scholarly journals Role of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in Bone Loss of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andi Raga Ginting ◽  
Rudy Hidayat ◽  
Sumariyono Sumariyono ◽  
Sukamto Koesnoe
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Premenopausal Female ◽  
High Level ◽  
Turn Over

Bone loss is one of the emerging extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. TNF-α is the main inflammatory cytokine that can directly increase bone resorption. However, its role in bone formation is still unknown, especially related to secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP-1), an osteoblast inhibitor. This study examines the correlation between TNF-α and SFRP-1, with a bone turn over marker (CTX and P1NP). This is a cross-sectional study with 38 subjects of premenopausal female patients with RA. This study found that 60.6% of the patients were in remission or low disease activity. The median of TNF-α was 10.6 pg/mL, mean of SFRP-1 was 9.29 ng/mL, mean of CTX was 2.74 ng/mL, and the median of P1NP was 34.04 pg/ml. There is positive correlation between TNF-α and P1NP (r=0.363, p=0.026), also between SFRP-1 and P1NP (r=0.341; p=0.036). A low level of TNF-𝛼, high level of SFRP-1, high level of CTX, and low level of P1NP in this study indicate a high bone turn over process, with dominant resorption activity in premenopausal female patients with RA.

High prevalence ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaein a remote, undertreated population of Namibian pastoralists

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
pp. 2422-2432 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. HAZEL ◽  
S. PONNALURI-WEARS ◽  
G. S. DAVIS ◽  
B. S. LOW ◽  
B. FOXMAN
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Pastoralist Communities ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Symptom History ◽  
High Level

SUMMARYThe highly remote pastoralist communities in Kaokoland, Namibia, have long been presumed to have high gonorrhoea prevalence. To estimate gonorrhoea prevalence and correlates of infection, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 446 adults across 28 rural villages. Gonorrhoea status was determined from urethral and vaginal swabs via qPCR assay. All participants answered a closed-ended interview about demographics, sexual behaviour and symptom history. Sixteen per cent of participants had high-level infections (⩾ID50dose) and 48% had low-level infections (<ID50dose). Women had higher prevalence than men of both high- and low-level infections. High-level infections were regionally and seasonally clustered, occurring in young adults in the Ehama region during the winter. Low-level infections were distributed homogenously across demographic characteristics, season, and region. All low-level infections and most high-level infections (men 78%, women 95%) were asymptomatic and left untreated. The epidemic-like nature of high-level gonorrhoea cases suggests that intervention efforts can be focused on seasons of high social activity.

scholarly journals Spiritual Well-Being among Medical and Nonmedical Science Students

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Maazallahi ◽  
Asma Ghonchepour ◽  
Mostafa Sohrabi ◽  
Zakiyeh Golestani ◽  
Peiman Parandeh Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
High Level

Spiritual well-being is one dimension of health that provides a person with stability, meaning, fulfillment in life, and self-belief. This study aimed to compare the spiritual well-being among students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and the Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. With the demographic questionnaire and 20-item spiritual well-being scale of the “Paloutzian and Ellison” questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 626 students of the universities of medical and nonmedical sciences by the quota sampling method in Kerman in 2017-2018. The scores of spiritual well-being and its two components were significantly higher in nonmedical science students (89.83 ± 16.79) than in the medical science students (81.61 ± 15.21) ( p < 0.05 ). In addition, one percent of the nonmedical science students had a low level, 67.7% had a moderate level, and 31.3% had a high level of spiritual well-being. 0.3% of the medical science students had a low level, 84% had a moderate level, and 15.7% had a high level of spiritual well-being. Since spirituality is important for the profession of medical science students, it may be necessary to expand this component in their curriculum.

scholarly journals Anxiety and knowledge of patients before being subjected to orthognathic surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 5) ◽  
pp. 2081-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pâmella Simões Barel ◽  
Cristina Silva Sousa ◽  
Vanessa de Brito Poveda ◽  
Ruth Natalia Teresa Turrini
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the correlation between anxiety level and degree of knowledge in patients before they are subjected to orthognathic surgery. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study with 40 patients in the preoperative period before orthognathic surgery of a private clinic in the city of São Paulo. Results: IDATE-trait anxiety levels feature prevalence of medium-level anxiety with 72.5% (n=29), followed by low-level anxiety with 72.5% (n=29) and high-level level anxiety with 10% (n=4). In the pre-operative period, transitory IDATE-state anxiety levels feature medium-level anxiety with 65% (n=26), followed by high-level anxiety with 22.5% (n=9) and low-level anxiety with 10% (n=4). Pearson’s correlation coefficient resulted in negative r (−0.2) for anxiety-trait (p 0.197) and in negative r (−0.1) for anxiety-state (p 0.417). Conclusion: The data shows a weak correlation in which greater knowledge about the surgical procedure reduces levels of anxiety that may be related to the absence of appropriate guidance about the surgical procedure.

scholarly journals Perceived Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia and Caregivers in Songklanagarind Hospital: Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Thirawat Agrasuta ◽  
Jarurin Pitanupong
Keyword(s):  
Average Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Paranoid Type ◽  
High Level ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objective: To study the perceived level of stigma in patients with schizophrenia and caregivers. Material and Method: This was a cross-sectional study. The researchers collected all data of patients with schizophrenia and caregivers in the psychiatric out-patient unit in Songklanagarind Hospital from May 2015 to March 2016. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Demographics and level of perception of stigma data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of a percentage, mean, and standard deviation.Results: One hundred seventy-one patients with schizophrenia participated. Eighty-nine patients were female (52.0%); the average age was 42.3 years [standard deviation (S.D.)=13.4]; duration of illness was 15 years (S.D.=11.4). Most patients were Buddhist (84.2%), unemployed (38.0%), paranoid type (68.4%). One hundred seventy-one caregivers participated. The average age was 51.2 years (S.D.=13.4). Most caregivers were female (71.9%), Buddhist (86.0%), a parent of patient (40.4%). Average duration of care was 12.7 years (S.D.=9.3). The study found that the patients perceived a low level of stigma (62.0%). Only 1.8% of patients perceived a high level of stigma. The caregivers also perceived a low level of stigma (62.0%). Only 0.6% of caregivers perceived a high level of stigma.Conclusion: Most patients with schizophrenia and caregivers perceived a low level of stigma.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obesity, overweight and abdominal obesity and its association with physical activity in a federal University

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ataide Pinto da Costa ◽  
Ana Gloria Godoi Vasconcelos ◽  
Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
High Level

A cross sectional study to investigate the prevalence of obesity, overweight and abdominal obesity and its association with the level of physical activity (PA) measured in employees of a Rio de Janeiro University according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).299 employees selected by random sampling were interviewed. The association between PA and anthropometric markers was estimated by Poisson models (robust variance). The prevalence of obesity was 27.4% (men 22.8% and 36.3% women), the prevalence of overweight was 63.5% (men 65.0% and women 65.8%) and the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 45.2% (men 35.5% and 63.7% women). Women reported a higher prevalence of low PA (42.2%) compared to men (33.0%). The models adjusted for socio-demographic and behavioral variables and habits related to health, showed a significant association between PA and the outcomes analyzed. The low level of practice of PA (high level reference) has remained associated with the occurrence of obesity (PR = 1.89; 95%CI 1.05 - 3.42) and overweight (PR = 1.40; 95%CI 1.08 - 1.80). For the abdominal obesity, both the mid level (PR = 1.70; 95%CI 1.11 - 2.58) and the low level (PR = 1.74; 95%CI 1.14 - 2.66) were related. This study found inverse association between the practice of PA and obesity in line with what has been recommended by the WHO, and it reinforces the use of IPAQ in population studies. Specifically in relation to abdominal obesity, a remarkable gradient was not observed between levels of PA, suggesting that what is important is the high level of practice of PA.

scholarly journals Comunicación terapéutica del enfermero, desde la perspectiva del hospitalizado en el hospital General Jaén, Perú

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-394
Author(s):  
María Esther Saavedra Chinchayán ◽  
Gladys Bernardita León Montoya ◽  
Adalia Estefany Dávila Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Medicine Service ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hospital General ◽  
De Medicina

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de comunicación terapéutica del profesional de enfermería desde la perspectiva de las personas hospitalizadas en el servicio de medicina del Hospital General Jaén, Perú.Material y método: Estudio cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo; observacional, prospectivo, transversal, análisis estadístico univariado, muestra constituida por 122 personas hospitalizadas, se utilizó como instrumento el “Cuestionario de la comunicación terapéutica” elaborado por Lourdes Guevara Chuquillanqui, con validez por juicio de expertos fue VC = 2.2 > VT = 1.6449 y una confiabilidad de 0.92.Resultados: El 100% (122) de las personas hospitalizadas; 71.3% (87) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo y el 28.7% (35) nivel medio. Según las dimensiones: en empatía el 70.5% (86) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo, el 27% (33) nivel medio y 2.5% (3) nivel alto, en la dimensión respeto el 54.9% (67) percibió una comunicación terapéutica un nivel bajo, el 42.6% (52) un nivel medio y el 2.5% (3) nivel alto, en la dimensión escucha receptiva el 54.9% (67) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo y el 45.1% (55) nivel medio, en la dimensión emociones del paciente el 57.4% (70) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo, el 34.4% (42) nivel medio y el 8.2% (10) nivel alto, en la dimensión acompañamiento en su reflexión el 68% (83) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo, el 68% (83) nivel bajo, el 25.4% (31) nivel medio y 6.6% (8) nivel alto. Conclusiones: La percepción de comunicación terapéutica de las personas hospitalizadas fue de nivel bajo a medio. Objective: Determine the level of therapeutic communication professional nursing from the perspective of people hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Service of the General Hospital Jaén, Peru.Material and method: Research quantitative, descriptive level; an observational, prospective and cross-sectional study, univariate statistical analysis. The sample was composed of 122 people hospitalized, It was used as an instrument of the "therapeutic communication Questionnaire" developed by Lourdes Guevara Chuquillanqui, which was validated by expert judgement as VC = 2.2 > VT = 1.6449 and a reliability of 0.92.Results: 100% (122) of persons hospitalized; 71.3% (87) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level and the 28.7% (35) medium level. According to the dimensions: In empathy 86 (70.5%) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level, the 27% (33) Medium level and 2.5% (3) high level, in the respect dimension 67 (54.9%) perceived a therapeutic communication a low level, the 42.6% (52) a medium level and 2.5% (3) high level, in the dimension receptive listening 67 (54.9%) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level and the 45.1% (55) medium level, in the emotions of the patient 70 (57.4%) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level, the 34.4% (42) Medium level and 8.2% (10) high level, in the dimension accompanying upon their reflection the 68%(83) earned a therapeutic communication of low level, the 68% (83) low level, 25.4% (31) Medium level and 6.6% (8) high level. Conclusions: In conclusion the perception of therapeutic communication of persons hospitalized was of low to medium level. Objetivo: Determinar o nível de comunicação terapêutica do profissional de enfermagem a partir da perspectiva das pessoas hospitalizadas no serviço médico do Hospital Geral Jaén, Peru.Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, nível descritivo; análise estatística observacional, prospectiva, transversal, univariada, amostra constituída por 122 pessoas hospitalizadas. Como instrumento foi utilizado o "questionário terapêutico de comunicação" elaborado por Lourdes Guevara Chuquillanqui, com validade por juízo de especialistas foi VC = 2,2 > VT = 1,6449 e uma confiabilidade de 0,92.Resultados: 100% (122) das pessoas hospitalizadas; 71,3% (87) perceberam um baixo nível de comunicação terapêutica e 28,7% (35) um nível médio. De acordo com as dimensões: em em empatia 70,5% (86) percebeu um baixo nível de comunicação terapêutica, 27% (33) nível médio e 2,5% (3) nível alto, na dimensão respeito 54,9% (67) percebeu um baixo nível de comunicação terapêutica, 42,6% (52) nível médio e 2,5% (3) nível alto, na dimensão escuta receptiva 54,9% (67) percebeu um baixo nível de comunicação terapêutica e 45.1% (55) nível médio, na dimensão emocional do paciente 57,4% (70) percebeu um baixo nível de comunicação terapêutica, 34,4% (42) nível médio e 8,2% (10) nível alto, na dimensão de acompanhamento em reflexão 68% (83) percebeu um baixo nível de comunicação terapêutica, 68% (83) nível baixo, 25,4% (31) nível médio e 6,6% (8) nível alto. Conclusões: A percepção da comunicação terapêutica das pessoas hospitalizadas foi de baixo para médio nível.Palavras-chave: Comunicação terapêutica; profissional de enfermagem; perspectiva; pessoa hospitalizada.

scholarly journals Association between parenting and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in Yunnan, China: a cross-sectional survey

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10493
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yuanyuan Xiao ◽  
Hailiang Ran ◽  
Xingting He ◽  
Linling Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
High Level

Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents is prevalent and its rate has increased in recent years worldwide. Previous studies had investigated the association between parenting and childhood NSSI, but little is known about the relationship between parental rearing and repetition and severity of NSSI. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of parenting with NSSI and its repetition and severity in a representative adolescent sample from southwestern China. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 2,705 adolescents (F/M: 1,245/1,460; mean age: 13.4 ± 2.2 years) was recruited from 14 randomly selected schools in Lincang municipality, Yunnan province, China. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data. The Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Function Assessment Scale and the short Chinese Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (s-EMBU-C) were used to evaluate NSSI behaviors and parenting style, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were adopted to examine association between parenting and NSSI. Results Overall lifetime prevalence of NSSI was 47.1% (95% CI [36.2–58.0]), with self-cutting being the most common form (23.5% (95% CI [19.3–27.7])), followed by hitting hard objects (23.4% (95% CI [20.2–26.7])) and pulling hairs (20.9% (95% CI [18.8–22.6])). In multiple logistic regression analyses, NSSI was positively associated with high level of father’s rejection (OR: 1.32 (95% CI [1.01–1.72])), high level of mother’s rejection (OR: 1.76 (95% CI [1.46–2.13])), low level of mother’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.42 (95% CI [1.15–1.75])), and high level of mother’s overprotection (OR: 1.74 (95% CI [1.49–2.03])), repeated NSSI was positively associated with low level of father’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.39 (95% CI [1.10–1.75])) and high level of mother’s overprotection (OR: 1.79 (95% CI [1.33–2.41])), and severe NSSI was positively associated with low level of father’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.64 (95% CI [1.11–2.43])) and high level of mother’s rejection (OR: 2.16 (95% CI [1.71–2.71])). Conclusion NSSI is common among adolescents in southwestern China. Negative parenting styles are associated with NSSI, repeated NSSI, and severe NSSI. The development of intervention measures for preventing or reducing NSSI among Chinese adolescents in school settings should consider parenting styles.

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden and Social Support in Mothers with β-Thalassemia Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mashayekhi ◽  
Rasoul Hashemi Jozdani ◽  
Masoumeh Nazari Chamak ◽  
Sareh Mehni
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Burden Scale ◽  
High Level ◽  
Available Information

<p><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>In our knowledge, there was no available information on social support and caregiver’s burden among parents of thalassemic children.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>AIM:</strong> To examine caregiver’s burden and social support in mothers of thalassemic children, this study was conducted.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>METHODS: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2013 in Jiroft Thalassemic Center (JTC) in southeast of Iran. To assess the caregiver’s burden and social support, caregiver burden scale and Norbeck social support questionnaire was used respectively.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>There was a response rate of 98% (160 out of 163 mothers were participated). Generally, 51.5% and 49.5% of mothers reported low and high level of social support, respectively. In term of caregiver’s burden, 20%, 29% and 51% of mothers reported high, moderate and low level of burden, respectively. There was no significant correlation between mean score of caregiver’s burden and mean score of social support.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Our study showed that social support of Iranian mothers with thalassemic children is low. In addition, caregiver’s burden among this group of mothers is high. Further research is recommended to prepare more evidence in this regard.</p>

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