scholarly journals Relay Selection-and-Jamming Scheme with Nonlinear Energy Harvesting

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Triet Pham-Minh ◽  
Khuong Ho-Van ◽  
Hoa Nguyen-Minh ◽  
Khanh Nghi-Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Relay Selection ◽  
Intermediate Node ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Radio Frequency Energy ◽  
Asymptotic Expressions ◽  
Source Signals ◽  
Nonlinear Energy ◽  
Improve Reliability ◽  
Selection Of

When direct source-destination communications are in outage, relay selection is a preferable solution to improve reliability for this communications. However, such a relay selection makes the eavesdropper better overhear source data through both source-relay and relay-destination communication hops, losing data security. To improve both reliability and security, this paper proposes a relay selection-and-jamming (RaJ) scheme to select one intermediate node as a conventional relay and another node as a jammer. To enhance energy efficiency, all intermediate nodes harvest radio frequency energy in source signals for their operations with nonlinear energy harvesting (NL-EH). The security and reliability of the RaJ scheme are assessed through suggested rigorous/asymptotic expressions and are significantly better than two benchmark schemes without neither jamming nor both relay selection and jamming. Additionally, they can be optimized with reasonable selection of specifications. Moreover, the NL property of the energy harvesters dramatically affects the reliability but negligibly degrades the security for the RaJ scheme. Furthermore, the linear EH (L-EH) is more reliable but less secure than the NL-EH.

Reliability-Based Design Optimization for Nonlinear Energy Harvesters

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumin Seong ◽  
Christopher Mullen ◽  
Soobum Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Reliability Based Design Optimization ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Reliability Design ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Reliability Based Design ◽  
Stable Characteristic ◽  
Tip Mass ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

This paper presents reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) and experimental validation of the purely mechanical nonlinear vibration energy harvester we recently proposed. A bi-stable characteristic was embodied with a pre-stressed curved cantilever substrate on which piezoelectric patches were laminated. The curved cantilever can be simply manufactured by clamping multiple beams with different lengths or by connecting two ends of the cantilever using a coil spring. When vibrating, the inertia of the tip mass activates the curved cantilever to cause snap-through buckling and makes the nature of vibration switch between two equilibrium positions. The reliability-based design optimization study for maximization of power density and broadband energy harvesting performance is performed. The benefit of the proposed design in terms of excellent reliability, design compactness, and ease of implementation is discussed. The prototype is fabricated based on the optimal design result and energy harvesting performance between the linear and nonlinear energy harvesters is compared. The excellent broadband characteristic of the purely mechanical harvester will be validated.

Design enhancement and non-dimensional analysis of magnetically-levitated nonlinear vibration energy harvesters

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 2810-2822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Nammari ◽  
Hamzeh Bardaweel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Magnetic Forces ◽  
Linear Version ◽  
Harvesting Techniques ◽  
Unique Potential ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

Over the past decade, there has been special interest in developing nonlinear energy harvesters capable of operating over a wideband frequency spectrum. Chief among the nonlinear energy harvesting techniques is magnetic levitation–based energy harvesting. Nonetheless, current nonlinear magnetic levitation–based energy harvesting approaches encapsulate design challenges. This work investigates some of the design issues and limitations faced by traditional magnetic levitation–based energy harvesters such as damping schemes and stiffness nonlinearities. Both experiment and model are used to quantify and evaluate damping regimes and stiffness nonlinearities present in magnetic levitation–based energy harvesters. Results show that dry friction, mostly ignored in magnetic levitation–based energy harvesting literature, contributes to the overall energy dissipation. Measured and modeled magnetic forces–displacement curves suggest that stiffness nonlinearities are weak over moderate distances. An enhanced design utilizing a combination of mechanical and magnetic springs is introduced to overcome some of these limitations. A non-dimensional model of the proposed design is developed and used to investigate the enhanced architecture. The unique potential energy profile suggests that the proposed nonlinear energy harvester outperforms the linear version by steepening the displacement response and shifting the resonance frequency, resulting in a larger bandwidth for which power can be harvested.

Bistable Energy Harvesting From Human Motion

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Junyi Cao ◽  
Shengxi Zhou ◽  
Jing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Potential Well ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Cantilever Structure ◽  
Well Function ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

Recently, the power supply for portable electronic devices using the electricity extracted from human motion and ambient vibrations has received considerable attention from multidiscipline field. Among many energy converting mechanisms, the ease miniaturization of piezoelectric cantilever structure propels many research groups to investigate the potential of efficient energy harvesting from ambient vibration using resonant phenomena. However, the incapability of traditional linear energy harvesting from low frequency or varying frequency vibrations has become an open issue. This paper investigates the feasibility of nonlinear energy harvesters with different bistable potential well functions in harvesting energy from walking and running vibration. The portable nonlinear energy harvesting device and its measurement system has been established to obtain the model parameter and excitation signal from human motion. The electromechanical model for bistable energy harvesters with different nonlinear restoring force is derived from theoretical method and experimental data. Numerical investigation under human walking and running vibrations shows that large amplitude interwell motion are easily achieved to improve energy output while the proper potential well function of bistable oscillators is designed. The comparative experiments for nonlinear energy devices with different potential well function are performed. The history and frequency spectrum of output voltage demonstrate the effectiveness of numerical simulation and the clear potential of bistable energy harvesting from human motion by means of appropriate potential function design.

Analytical and Numerical Investigations on a Bistable System for Energy Harvesting Application

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Heymanns ◽  
Peter Hagedorn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Bistable System ◽  
Energy Harvest ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Critical Excitation ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

This paper aims at an analytical and numerical analysis of a bistable Duffing equation. One purpose lies in the identification of suitable oscillations for a robust energy harvesting device, i.e. a system that is well suited for a broad bandwidth excitation. A map is constructed illustrating the dependence of the harvested energy on the predominant oscillation type. It shows that inter-well oscillations lead to the highest energy harvest compared to intra-well and cross-well oscillations under harmonic excitation. The determination of the critical excitation parameters necessary to maintain inter-well oscillations is essential for the design of bistable energy harvesters. Therefore, investigations are made to attain an analytical description of the inter-well oscillation region. On this basis, a design criterion is derived for nonlinear energy harvesters.

scholarly journals Security Enhancement for Energy Harvesting Cognitive Networks with Relay Selection

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Khuong Ho-Van ◽  
Thiem Do-Dac
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Relay Selection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Security Enhancement ◽  
Radio Frequency Energy ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
Harvesting Method

Relay selection is proposed in this paper as an efficient solution to secure information transmission of secondary users against eavesdroppers in energy harvesting cognitive networks. The proposed relay selection method selects a secondary relay among available secondary relays, which are capable of harvesting radio frequency energy in signals of the secondary transmitter and correctly restore secondary message, to curtail signal-to-noise ratio at the wire-tapper. In order to evaluate the security performance of the suggested relay selection method, an exact intercept outage probability formula accounting for peak transmit power confinement, Rayleigh fading, and interference power confinement is firstly derived. Monte-Carlo simulations are then generated to corroborate the proposed formula. Numerous results expose that positions of relays, the number of relays, and parameters of the energy harvesting method significantly influence the security performance while the power confinements on secondary transmitters cause the performance saturation.

Electromechanical Modelling and Experiments of a Bistable Plate for Nonlinear Energy Harvesting

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres F. Arrieta ◽  
Peter Hagedorn ◽  
Alper Erturk ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Nonlinear Behaviour ◽  
Stable States ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Type ◽  
Nonlinear Devices ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

Vibration based energy harvesting has received extensive attention in the engineering community in the past decade. It has been mainly focused on linear electromechanical devices excited close or at resonance, where these systems operate optimally. Although much progress has been achieved in this research direction, real harvesting devices would seldom operate in environment with such idealized conditions. Recently, the idea to use nonlinearity to enhance the performance for energy harvesters has been introduced. Nonlinear devices have been shown to have the potential to operate over a wider band of frequencies and deliver higher power. Bistable composites are a new type of composites exhibiting two stable states so far considered for morphing applications. In this paper, we propose to exploit the nonlinear behaviour of a bistable composite plate with bonded flexible piezoelectric patches to obtain a nonlinear energy harvesting device. The response of the structure is investigated revealing several large amplitude nonlinear phenomena over a wide range of frequencies. Resistor sweeps are conducted for representative dynamic regimes giving the optimal electrical load for each type of oscillations. The observed characteristics give the proposed device the potentiality for broadband energy harvesting.

scholarly journals Ambient Backscattering-Enabled SWIPT Relaying System with a Nonlinear Energy Harvesting Model

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4534
Author(s):  
Thu L. N. Nguyen ◽  
Jin-Young Kim ◽  
Yoan Shin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Outage Probability ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Power Splitting ◽  
Intermediate Node ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Extra Energy ◽  
Coverage Extension ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

Since radio frequency (RF) signals can be used for both information transmission and energy harvesting, RF-based energy harvesting is capable of integrating with other existing communication techniques for providing better rate–energy tradeoff and quality-of-service. Within the context of an RF-based energy harvesting relaying network, a relay node not only acts as an intermediate node to help the delivery from source to destination, but also harvests energy from an RF dedicated source to prolong its lifetime. Thus, it brings diversity gain and coverage extension as well as provides extra energy for data transmission. This paper investigates a system that enables ambient backscattering communication-assisted simultaneous wireless information and power transfer at the relay. In the proposed system, a backscatter device plays a role as a relay to meet sustainable network coverage and to harvest ambient energy as well. With a power splitting (PS) scheme, we first investigate a nonlinear energy harvesting model at the relay node. In order to adapt to the channel gains, a dynamic PS ratio is required to perform well in changing environments. Moreover, we derive mathematical expressions for the outage probability and the achievable system throughput. Numerical results show the effects of various system parameters on the outage probability and the system throughput performance.

A real vibration database for kinetic energy harvesting application

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 2095-2101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Neri ◽  
Flavio Travasso ◽  
Riccardo Mincigrucci ◽  
Helios Vocca ◽  
Francesco Orfei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

In this article, we discuss the project of a vibration signal database for energy harvesting purpose. After a brief description where we present the technologies used to create the database and the procedures to acquire the signals, we show some results obtained using selected environmental noises from the database to characterize nonlinear energy harvesters.

Orbit Jumps of Monostable Energy Harvesters by a Bidirectional Energy Conversion Circuit

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahua Wang ◽  
Bao Zhao ◽  
Junrui Liang ◽  
Wei-Hsin Liao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wide Frequency Range ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Switch Control ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

Abstract Nonlinear energy harvesters have been widely studied in the last decade. Their broad bandwidth and relatively high power output contribute to energy harvesting applications. However, the coexisting multiple orbits brought by the nonlinearity weaken the performance of nonlinear energy harvesters. This paper proposes to achieve orbit jumps of monostable energy harvesters by a bidirectional energy conversion circuit. Changing the switch control sequence in the bidirectional energy conversion circuit facilitates it with both the energy harvesting and vibration exciting functions. Thus, a nonlinear energy harvester in connection with the circuit can harness ambient energy as well as excite itself, through energy harvesting and vibration exciting modes separately. Based on the concept of vibration exciting, the energy saved in the storage is used to stimulate the piezoelectric transducer for a larger vibration amplitude, which enables orbit jumps. The working mechanism of the circuit is introduced. Experimental setup of a monostable energy harvester has been developed to validate the proposed method. The monostable system can be stimulated to high-energy orbit from a small vibration amplitude by the vibration exciting mode of the circuit. It is also revealed that the method can achieve orbit jumps in a wide frequency range within the hysteresis area. Evaluations on energy consumption and energy gain show that the sacrificed energy can be quickly recovered. A novel approach for orbit jumps of monostable energy harvesters is performed so as to open new opportunities for monostable energy harvesters.

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