Association between parenting and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in Yunnan, China: a cross-sectional survey

Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents is prevalent and its rate has increased in recent years worldwide. Previous studies had investigated the association between parenting and childhood NSSI, but little is known about the relationship between parental rearing and repetition and severity of NSSI. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of parenting with NSSI and its repetition and severity in a representative adolescent sample from southwestern China. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 2,705 adolescents (F/M: 1,245/1,460; mean age: 13.4 ± 2.2 years) was recruited from 14 randomly selected schools in Lincang municipality, Yunnan province, China. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data. The Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Function Assessment Scale and the short Chinese Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (s-EMBU-C) were used to evaluate NSSI behaviors and parenting style, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were adopted to examine association between parenting and NSSI. Results Overall lifetime prevalence of NSSI was 47.1% (95% CI [36.2–58.0]), with self-cutting being the most common form (23.5% (95% CI [19.3–27.7])), followed by hitting hard objects (23.4% (95% CI [20.2–26.7])) and pulling hairs (20.9% (95% CI [18.8–22.6])). In multiple logistic regression analyses, NSSI was positively associated with high level of father’s rejection (OR: 1.32 (95% CI [1.01–1.72])), high level of mother’s rejection (OR: 1.76 (95% CI [1.46–2.13])), low level of mother’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.42 (95% CI [1.15–1.75])), and high level of mother’s overprotection (OR: 1.74 (95% CI [1.49–2.03])), repeated NSSI was positively associated with low level of father’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.39 (95% CI [1.10–1.75])) and high level of mother’s overprotection (OR: 1.79 (95% CI [1.33–2.41])), and severe NSSI was positively associated with low level of father’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.64 (95% CI [1.11–2.43])) and high level of mother’s rejection (OR: 2.16 (95% CI [1.71–2.71])). Conclusion NSSI is common among adolescents in southwestern China. Negative parenting styles are associated with NSSI, repeated NSSI, and severe NSSI. The development of intervention measures for preventing or reducing NSSI among Chinese adolescents in school settings should consider parenting styles.

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Self-harm among in-school and street-connected adolescents in Ghana: a cross-sectional survey in the Greater Accra region

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041609 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e041609

Author(s):

Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie ◽

Farag Shuweihdi ◽

Mitch Waterman ◽

Allan House

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Injury ◽

Significant Public Health Problem ◽

Significant Public Health ◽

Treatment Measures ◽

Self Harm ◽

Greater Accra Region

ObjectivesTo identify the prevalence, methods, associations and reported reasons for self-harm among in-school and street-connected adolescents in Ghana.DesignA cross-sectional survey. We applied multi-level regression models and model-based cluster analysis to the data.SettingThree contexts in the Greater Accra region were used: second cycle schools, facilities of charity organisations and street census enumeration areas (sleeping places of street-connected adolescents, street corners, quiet spots of restaurants, markets, train and bus stations, and lorry and car parks).ParticipantsA regionally representative sample of 2107 (1723 in-school and 384 street-connected) adolescents aged 13–21 years.Outcome measuresParticipants responded to a structured self-report anonymous questionnaire describing their experience of self-harm and eliciting demographic information and social and personal adversities.ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of self-harm was 20.2% (95% CI 19.0% to 22.0%), 12-month prevalence was 16.6% (95% CI 15.0% to 18.0%) and 1-month prevalence was 3.1% (95% CI 2.0% to 4.0%). Self-injury alone accounted for 54.5% episodes and self-poisoning alone for 16.2% episodes, with more than one method used in 26% of episodes. Self-cutting (38.7%) was the most common form of self-injury, whereas alcohol (39.2%) and medications (27.7%) were the most commonly reported means of self-poisoning. The factors associated with self-harm were interpersonal: conflict with parents (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.87, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.81), physical abuse victimisation (aOR=1.69, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.47), difficulty in making and keeping friends (aOR=1.24, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.80), sexual abuse victimisation (aOR=1.21, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.87) and conflict between parents (aOR=1.07, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.56).ConclusionsSelf-harm is a significant public health problem among in-school and street-connected adolescents in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Its origins are very largely in social and familial adversity, and therefore prevention and treatment measures need to be focused in these areas.

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Role of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in Bone Loss of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

International Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.1155/2020/9149762 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Andi Raga Ginting ◽

Rudy Hidayat ◽

Sumariyono Sumariyono ◽

Sukamto Koesnoe

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Related Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Level ◽

Female Patients ◽

Premenopausal Female ◽

High Level ◽

Turn Over

Bone loss is one of the emerging extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. TNF-α is the main inflammatory cytokine that can directly increase bone resorption. However, its role in bone formation is still unknown, especially related to secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP-1), an osteoblast inhibitor. This study examines the correlation between TNF-α and SFRP-1, with a bone turn over marker (CTX and P1NP). This is a cross-sectional study with 38 subjects of premenopausal female patients with RA. This study found that 60.6% of the patients were in remission or low disease activity. The median of TNF-α was 10.6 pg/mL, mean of SFRP-1 was 9.29 ng/mL, mean of CTX was 2.74 ng/mL, and the median of P1NP was 34.04 pg/ml. There is positive correlation between TNF-α and P1NP (r=0.363, p=0.026), also between SFRP-1 and P1NP (r=0.341; p=0.036). A low level of TNF-𝛼, high level of SFRP-1, high level of CTX, and low level of P1NP in this study indicate a high bone turn over process, with dominant resorption activity in premenopausal female patients with RA.

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App use frequency and condomless anal intercourse among men who have sex with men in Beijing, China: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462419860293 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 1146-1155 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qianqian Luo ◽

Zunyou Wu ◽

Zihuang Chen ◽

Yue Ma ◽

Guodong Mi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Sexual Behaviors ◽

Anal Intercourse ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Beijing China

Gay dating applications (apps) are popular among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. This study examined the relationship between gay dating app use frequency and condomless anal intercourse (CAI) in a sample of MSM in Beijing. In October 2017, a web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted among MSM from Beijing, China. Demographics, frequency of app use, and sexual behaviors were collected and analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the association between app use frequency and CAI. Of the 9280 participants, the proportion of CAI within one month prior to the survey was 43.3%, and 43.7% logged onto the app ≥11 times per week. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, logging onto the app 6–10 times per week and ≥11 times per week were inversely associated with CAI (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.88 [95%CI, 0.78–0.99]; AOR = 0.88 [95%CI, 0.82–0.97], respectively). Among those 40 years of age or older, logging onto the app ≥11 times per week was associated with lower rates of CAI (AOR = 0.57 [95%CI, 0.40–0.81]). Results indicate that frequent app use was associated with lower odds of CAI among MSM in Beijing, China. Innovative interventions, which take advantage of this popular media platform, should be developed as such apps have been found to reduce the odds of CAI in Beijing.

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Menopausal hormone therapy: Characterising users in an Australian national cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253725 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0253725

Author(s):

Louiza S. Velentzis ◽

Sam Egger ◽

Emily Banks ◽

Karen Canfell

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Hormone Therapy ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Menopausal Symptoms ◽

Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽

Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is effective for menopausal symptoms, however, its use is also associated with risks of serious health conditions including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancer, stroke and venous thromboembolism. MHT-related health risks increase with longer durations of use. In Australia, while overall MHT use fell when risk-related findings were published in 2002, a significant number of women continue using MHT long-term. We aimed to examine socio-demographic, health-related and lifestyle characteristics in relation to post-2002 MHT use, and to compare use for <5 and ≥5 years. Data from 1,561 participants from an Australian, national, cross-sectional survey of women aged 50–69 in 2013 were analysed. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression for characteristics related to overall MHT use post-2002 and multinomial logistic regression for associations between MHT duration of use [never/<5 years/≥5 years] and personal characteristics, adjusting for sociodemographic, reproductive, health and lifestyle factors. Post-2002 MHT use was associated with increasing age (p-trend<0.001), hysterectomy versus no hysterectomy (OR:2.55, 95%CI = 1.85–3.51), bilateral oophorectomy vs no oophorectomy (OR:1.66, 95%CI = 1.09–2.53), and ever- versus never-use of therapies other than MHT for menopausal symptoms (OR:1.93, 95%CI = 1.48–2.57). Women with prior breast cancer (OR:0.35, 95%CI = 0.17–0.74) and with more children (p-trend = 0.034) were less likely than other women to use MHT. Prior hysterectomy was more strongly associated with MHT use for ≥5 years than for <5 years (p = 0.004). Ever-use of non-MHT menopausal therapies was associated with MHT use for <5 years but not with longer-term use (p = 0.004). This study reinforces the need for MHT users and their clinicians to re-evaluate continued MHT use on an ongoing basis.

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Influencing Factors of Humanistic Care Ability in Mental Health Workers: An Online Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1057790/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaolin Liu ◽

Hongjin Zhu

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mental Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Level

Abstract Background Mental health workers may face more obstacles in humanistic care during the COVID-19 pandemic, we aimed to explore the humanistic care ability of mental health workers and its potential influencing factors.Method(s) An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among 262 mental health workers working in Chongqing, China from December 1 to 31, 2020. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from the participants. Results Mental health workers’ humanistic care ability score was 186.47 ± 21.34, and most of the them (79.8%) were at a low level. Psychological capital and personality traits were significant influencing factors of humanistic care ability and its sub-dimensions.Conclusion(s) Research has found that the humanistic care ability of mental health workers is at a low level, and psychological capital and personality traits are significant factors influencing the humanistic care ability and its sub-dimensions. Interventions to improve psychological capital of mental health workers or to promote the change of personality traits that they want are recommended, thereby promoting humanistic practice.

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Media Exposure Related to the PTSS During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Risk Perception

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.654548 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yiqing Wang ◽

Ling Jiang ◽

Shuang Ma ◽

Qinian Chen ◽

Chengbin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Media Exposure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

High Level ◽

The Relationship

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to assess the relationship between media exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and to highlight the underlying mechanisms mediated by risk perception.Methods: This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. A total of 2,858 Chinese citizens aged ≥18 years from 31 provinces and autonomous regions were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess media exposure, PTSS, and risk perception.Results: The prevalence of respondents with heightened PTSS scores was 22.2%. After controlling for covariates, media exposure (more than five times a day) was significantly and positively associated with a high level of PTSS (B = 4.11, p < 0.001), and risk perception (worry and severity) significantly mediated the relationship between media exposure and PTSS (all 95% CIs did not include 0).Conclusions: Based on these findings, the frequency of media exposure was associated with PTSS. Risk perception (worry and severity) mediated the relationship between media exposure and PTSS. The mental health, particularly PTSS, of the general population should be closely monitored and “infodemics” should be combatted while addressing the COVID-19 outbreak; cognitive interventions may be promising.

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High prevalence ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaein a remote, undertreated population of Namibian pastoralists

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268813003488 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 142 (11) ◽

pp. 2422-2432 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. HAZEL ◽

S. PONNALURI-WEARS ◽

G. S. DAVIS ◽

B. S. LOW ◽

B. FOXMAN

Keyword(s):

Social Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural Villages ◽

Low Level ◽

Pastoralist Communities ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Vaginal Swabs ◽

Symptom History ◽

High Level

SUMMARYThe highly remote pastoralist communities in Kaokoland, Namibia, have long been presumed to have high gonorrhoea prevalence. To estimate gonorrhoea prevalence and correlates of infection, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 446 adults across 28 rural villages. Gonorrhoea status was determined from urethral and vaginal swabs via qPCR assay. All participants answered a closed-ended interview about demographics, sexual behaviour and symptom history. Sixteen per cent of participants had high-level infections (⩾ID50dose) and 48% had low-level infections (<ID50dose). Women had higher prevalence than men of both high- and low-level infections. High-level infections were regionally and seasonally clustered, occurring in young adults in the Ehama region during the winter. Low-level infections were distributed homogenously across demographic characteristics, season, and region. All low-level infections and most high-level infections (men 78%, women 95%) were asymptomatic and left untreated. The epidemic-like nature of high-level gonorrhoea cases suggests that intervention efforts can be focused on seasons of high social activity.

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Spiritual Well-Being among Medical and Nonmedical Science Students

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2021/6614961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Mahboobeh Maazallahi ◽

Asma Ghonchepour ◽

Mostafa Sohrabi ◽

Zakiyeh Golestani ◽

Peiman Parandeh Afshar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Moderate Level ◽

Science Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Level ◽

Spiritual Well Being ◽

Quota Sampling ◽

High Level

Spiritual well-being is one dimension of health that provides a person with stability, meaning, fulfillment in life, and self-belief. This study aimed to compare the spiritual well-being among students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and the Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. With the demographic questionnaire and 20-item spiritual well-being scale of the “Paloutzian and Ellison” questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 626 students of the universities of medical and nonmedical sciences by the quota sampling method in Kerman in 2017-2018. The scores of spiritual well-being and its two components were significantly higher in nonmedical science students (89.83 ± 16.79) than in the medical science students (81.61 ± 15.21) ( p < 0.05 ). In addition, one percent of the nonmedical science students had a low level, 67.7% had a moderate level, and 31.3% had a high level of spiritual well-being. 0.3% of the medical science students had a low level, 84% had a moderate level, and 15.7% had a high level of spiritual well-being. Since spirituality is important for the profession of medical science students, it may be necessary to expand this component in their curriculum.

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Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage Rates and Associated Factors: A Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Beijing, 2019–2020

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9101070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1070

Author(s):

Yan Liang ◽

Xinxin Bai ◽

Xinyao Liu ◽

Zheng Zhang ◽

Xinghuo Pang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Coverage Rates

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are low throughout most populations in China. Factors influencing low coverage rates, including population-specific hepatitis B vaccination barriers, may inform policies that promote vaccination. A cross-sectional survey of residents from 43 communities assessed their vaccination status and identified associated factors via uni- and multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analyses. In total, 11,280 of 36,007 respondents received a hepatitis B vaccine, indicating a 31.33% coverage rate. Multivariable logistic regression revealed non-Beijing (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–0.85) and residents who self-rated their health as very healthy (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.68–0.99) were unlikely to be vaccinated. Farmers (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.51–1.86), commerce and service workers (OR = 1.82; 95% CI, 1.63–2.04), government employees (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.38–1.77), professionals and technicians (OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.63–2.09), and students (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.10–2.59) had increased hepatitis B vaccination rates. The multivariable assessment revealed hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are associated with confirmed or suspected family cases, vaccination unwillingness or uncertainty, and unawareness of its prevention of the hepatitis B virus. Low hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates among Beijing subpopulations highlight the need for improved strategies, including those that target specific populations.

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Estimation of Tinnitus Risk in a Community: The Yakumo Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-30159/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tadao Yoshida ◽

Tsutomu Nakashima ◽

Naomi Katayama ◽

Takafumi Nakada ◽

Anna Yoshihara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Serum Calcium ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Health Examination ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Level

Abstract Background: Tinnitus is an unpleasant symptom, and its prevalence among the elderly is very high. We conducted annual examinations of people in a community using a health survey with an additional item on tinnitus to investigate the risk factors within this community.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 510 Japanese citizens (215 men, 295 women) who attended a health examination. A self-report questionnaire including items on tinnitus and a hearing test were administered. For the examination, body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. A blood examination included counts of red and white blood cells as well as platelets, and measures of hemoglobin, total protein, total cholesterol, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and serum calcium.Results: A logistic regression analysis revealed that subjective hearing loss, vertigo, and a high level of serum calcium were associated with tinnitus after adjustment for age and sex. There was a significant correlation between subjective hearing loss and pure tone audiogram results.Conclusions: Hearing loss, vertigo, and serum calcium level are independently associated with subjective tinnitus.

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