 ± 3.4 years. The prevalence of CVS in this study was 83 (54.3%). The common symptoms experienced among the respondents were headache (51, 61.4%), eye strain (48, 57.8%) and blurred vision (42, 50.6%). The risk factors significantly associated with CVS in this study were duration of computer use, hours of computer use per day, level of a computer screen and taking breaks during computer use. Conclusion: About half of the students in this study had at least one symptom of CVS. Therefore, awareness of CVS should be created by the institution during which students would be educated on CVS and its prevention.

Frequency and risk factors of internet addiction in medical students: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Amina Ehsan ◽  
Farwa Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Azeem Rao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Relationships ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of internet addiction and to determine the risk factors associated with internet addiction in medical students. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi from July 2018 to August 2019. Our study population included medical students from all the years of MBBS aged 18-25 years, who have been using the internet for the past two years or more. A Stratified random sampling technique was used. Seventy-six self-administered questionnaires were distributed in each year. Data was entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 25). Results: Out of the total sample of 380, the prevalence came out to be 90% (n=342). Two hundred and twenty-two 222 (58.4%) had mild, 115 (30.3%) had moderate, six (1.6%) had severe and 37 (9.7%) had no addiction. Out of the risk factors online friendships (p= 0.007), online relationships (P=0.035), online chatting (p= 0.009), online shopping (p= 0.009), online games (p=0.023) and online series/movies (p< 0.000) were statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of internet addiction is high among medical students, which is mostly of a mild type. Internet addiction is more common in males and non-hostel residents. Other significant risk factors are online relationships, online gaming, and online series/movies. Keywords: Prevalence, internet, medical students, risk factors. Continuous...

scholarly journals ETIOLOGY AND PREVALENCE OF MALOCCLUSION IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA - A CROSS SECTIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 912-917
Author(s):  
Zainbganayah Hasan Sulimani ◽  
◽  
Manal Abdulaziz Murad ◽  
Amal Mohammed Abushal ◽  
Ahmed Abdulkhaleq Banafea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Objective:We attempted toassess the prevalence of malocclusion, in terms of age and gender in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We also attempted to identify the predominant risk factors for malocclusion and consequences of the same. Methods:A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted. Patients were questioned on heredity, childhood adverse oral habits and feeding habits. Questions pertaining to dental history and current oral health were also asked. Recorded data was analysed using SPSS version 17. Results:Malocclusion was more prevalent in males and below 20 years of age. Tongue thrusting increased the risk of malocclusion by 59%, bottle feeding by 18%, while heredity increased malocclusion risk by 98%. Malocclusion increased the chances of developing dental caries or periodontal disease by 26%, while the risk of dental or facial trauma was increased by 86%. Conclusion: Heredity and tongue thrust habit are the most significant risk factors for malocclusion. Patients with malocclusion are at high risk of developing dental or facial trauma, and are at slight risk of developing caries or periodontal problems.

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