scholarly journals The Influence of the Mandibular Chin Angle on the Occurrence of Mandibular Condylar Fracture: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sunil S. Nayak ◽  
S. Arun ◽  
Abhay Taranath Kamath ◽  
Bharath Jaladhigere Lakshmanagowda ◽  
Eshita Dubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Reference Plane ◽  
Cerebral Aqueduct ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Fracture Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Condylar Fractures

Background. Condylar fractures are commonly associated with symphysis/parasymphysis fractures. Condylar fractures have been attributed to direct and indirect traumatic forces, the direction and magnitude of the forces, and the condylar anatomy. The chief aim of this study was to determine the association between the newly defined mandibular chin angle and the occurrence of condylar fractures. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study was conducted to analyze two-dimensional computed tomography (2D CT) scans of patients with a history of chin trauma. The outcome was a symphysis/parasymphysis fracture with or without fracture of the mandibular condyle. The Mediff InstaRISPACS web-based platform was used to measure the chin angle. The cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius in the corresponding 2D CT midsagittal image was the standard reference plane to measure the chin angle. The SPSS Version 20 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY) was used for data analysis. Results. The sample size included 120 2D CT scans of patients with symphysis/parasymphysis fractures (60 associated with condylar fractures and 60 without condylar fractures). The mean chin angle in the group without condylar fracture was 133.35 ± 3.87°, which was approximately 15° lesser than in the condylar fracture group (mean, 148.56 ± 5.49°), and these findings were statistically significant P < 0.05 . Conclusion. Individuals with a high chin angle are potentially at a higher risk of sustaining associated condylar fractures.

scholarly journals Effects of the condylar process fracture on facial symmetry in rats submitted to protein undernutrition

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucimar Rodrigues ◽  
Luciana Corrêa ◽  
João Gualberto de Cerqueira Luz
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Median Line ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Fracture Group ◽  
Facial Symmetry ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
The Right ◽  
Condyle Fracture ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements

PURPOSE: To investigate the facial symmetry of rats submitted to experimental mandibular condyle fracture and with protein undernutrition (8% of protein) by means of cephalometric measurements. METHODS: Forty-five adult Wistar rats were distributed in three groups: fracture group, submitted to condylar fracture with no changes in diet; undernourished fracture group, submitted to hypoproteic diet and condylar fracture; undernourished group, kept until the end of experiment, without condylar fracture. Displaced fractures of the right condyle were induced under general anesthesia. The specimens were submitted to axial radiographic incidence, and cephalometric mensurations were made using a computer system. The values obtained were subjected to statistical analyses among the groups and between the sides in each group. RESULTS: There was significative decrease of the values of serum proteins and albumin in the undernourished fracture group. There was deviation of the median line of the mandible relative to the median line of the maxilla, significative to undernutrition fracture group, as well as asymmetry of the maxilla and mandible, in special in the final period of experiment. CONCLUSION: The mandibular condyle fracture in rats with proteic undernutrition induced an asymmetry of the mandible, also leading to consequences in the maxilla.

scholarly journals Fixação interna estável de fratura condilar: relato de caso

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-545
Author(s):  
Janaina Soares Silva ◽  
Rejane Kelly Andrade Beiriz ◽  
Marcus Antônio Brêda Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Viana Bessa-Nogueira ◽  
Marcelo Marotta Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Condylar Process ◽  
Fracture Management ◽  
Open Treatment ◽  
Condyle Fracture ◽  
Condylar Fractures

As fraturas mandibulares são o segundo tipo de fraturas mais comum que acomete a face, e elas podem ter um impacto negativo na estética e anatomia facial, bem como causar problema em atividades cotidianas como falar e mastigar. Este artigo tem por objetivo relatar o caso clínico de um paciente vítima de agressão física, que apresentou uma fratura unilateral de côndilo associada à fratura oblíqua de sínfise. Paciente do gênero masculino, 32 anos, leucoderma, através das radiografias PA de mandíbula e Towne foram constatadas fratura da região de sínfise mandibular e côndilo do lado esquerdo. A escolha para o tratamento desta fratura, foi o tratamento cirúrgico com fixação interna da fratura condilar com sistema 2.0mm. Após sete dias foi iniciada a fisioterapia com espátulas de madeira para o restabelecimento de adequada abertura bucal, apresentando ao final uma recuperação satisfatória, sem intercorrências. O uso de placas e parafusos para o tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas de côndilo mandibular e sínfise se mostrou eficaz, resultando no sucesso cirúrgico com um pós-operatório sem complicações e no reestabelecimento funcional e da oclusão. Descritores: Fraturas Mandibulares; Côndilo Mandibular; Fixação de Fratura. Referências Bastos EO, Goldenberg DC, Alonso N. Acesso retromandibular transparotídeo: uma via simples, eficaz e segura para tratamento das fraturas de côndilo mandibular. Rev Soc Bras Cir Craniomaxilofac. 2009;12(1):10-5. Araújo CFSN, Braga PLS, Ferreira JDB. Tratamento tardio de fratura condilar: Relato de caso. Rev cir traumatol buco-maxilo-fac. 2013;13(3):17-24. Gois Filho DM, Amarante AS, Moura RQ, Dultra JA, Carneiro Júnior B. Uso do acesso retromandibular para tratamento de fratura bilateral de côndilo mandibular: relato de caso. Rev cir traumatol buco-maxilo-fac. 2013;13(1):29-34. Rodrigues CMC, Santos DM, Oliveira MMM, Silva MCP, Furtado LM. Tratamento conservador de fratura condilar alta: relato de caso. Rev Odontol Bras Central. 2019;28(85):87-90. Mendonça JCG, Bento LA, Freitas GP. Tratamento das fraturas de côndilo mandibular: revisão da literatura. Rev Bras Cir Craniomaxilofac. 2010;13(2):102-6. Ellis E 3rd, Throckmorton G. Facial symmetry after closed and open treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar process. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;58(7):719-28;729-30. Dantas BPSS, Fialho PV, Fernandes ACF, Silva DT, Queiroz CS. Fratura complexa de mandíbula: relato de caso. Rev Odontol Araçatuba. 2017;38(3):43-8. Trento G, Corso PFCL, Scariot R, Kluppel LE, Costa DJ, Rebellato NLB. Tratamento cirúrgico de fratura da cabeça de mandíbula com parafusos bicorticais: relato de caso. Arq bras odontol. 2014;10(2):12-9. Bagheri SC, Bell RB, Khan HA. Terapias atuais em cirurgia bucomaxilofacial. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 2013. Manganello LC, Silva Alexandre AF. Fraturas do Côndilo Mandibular: classificação e tratamento. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2002;68(5):249-55. Vieira WM, Siqueira OV, Scherma AP, Miranda LR. Fratura bilateral de côndilo mandibular: tratamento tardio e complicações. Rev Bras Cir Craniomaxilofac. 2011;14(2):115-18. Rampaso CL, Mattioli TMF, Andrade Sobrinho J, Rapoport A. Avaliação da prevalência do tratamento das fraturas de côndilo mandibular. Rev Col Bras Cir. 2012;39(5):373-76. Pogrel MA, Kahnberg KE, Andersson MA. Cirugia Bucomaxilofacial. Rio de Janeiro: Santos; 2016. Alencar MGM, Rebelo HL, Silva EZ, Breda Junior MA, Medeiros Junior MD. Tratamento de fratura complexa de mandíbula por abordagem transcervical: Relato de caso. Rev cir traumatol buco-maxilo-fac. 2015; 15(4):43-8. Rampaso CL, Mattioli TMF, Sobrinho JA. Rapoport Estudo epidemiológico das fraturas do côndilo da mandíbula. Rev Bras Cir Cabeça Pescoço. 2009;38(1):19-21. Ramalho RA, Farias Junior ON, Cardoso AB. Tratamento cirúrgico de fratura bilateral de côndilo associada à fratura de corpo mandibular: relato de caso. Rev cir traumatol buco-maxilo-fac. 2013;13(2):69-73. Kumaran S, Thambiah LJ. Analysis of two different surgical approaches for fractures of the mandibular condyle. Indian J Dent Res. 2012;23(4):46-68. Valiati R, Ibrahim D, Abreu ME, Heitz C, de Oliveira RB, Pagnoncelli RM, Silva DN. The treatment of condylar fractures: to open or not to open? A critical review of this controversy. Int J Med Sci. 2008;5(6):313-18. Choi KY, Yang JD, Chung HY, Cho BC. Current concepts in the mandibular condyle fracture management part I: overview of condylar fracture. Arch Plast Surg. 2012;39(4):291-300. Ellis E, Throckmorton GS. Treatment of mandibular condylar process fractures: biological considerations. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;63(1):115-34.  Iwaki Filho L, Pavan AJ, Camarini ET, Tondin GM. Tratamento das fraturas de côndilo mandibular: cirúrgico ou conservador? Rev cir traumatol buco-maxilo-fac. 2005;5(4):17-22.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional assessment of unilateral subcondylar fracture using computed tomography after open reduction

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathya Kumar Devireddy ◽  
R. V. Kishore Kumar ◽  
Rajasekhar Gali ◽  
Sridhar Reddy Kanubaddy ◽  
Mallikarjuna Rao Dasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Open Method ◽  
Condylar Fractures

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim was to assess the accuracy of three-dimensional anatomical reductions achieved by open method of treatment in cases of displaced unilateral mandibular subcondylar fractures using preoperative (pre op) and postoperative (post op) computed tomography (CT) scans. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 10 patients with unilateral sub condylar fractures confirmed by an orthopantomogram were included. A pre op and post op CT after 1 week of surgical procedure was taken in axial, coronal and sagittal plane along with three-dimensional reconstruction. Standard anatomical parameters, which undergo changes due to fractures of the mandibular condyle were measured in pre and post op CT scans in three planes and statistically analysed for the accuracy of the reduction comparing the following variables: (a) Pre op fractured and nonfractured side (b) post op fractured and nonfractured side (c) pre op fractured and post op fractured side. P <; 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Three-dimensional anatomical reduction was possible in 9 out of 10 cases (90%). The statistical analysis of each parameter in three variables revealed (P <; 0.05) that there was a gross change in the dimensions of the parameters obtained in pre op fractured and nonfractured side. When these parameters were assessed in post op CT for the three variables there was no statistical difference between the post op fractured side and non fractured side. The same parameters were analysed for the three variables in pre op fractured and post op fractured side and found significant statistical difference suggesting a considerable change in the dimensions of the fractured side post operatively. Conclusion: The statistical and clinical results in our study emphasised that it is possible to fix the condyle in three-dimensional anatomical positions with open method of treatment and avoid post op degenerative joint changes. CT is the ideal imaging tool and should be used on a regular basis for cases of condylar fractures.

scholarly journals MANDIBULAR CONDYLE FRACTURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 705-708
Author(s):  
Syed Ghazanfar Hassan ◽  
Dr. Salman Shams ◽  
Mujeeb Rehman ◽  
Suneel Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
The Common ◽  
Condyle Fracture ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Condylar Fractures ◽  
Department Faculty

Objectives: To analyze frequency, gender, age, cause of injury and type/locationof Condylar fracture among patients reported at Liaquat university hospital Hyderabad. Settingof Study: This study was conducted at Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty ofDentistry, Liaquat University Hospital, and Hyderabad. Period: 1st February 2013 to 31st January2015. Methodology: The statistics of 108 patients both males and females who had beenaffected with mandibular Condyle fracture were prospectively reviewed. Patient’s data includinggender, age, cause of injury, type of Condylar fracture were recorded on Proformas and thenprospectively analyzed. Results: Out of 108 patients 81(75%) male and 27 (25%) female wereaffected with mandibular Condylar fracture. The common age group was 2nd decade of life(11-20 years). Most common cause of injury was fall in 51 cases (47.2%) followed by RTA in43 cases (39.8%). Sub condylar fracture was most common type of fracture occurred i.e in56 cases (51.8%). Conclusion: Children’s are commonly affected with mandibular Condylefracture & fall was the most common etiology in our study sample that explains the associationbetween fall and Condylar trauma. The second common etiological factor was Road trafficaccident for Sub condylar fractures in our study sample.

Management of mandibular condylar fractures by the retromandibular approach – An evaluation of its complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Devakumari Shanmugam ◽  
Neil Dominic ◽  
Vijhayapriya Thanasekaran ◽  
Amudha Purushothaman ◽  
Dinesh Sridhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Mandibular Nerve ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Marginal Mandibular Nerve ◽  
Condylar Fractures

Background: Mandibular condyle fractures are commonly encountered in the practice of maxillofacial surgeon. Even though being a commonly seen fracture, the fracture condyle of the mandible demands meticulous diagnosis and a tailor made treatment plan for each and every patient. The treatment plan largely depends on the age of the patient and the displacement of the fractured fragment. This retrospective study provides an insight in to the management of fracture mandibular condyle by retromandibular approach. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications of the retromandibular transparotid approach in surgically operated patients with mandibular condylar fractures. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed by analyzing the treatment records of patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) by the retromandibular transparotid approach for seven years. Thirty-five patients who fulfilled the criteria were included in the study. Clinical parameters such as marginal mandibular nerve weakness, sialocele, occlusal derangement and decreased mouth opening were recorded during the first, fourth and twelfth weeks postoperatively. The retrieved data were analyzed for complications of the retromandibular approach in the management of mandibular condylar fractures. Results: In patients (N= 35) who underwent ORIF by the retromandibular transparotid approach, findings recorded at the end of the first week included 5 patients with sialocele, 2 patients with derangement of occlusion, 6 patients with restricted mouth opening and 1 patient with marginal mandibular nerve weakness. However, postoperatively, at the end of 4 weeks, the only complication observed was sialocele in 3 patients. Furthermore, at the end of 12 weeks, sialocele had completely resolved in all 3 patients, and they were free of complications. Conclusion: The retromandibular transparotid approach is a reliable and straightforward technique with manageable complications.

scholarly journals Application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for diagnosis and management of mandibular condyle fractures

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Pradip Acharya ◽  
G Ren ◽  
MR Jaisani ◽  
A Dongol ◽  
RP Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Condylar Head ◽  
Condyle Fracture ◽  
Condylar Fractures

 Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides precise imaging of temporomandibular joint anatomy without superimposition and distortion. CBCT is relatively a new imaging modality and used commonly in dental practice.Objective: The aim of this study is to present detailed imaging of   emporomandibular joint in case of condyle fracture using CBCT for its use in diagnosis, surgical planning and evaluation of treatment.Method: In our study, we evaluated 3D - CBCT (three dimensional Cone beam computed tomography) examinations of 18 patients with mandibular condyle fractures. All of the fractures in our cases were overlooked on CBCT, thus providing axial, coronal and para-sagittal imaging of condylar head including 3D dimensional volumetric images of the condyle and surrounding structures.Result: Out of 18 condylar fracture patient’s CBCT, 8 radiographs showed condylar head (intracapsular) fracture, 2 condylar neck, 8 subcondylar fracture. 13 condylar fractures were unilateral and 5 were bilateral fracture. 9 of the condylar fractures were not associated with the mandible fracture. Out of the 9 associated condylar fractures; 3 were associated with symphysis fracture, 4 associated with parasymphysis fracture, 1 associated with body fracture and remaining 1 associated with mandibular angle fracture. 6 of the condylar fracture showed no signs of displacement of the fractured part and among 12 displaced condylar fracture parts 8 medially and 4 laterally displaced recorded in CBCT. All of the patients were given treatment on the basis of CBCT diagnosis and the results obtained from it was clinical satisfactory without complaints.Conclusion: We concluded that CBCT is the latest sophisticated technology which provides clear image of condylar head without superimposition of other structures, presented supplementary information for a more effective diagnosis and management of mandibular condyle fractures. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 73-81

Revisiting the Natural History of Chronic Scaphoid Nonunions: A Retrospective Study of 20 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Terrence Jose Jerome
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Scaphoid Nonunion ◽  
Proximal Pole ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The natural history of scaphoid nonunion is the development of degenerative arthritis. A lot of information is still unclear about this progression. The purpose of this study is to analyze patients with scaphoid nonunions who had not received any kind of treatment and to assess the functional outcome. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study that analyzed the patients with chronic scaphoid nonunions between 2009 and 2019. None of the patients received any treatment. The age at the time of injury, examination, pattern of fracture, types of scaphoid nonunion, symptoms, and duration of nonunion were noted. Diagnosis was confirmed by radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Scapholunate and radiolunate angles were recorded. Pain score, modified mayo wrist score, grip strength, range of movement, and the functional outcome of these scaphoid nonunions were analyzed. A statistical correlation between the scaphoid nonunion presentations and the functional outcome was assessed. Results The mean age of the patients was 62 years (range: 35–82 years.). There were 17 male and 3 female patients. There were 9 waist and 11 proximal pole scaphoid nonunions. The mean duration of scaphoid nonunion was 34 years (range: 10–62 years). None of the patients had avascular necrosis (AVN) of the proximal scaphoid. The age at examination, gender, side of injury, fracture pattern (waist/proximal pole), fracture displacement ≤ 1 mm or > 1 mm, nonunion duration, and radiographic arthritic parameters had no significant impact on the functional outcome. Conclusions Untreated chronic scaphoid nonunion leads to the development of degenerative arthritis over a period of years, which is still unpredictable. Most of the patients become aware of the nonunion following a precedent injury or other reasons. Most of the patients have fair/good functional outcome despite reduced range of movements and grip strength. Many do not favor surgical intervention in the course of nonunion. Chronic nonunions open a lot of unanswered questions. Clinical relevance There have been numerous studies on the treatment aspects of scaphoid nonunion, with little knowledge about certain people with nonunion who did not have any kind of treatment. The demographics, clinical findings, and radiological parameters do confirm the progression of these nonunion to arthritis, but most of them had fair-to-good outcome throughout their life. It opens our thinking about the real need of treatment in such nonunions and raises numerous questions about the disease. Level of evidence This is a Level IV study.

LIRKIS Global Collaborative Virtual Environments: Current State and Utilization Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Marián Hudák ◽  
Štefan Korečko ◽  
Branislav Sobota
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Collaborative Virtual Environments ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Smart Client ◽  
Input Devices ◽  
User Input ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shared Virtual Environments

AbstractRecent advances in the field of web technologies, including the increasing support of virtual reality hardware, have allowed for shared virtual environments, reachable by just entering a URL in a browser. One contemporary solution that provides such a shared virtual reality is LIRKIS Global Collaborative Virtual Environments (LIRKIS G-CVE). It is a web-based software system, built on top of the A-Frame and Networked-Aframe frameworks. This paper describes LIRKIS G-CVE and introduces its two original components. The first one is the Smart-Client Interface, which turns smart devices, such as smartphones and tablets, into input devices. The advantage of this component over the standard way of user input is demonstrated by a series of experiments. The second component is the Enhanced Client Access layer, which provides access to positions and orientations of clients that share a virtual environment. The layer also stores a history of connected clients and provides limited control over the clients. The paper also outlines an ongoing experiment aimed at an evaluation of LIRKIS G-CVE in the area of virtual prototype testing.

Effect of Induced Incomplete Ossification of the Humeral Condyle on Ex Vivo Humeral Condylar Biomechanics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan M. Scheuermann ◽  
Michael G. Conzemius
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Condylar Fractures ◽  
Humeral Condyle

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an induced incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) lesion on ex vivo canine humeral condylar biomechanics. Study Design Nine paired cadaveric elbows were collected from mature dogs weighing between 20 and 25 kg. Left and right limbs were randomized to IOHC or normal groups. Limbs were prepared for mechanical testing; ligaments were preserved and an IOHC lesion was created. Elbows were potted, positioned into a biomaterials testing system at an angle of 135 degrees and axially loaded to failure at a rate of 30 mm/minute. Results Induced IOHC lesions reduced peak load (p = 0.02) when compared with an intact humerus. There was no difference between stiffness (p = 0.36) of intact humeri or humeri with an induced IOHC lesion. An induced IOHC lesion increased (p = 0.012) the probability of intracondylar fracture under load. Conclusion Cadaveric humeri are weakened by the creation of an intracondylar osteotomy and fractures secondary to induced IOHC are similar to spontaneous humeral condylar fractures. These findings support the hypothesis that naturally occurring IOHC weakens the humeral condyle and may predispose to humeral condylar fracture.

scholarly journals A single-centre, retrospective study of the incidence of invasive fungal infections during 85 years of autopsy service in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kátia Cristina Dantas ◽  
Thais Mauad ◽  
Carmen D. Saldiva de André ◽  
Ana Luiza Bierrenbach ◽  
Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infections ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
Aids Pandemic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Frequent Infection ◽  
Over Time

AbstractAutopsy continues to play an essential role in monitoring opportunistic fungal infections. However, few studies have analysed the historical trends of fungal infections in autopsies. Here, we analyse available data on fungal infections obtained from autopsy reports during 85 years of autopsies performed by the largest autopsy service in Brazil. All invasive fungal infections presented in autopsy reports between 1930 and 2015 were included. Of the 158,404 autopsy reports analysed, 1096 involved invasive fungal infections. In general, paracoccidioidomycosis (24%) was the most frequent infection, followed by candidiasis (18%), pneumocystosis (11.7%), cryptococcosis (11%), aspergillosis (11%) and histoplasmosis (3.8%). Paracoccidioidomycosis decreased after the 1950s, whereas opportunistic fungal infections increased steadily after the 1980s during the peak of the AIDS pandemic. The lung was the most frequently affected organ (73%). Disseminated infection was present in 64.5% of cases. In 26% of the 513 cases for which clinical charts were available for review, the diagnosis of opportunistic fungal infections was performed only at autopsy. Our unique 85-year history of autopsies showed a transition from endemic to opportunistic fungal infections in São Paulo, Brazil, reflecting increased urbanization, the appearance of novel diseases, such as AIDS in the 1980s, and advances in medical care over time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document