scholarly journals Research on the Complexity Mechanism of Decoy Strategies Based on Multiagent Simulation

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Bao ◽  
Qingfeng Meng ◽  
Pengqun Shen ◽  
Dimitri Volchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Target Product ◽  
Multiagent Simulation ◽  
Product Competition ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Speed Of Evolution ◽  
Decoy Effects ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
And Diffusion

Competition and diffusion of products are of great significance to companies. In this study, various true decoy strategies are constructed using different combinations of price and quality. This paper then analyzes the performance of strategies using different product competition and diffusion scenarios. The influences of neighbor nodes, reconnection probability, and herd mentality on decoy effects are explored. The results show that setting an appropriate true decoy can enhance the competitiveness of a target product to some extent. Conversely, an inappropriate decoy strategy will play a negative role, encroaching on market share. In terms of effects, changes in neighbor nodes, reconnection probability, and herd mentality will not influence the direction of the evolution of a product for the same true decoy strategies. However, the speed of evolution will be affected. These findings provide a theoretical basis for enterprises taking action to enhance product competitiveness in the market.

scholarly journals Theoretical basis for a method of distribution of market share changes in international trade

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chami Batista
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Chami's method for calculating how much of an exporter's market share change can be attributed to each competitor has regularly been applied in the literature, but it has not been related to any theory yet. Here, an attempt is made to examine the trade models that can provide the theoretical foundations for the method, clarifying the assumptions underlying its results. It is shown that the method is consistent with most of the main trade models found in the literature.

scholarly journals Shared Manufacturing in A Differentiated Duopoly with Capacity Constraints

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlong Chen ◽  
Chaoqun Sun ◽  
Jiali Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Cournot Competition ◽  
Capacity Constraints ◽  
Excess Capacity ◽  
Stackelberg Competition ◽  
Duopoly Model ◽  
Negative Role

Abstract This study sets up a differentiated duopoly model considering capacity constraints and shared manufacturing, investigates the equilibrium results, examines the effects of product differentiation and capacity constraints in three scenarios, and compares the equilibrium outcomes in three cases under Cournot and Stackelberg competition. We find that capacity constraints affect the relationships among product differentiation, equilibrium results, and the market share of enterprises. Shared manufacturing impacts the degree of excess capacity, profits, consumer surplus, and social welfare; however, it may sometimes play a negative role in alleviating excess capacity. Moreover, Cournot competition is a better choice for enterprises with capacity constraints compared to Stackelberg competition.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of transcrptome profiling to identify genes involved in bulged surface of pear fruits (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. cv. Yuluxiangli)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baopeng Ding ◽  
Chaohui Hu ◽  
Yuqin Song ◽  
Ruijie Hao ◽  
Xinxin Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Transcriptional Factor ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Kegg Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Division Cell

Abstract Background: Pear (Pyrus spp.) belongs to the genus Pyrus, in the family Rosaceae. Some varieties of pear fruits exhibit bulged surface, which seriously affect the quality and commodity value. In this study, we performed anatomical, physiological and transcriptomic analysis, to explore the mechanism of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on the bulged surface of pear fruits. Results: The vascular bundles of flesh were more evenly distributed and the cells arranged more compactly with smaller size. However, the auxin (IAA) content of flesh decreased significantly when treated with PBZ. Further, the GO and KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that auxin, phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways and transcriptional factor genes were significantly enriched on the relieved bulged surface of pear fruits. The promoter region analysis of selected DEGs showed that some genes contained auxin responded cis-elements. Conclusion: We conclude that PBZ might play a negative role in the cell division, cell elongation and vascular bundle development on bulged surface of pear fruits through the involvement of auxin related genes. This study will provide theoretical basis for the regulation of bulged surface of pear fruits by growth retardant agent.

scholarly journals Pembelajaran Era Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia (Studi terhadap Aplikasi Discord)

Koneksi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Edward Tjahjadi ◽  
Sinta Paramita ◽  
Doddy Salman
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Data Checking ◽  
And Diffusion

The use of various applications such as ZOOM, Microsoft Teams, and Google Meets has become familiar to students and teachers thanks to their functionality. It is not widely known that there is one other application that has the same function, that is Discord. With the COVID-19 pandemic situation and the existence of this Discord application, a problem formulation emerged, namely How to use the Discord application as a learning medium for the COVID-19 pandemic era and whether the Discord application as a new innovation is suitable for use as an online learning medium in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The theoretical basis used in this research is the theory of learning media, the use of applications as learning media, social media theory and diffusion of innovation. The approach used in this research is qualitative research. The research method used is a case study. The data collection method used to collect the information needed in this study is to use semi-structured interviews and documentation. The data processing and analysis techniques used in this study were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. To test the validity of the data obtained, this study uses triangulation techniques by utilizing other data for comparison and data checking. The result of this research is that Discord is an ideal new innovation and has great potential as a learning medium in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.Penggunaan berbagai aplikasi seperti ZOOM, Microsoft Teams, dan Google Meets sudah menjadi tidak asing lagi bagi siswa dan pengajar berkat fungsionalitas mereka. Tidak banyak diketahui ada satu aplikasi lain yang memiliki fungsi yang sama, aplikasi tersebut adalah Discord. Dengan situasi pandemi COVID-19 dan beserta keberadaan aplikasi Discord ini, muncul suatu rumusan masalah yakni Bagaimana penggunaan aplikasi Discord sebagai media pembelajaran era pandemi COVID-19 dan Apakah aplikasi Discord sebagai inovasi baru layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran online pada era pandemi COVID-19. Landasan Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitain ini adalah teori media pembelajaran, penggunaan aplikasi sebagai media pembelajaran, teori sosial media dan difusi inovasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi yang dibutuhkan penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan wawancara semiterstruktur dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Untuk menguji keabsahan data yang didapat penelitian ini menggunakan teknik triangulasi dengan memanfaatkan data lain untuk perbandingan dan pengecekan data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Discord merupakan inovasi baru yang ideal dan memiliki potensi besar sebagai media pembelajaran di era pandemi COVID-19.

Effect of ventilation and diffusion nonuniformity on DLCO (exhaled) in a lung model

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Cotton ◽  
B. L. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Lung Model ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Lung Region ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Simultaneous Decay ◽  
And Diffusion

Recent studies have shown that diffusing capacities measured at multiple intervals during a single exhalation [DLCO(exhaled)] remained constant with lung volume in normal subjects, but decreased with decreasing lung volume in patients who may have had diffusion nonuniformity. We have examined the theoretical basis of these results by determining what factors affected DLCO(exhaled) in a computerized lung model in which diffusion in each compartment remained constant with lung volume. DLCO(exhaled) decreased with decreasing lung volume when a small lung region lacked diffusion. However, the change in DLCO(exhaled) with lung volume was also affected by nonuniform ventilation and these effects could not be eliminated by correcting the carbon monoxide decay and the simultaneous decay of helium. DLCO(exhaled) values were also influenced by the exhaled flow rate in the presence of nonuniform ventilation and/or nonuniform diffusion. However, prolonging the period of breath holding prior to exhalation reduced DLCO(exhaled) values at all lung volumes when non-uniform diffusion was simulated, but did not affect DLCO(exhaled) when only nonuniform ventilation was simulated.

Meridional Circulation, Turbulence, and Diffusion Processes in Stars

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vauclair
Keyword(s):  
Convection Zone ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Meridional Circulation ◽  
Diffusion Time ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
First Results ◽  
Stellar Envelopes ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Turbulence And Diffusion ◽  
Hr Diagram

This paper gives the first results of a work in progress, in collaboration with G. Michaud and G. Vauclair. It is a first attempt to compute the effects of meridional circulation and turbulence on diffusion processes in stellar envelopes. Computations have been made for a 2 Mʘstar, which lies in the Am - δ Scuti region of the HR diagram.Let us recall that in Am stars diffusion cannot occur between the two outer convection zones, contrary to what was assumed by Watson (1970, 1971) and Smith (1971), since they are linked by overshooting (Latour, 1972; Toomre et al., 1975). But diffusion may occur at the bottom of the second convection zone. According to Vauclair et al. (1974), the second convection zone, due to He II ionization, disappears after a time equal to the helium diffusion time, and then diffusion may happen at the bottom of the first convection zone, so that the arguments by Watson and Smith are preserved.

Video-Enhanced Microscopy--Better Visibility of Plant Cell Structures

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 182-185
Author(s):  
N.S. Allen ◽  
R.D. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Camera Control ◽  
Variable Gain ◽  
Contrast Method ◽  
Fine Detail ◽  
Cell Structures

Various methods of video-enhanced microscopy combine TV cameras with light microscopes creating images with improved resolution, contrast and visibility of fine detail, which can be recorded rapidly and relatively inexpensively. The AVEC (Allen Video-enhanced Contrast) method avoids polarizing rectifiers, since the microscope is operated at retardations of λ/9- λ/4, where no anomaly is seen in the Airy diffraction pattern. The iris diaphram is opened fully to match the numerical aperture of the condenser to that of the objective. Under these conditions, no image can be realized either by eye or photographically. Yet the image becomes visible using the Hamamatsu C-1000-01 binary camera, if the camera control unit is equipped with variable gain control and an offset knob (which sets a clamp voltage of a D.C. restoration circuit). The theoretical basis for these improvements has been described.

Severe Paradoxical Dysphonia in Two Young Women

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Collins ◽  
Robert McDonald ◽  
Robert Stanley ◽  
Timothy Donovan ◽  
C. Frank Bonebrake
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Therapeutic Regimen ◽  
Instrumental Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This report describes an unusual and persistent dysphonia in two young women who had taken a therapeutic regimen of isotretinoin for intractable acne. We report perceptual and instrumental data for their dysphonia, and pose a theoretical basis for the relationship of dysphonia to this drug. We also provide recommendations for reducing the risk of acquiring a dysphonia during the course of treatment with isotretinoin.

Translation Research for the Rehabilitation of Left Spatial Neglect and Associated Disorders of Attention in Stroke Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkiruka Arene ◽  
Argye E. Hillis
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Attention Bias ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
Unilateral Neglect ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Sound Theoretical Basis ◽  
Review Current

Abstract The syndrome of unilateral neglect, typified by a lateralized attention bias and neglect of contralateral space, is an important cause of morbidity and disability after a stroke. In this review, we discuss the challenges that face researchers attempting to elucidate the mechanisms and effectiveness of rehabilitation treatments. The neglect syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder, and it is not clear which of its symptoms cause ongoing disability. We review current methods of neglect assessment and propose logical approaches to selecting treatments, while acknowledging that further study is still needed before some of these approaches can be translated into routine clinical use. We conclude with systems-level suggestions for hypothesis development that would hopefully form a sound theoretical basis for future approaches to the assessment and treatment of neglect.

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