scholarly journals Removal of Pb (II) from Synthetic Solution and Paint Industry Wastewater Using Activated Carbon Derived from African Arrowroot (Canna indica) Stem

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Takele Sime Tessema ◽  
Amare Tiruneh Adugna ◽  
M. Kamaraj
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Pure Lead ◽  
Canna Indica ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Paint Industry ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

This study aimed to investigate the potential of Canna indica stem-based activated carbon (CISAC) for the removal of Pb (II) ions from synthetic solution and paint industry wastewater. The effects of pH, initial Pb (II) ion concentration, and adsorbent dose were studied using an aqueous solution prepared using pure lead nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) on a batch mode. Dried Canna indica stem (CIS) was carbonized in a rectangular furnace at 500°C for 2 h and treated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) at a ratio of 1 : 1 (w/v). Results showed that the CISAC had 5.4% of moisture, 5.0% of ash, 26.7% of volatile matter, 62.9% of fixed carbon, and 797.5 mg/g of iodine number. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results showed that the hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phenolic functional groups were dominant in the CISAC surface. Physicochemical characteristics revealed that raw wastewater had a concentration of 4.6 mg/L Pb (II), 3 mg/L Cu (II), 171 mg/L BOD5, 2402 mg/L COD, and 619 mg/L TSS. Better removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution was achieved at a pH of 5.5, initial Pb (II) concentration of 102.4 mg/L, and an adsorbent dose of 1.4 g using response surface methodology. The highest removal efficiencies of Pb (II) which was achieved from aqueous solution and paint wastewater were 98% and 70%, respectively. The experimental data are fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich isothermic models. The results suggested CISAC as a promising adsorbent to remove Pb (II) ion from paint industry wastewater.

scholarly journals Adsorption Phenomenon of Arundinaria alpina Stem-Based Activated Carbon for the Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yosef Asrat ◽  
Amare Tiruneh Adugna ◽  
M. Kamaraj ◽  
Surafel Mustefa Beyan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Temperature Ranges

In this study, activated carbon was prepared from locally available bamboo (Arundinaria alpina) in Ethiopia to remove Pb (II) from wastewater. Various effects such as solution pH, initial Pb (II) ion concentration, and adsorbent dose were investigated and accordingly discussed, and the process was carried out on a batch adsorption base. Dried Arundinaria alpina stem was activated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) at a ratio of 1 : 1 (w/v) and carbonized in a furnace at three temperature ranges (500oC, 600oC, and 700oC) for 3 h. The physicochemical of Arundinaria alpina stem activated carbon (AASAC) was investigated and the resultant of 500oC treatment setup is found as ideal in terms of yield (40.6 g), ash (3.5%), porosity (0.704%), moisture (7.7%), and iodine number (814.69 mg/g). The further characterization of ideal AASAC was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR). The optimum Pb (II) removal efficiency of AASAC was 99.8% at pH 5 in a synthetic solution, but the efficiency declined to 60.42% on real industrial wastewater due to the presence of its mixed pollutant nature. Freundlich isotherm model is more favorable than Langmuir with a high correlation coefficient (R2-0.9496) for Pb (II) adsorption. The study revealed that AASAC has a potential adsorption efficiency to remove the Pb (II) ion from the aqueous solution which is also recommended as an adsorbent for real industry wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Ricinus CommunisPericarp Activated Carbon Used as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Ni(II) From Aqueous Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
K. Manickavasagam ◽  
K. Rasappan ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venkatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Initial Ph

Activated carbon prepared from Ricinus communis Pericarp was used to remove Ni(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption. Batch mode adsorption experiments are carried out by varying contact time, metal-ion concentration, carbon concentration and pH to assess kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The adsorption data were modeled by using both Langmuir and Freundlich classical adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity (Qo) calculated from the Langmuir isotherm was 31.15 mg/g of activated carbon at initial pH of 5.0±0.2 for the particle size 125-250 µm.

Kinetics and Isotherms Studies of methylene blue Basic Dye from Aqueous Solution onto Selenicereus grandiflorus Activated Carbon

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M. Mahadeva Swamy ◽  
B.M. Nagabhushana ◽  
Nagaraju Kottam
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Adsorption Studies ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

The present experiment explains the effectiveness of adsorption studies of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions on activated carbon from Selenicereus grandiflorus (SG) treated with conc. sulfuric acid. The sulphuric acid-treated Selenicereus grandiflorus activated carbon (SGAC) was used as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. It suggests an ideal alternative method to adsorption of dye compared to other expensive treatment options. The adsorption studies have been conducted at different experimental parameters, i.e., pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial dye concentration. The batch mode experiments were conducted by different adsorbent dose (0.03-0.150 g per 50 mL), pH of the solution (2-12), effect of time (3-18 min), initial dye concentration (10 mg/L), point of zero charge and regeneration of spent adsorbent studies. Langmuir model shows better fit to the equilibrium data (R2 = 0.966) than Freundlich model. The adsorption capacity (Qm) of SGAC increases with increasing dosage where Qm is 16.17 mg g-1.

scholarly journals Application of Factorial Design for the Optimization of Hexavalent Chromium Removal Using a New Low-cost Adsorbent: Adsorption Isotherms, Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1247-1262
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

This research work involved using factorial experimental design techniques to investigate the adsorption of hexavalent chromium from an aqueous solution on medlar activated carbon. A 24 full factorial experimental design was employed to determine the optimum values and degree of importance of parameters: pH, initial Cr (VI) concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact time at two levels. The optimized conditions for hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) removal were at initial pH 1.5, 5 mg.L−1Cr (VI), adsorbent dose 6 mg, and 60 min adsorption time. The results predicted a good agreement between the predicted values (R2= 0.9909), as obtained by the model, and the experimental value (R2= 0.9977). The main effects and interaction effects were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), F-test and P-values to define the most important process variables affecting Cr (VI) adsorption. The most significant variables were therefore the pH of the solution and the adsorbent dose. Therefore, the present results demonstrate that medlar activated carbon should be regarded as a low-cost alternative for removing Cr (VI) from an aqueous solution. The adsorption data were evaluated by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. The results showed that the Langmuir isotherm model best describes the equilibrium adsorption with a high correlation coefficient.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cd(II) Ion Removal from Aqueous Solution by a Low-Cost Adsorbent Prepared from White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Waste Using Batch Sorption

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edidiong Asuquo ◽  
Alastair Martin ◽  
Petrus Nzerem
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
First Order ◽  
White Yam ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

An agricultural residue, white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) tuber peel (YTBS), was used for the removal of Cd(II) ion from an aqueous solution using a batch method. The adsorbent was characterized using FTIR, TGA, SEM, EDX, N2 BET, XRD, and XRF. The optimization of sorption variables such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, and initial metal ion concentration at 25 °C were also carried out. The results indicated the dependence of sorption on the adsorbate pH and adsorbent dose, while the adsorption system reached equilibrium in 180 min. The sorption kinetics was fitted to three models (pseudo first order, pseudo second order, and Elovich) to validate the kinetics, and the pseudo first order was the best model for the description of Cd(II) uptake. Equilibrium isotherm modelling was also carried out using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models, with the Langmuir isotherm giving the best fitting to the experimental results. The maximum loading capacity (qmax) of the adsorbent for Cd(II) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm model was 22.4 mg∙g−1 with an isotherm constant (KL) of 3.46 × 10−3 L·mg−1 and r2 value of 0.99. This result indicates that the YTBS residue was a good adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) ion from aqueous system.

scholarly journals Adsorption Capabilities of Activated Carbon Derived from Detarium microcarpum Seeds in Removing Co2+ and Pb2+ from Wastewater

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Ishaq Yahaya Lawan ◽  
Shinggu D. Yamta ◽  
Abdurrahman Hudu ◽  
Kolo Alhaji Madu ◽  
Adamu Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Detarium Microcarpum ◽  
Percentage Removal

This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of metals (Pb and Co) removal from solution using Detarium microcarpum seeds as adsorbent. The effect of initial concentration and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption process of these metals were studied, the percentage removal of these metals increased with increased in weight (0.5 -2.5g) in 50ml of the solution and the adsorption efficiency increased with increasing initial metal ion concentration (0.01-0.05 moldm−3). The percentage removal obtained for Lead and Cobalt were compared. The result of adsorption were fitted to Langmuir models and coefficients indicated favorable adsorption of Pb2+ and Co2+ ions on the adsorbents. The adsorption of Pb2+ and Co2+ in aqueous solution was in the following order (1400µm>420µm>150µm). More than 55.4% of studied Lead cations were removed by 1400µm, 47.2% by 420µm and 29.8% by 150µm. While for Cobalt cations only 53.2% by 1400µm, 38.6% by 420µm and 24% by 150µm respectively, from aqueous solution it was concluded that, activated Carbon derived from Detarium microcarpum seed is good in removing both lead and cobalt ions, which make it good absorbent.

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium by Adsorption on Microwave Assisted Activated Carbon Prepared from Stems of Leucas Aspera

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shanmugalingam ◽  
A. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Leucas Aspera ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Impregnation Time

Abstract This study reports adsorption of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution using activated carbon that was prepared from stems of Leucas aspera. Eight hundred and fifty watts power of microwave radiation, 12 min of radiation time, 60% of ZnCl2 solution and 24 h of impregnation time are the optimal parameters to prepare efficient carbon effective activated carbon. It was designated as MWLAC (Microwave assisted Zinc chloride activated Leucas aspera carbon). Various adsorption characteristics such as dose of the adsorbent, agitation time, initial Cr(VI) ion concentration, pH of the solution and temperature on adsorption were studied for removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution by batch mode. Also the equilibrium adsorption was analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and D-R isotherm models. The order of best describing isotherms was given based on R2 value. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best fitted with the Cr(VI) adsorption data. Thermodynamic parameters were also determined and results suggest that the adsorption process is a spontaneous, endothermic and proceeded with increased randomness.

scholarly journals Utilization of Sago Waste as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Cu(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Maheswari ◽  
N. Venilamani ◽  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venckatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherm ◽  
Particle Size Range ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Sago Waste

The preparation of activated carbon (AC) from sago industry waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Cu(II) removal, as well as dispose of sago industry waste. The AC was prepared using sago industry waste with H2SO4and (NH4)2S2O8and physico-chemical properties of AC were investigated. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto AC prepared from sago industry waste has been studied under varying conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH to assess the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. Adsorption equilibrium was obtained in 60min for 20 to 50mg/L of Cu(II) concentrations. The Langmuir and Freundlich equilibrium isotherm models were found to provide an excellent fitting of the adsorption data. In Freundlich equilibrium isotherm, the RL values obtained were in the range of 0 to 1 (0.043 to 0.31) for Cu(II) concentration of 10 to 100mg/L, which indicates favorable adsorption of Cu(II) onto Sago waste carbon. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II) (Qo) obtained from the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm model was found to be 32.467 mg/g at pH 4 ± 0.2 for the particle size range of 125–250u. The percent removal increased with an increase in pH from 2 to 4. This adsorbent was found to be effective and economically attractive.

scholarly journals Removal of crystal violate dye from aqueous solution by adsorption on mixture of activated carbon: A kinetic & equilibrium study

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3876-3887
Author(s):  
Prakash Bhila Wagh ◽  
V.S Shrivastava ◽  
V.S Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Study ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Percentage Removal ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

 The kinetics and equilibrium study of crystal violate dye adsorption on mixture of activated carbon (PWCAC) and (CSAC) was studied. The use of low cost ecofriendly adsorbent has been investigated as an ideal alternative to the current expensive methods of removing of dye from aqueous solution. This study was done by batch adsorption techniques. The quantitative adsorption kinetic and equilibrium parameter for crystal violate dye were studied using uv-visible adsorption spectroscopy. The effect of initial dye concentration, pH,adsorbent dose, temperature, particle size were determined to find the optimal condition for adsorption. The percentage removal of dye was found to be most effective at pH10and contact time 120 min and at an adsorbent dose 4 g/L of dye. The study indicates that’s, the percentage removal of dye increases with increasing initial dye concentration, adsorption dose and contact time and attains equilibrium at optimum conditions.The equilibrium study of adsorption of crystal violate dye on to mixture of activated carbon was investigated using pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetic models. The adsorption kinetics was found to follow pseudo second order kinetic model. The equilibrium adsorption data of crystal violate dye on PWCAC and CSAC mixture was analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption model. The results show that the Langmuir model provides the best correlation.

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