scholarly journals Data Research on Tobacco Leaf Image Collection Based on Computer Vision Sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Huadong Su

In the process of tobacco silk making, how to better improve the quality of stem and leaf separation has become an issue of concern. His research mainly discusses the data collected from tobacco leaf images based on computer vision sensors. In LM (Levenberg-Marquarelt) as a training function, the algorithm uses threshing effect samples for training and learning. This paper is aimed at extracting the shape characteristic parameters of tobacco leaves and obtains the shape parameters of the length, width, area, circumference, and roundness of the tobacco leaves. In this paper, boundary tracking is used to obtain the coordinate and direction information of the tobacco leaf boundary pixels in the image, which provides a basis for obtaining the subsequent extraction of tobacco leaf characteristic parameters. In the tobacco leaf grading system, the tobacco leaf feature parameter extraction module displays the geometric characteristics of tobacco leaf, such as length, width, area, aspect ratio, rectangularity, and color characteristic, hue H , saturation S , A channel, and B channel in detail through the computer vision sensor. Finally, the subjective and objective combination weighting method is used to combine and weight the indicators of the threshing effect of the first-level threshing machine, which not only considers the quantity of information provided by the indicators but also takes into account the subjective view of the experts, which increases the weight of the indicators, accuracy, and scientificity. The approximation accuracy of the training samples of the threshing effect prediction model based on the BP neural network LM algorithm is 99.495%, the approximation accuracy of the validation set is 96.535%, and the approximation accuracy of the test set is 98.392%. This research will greatly improve production efficiency and meet the enterprise’s requirements for high efficiency and low cost.

2014 ◽  
Vol 536-537 ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Ying Jie Meng ◽  
Li Xin Bai ◽  
Wen Jun Liu ◽  
Ming Wen Liu

In the research of identity recognition based on lip motion features, there are limitations for the existing algorithms of lip characteristic parameters extraction. This paper uses the strategy of lip static/dynamic geometric features fusion, designs the lip feature parameter extraction program based on interpolation, and implements the major aspects of processing algorithm of the program. The solution is based on the speaker's key six primitives spelling lip sequence image, firstly generates the lip key point coordinates in the image, then based on Lagrange interpolation obtains function curve coefficient of upper and lower lips' key points , lastly the two curve coefficients are combined to form lip motion feature information of human speaker's some specific sounds; Simulation results show that the extraction of characteristic parameters of the program not only have a high efficiency and availability, but also have the advantages of good storage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Ke Ren ◽  
Mengyang Hu ◽  
Xian He ◽  
Kaiyuan Gu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Weather change in high-altitude areas subjects mature tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to cold stress, which damages tobacco leaf yield and quality. A brupt diurnal temperature differences (the daily temperature dropping more than 20 °C) along with rainfall in tobacco-growing areas at an altitude above 2450 m, caused cold stress to field-grown tobacco. Results After the flue-cured tobacco suffered cold stress in the field, the surface color of tobacco leaves changed and obvious large browning areas were appeared, and the curing availability was extremely poor. Further research found the quality of fresh tobacco leaves, the content of key chemical components, and the production quality were greatly reduced by cold stress. We hypothesize that cold stress in high altitude environments destroyed the antioxidant enzyme system of mature flue-cured tobacco. Therefore, the quality of fresh tobacco leaves, the content of key chemical components, and the production quality were greatly reduced by cold stress. Conclusion This study confirmed that cold stress in high-altitude tobacco areas was the main reason for the browning of tobacco leaves during the tobacco curing process. This adverse environment seriously damaged the quality of tobacco leaves, but can be mitigated by pay attention to the weather forecast and pick tobacco leaves in advance.


2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Juan Hua Su ◽  
Feng Zhang Ren ◽  
Lei Wang

This paper analyzes the forming process methods of fin used in CPU chip to emit heat. The whole process is blanking, the first forging forming, the second forging (sizing), and trimming. The chamfer design of CPU fin blank is simulated by finite element analysis. The optimized chamfer 1.6 mm is available. Semi-enclosed cold forging of progressive dies is put forward. The newly designed transfer unit is applied, which unifies the merit of high efficiency of the progressive dies and the high material-using ratio of the project die. Quick disassembly structure is designed and pins are used as quick disassembly pins by means of ball bearing bushing. The unique processing of the shearing scrap structure is adopted when designing the inverted trimming dies. Compared with the traditional die, the mechanization and electrization are realized to increase the production efficiency and get highly precise CPU fin.


1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1619-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Ghabrial

Unusual cultural changes were observed when several bacterial and yeast strains were grown on a medium containing aqueous extracts of tobacco leaves. In 24–48 h incubation on such a medium, several dark-brown papilla-like structures developed on the surface of normally smooth colonies. Moreover, smaller dark-brown refractile globular bodies were observed in the medium in areas beneath and surrounding the microbial colonies with papilla-like structures. Attempts to demonstrate the viability of these globular bodies failed. The cultural abnormalities observed on tobacco extract medium were unique to this medium since they were not detected in a wide variety of culture media tested. The lowest concentration of tobacco extract (dry wt. basis), which is required for the development of this phenomenon, was determined to be 0.5 mg/ml of medium.


2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Mengyao Lu ◽  
Shuwen Jiang ◽  
Cong Wang ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Tian’en Chen

HighlightsA classification model for the front and back sides of tobacco leaves was developed for application in industry.A tobacco leaf grading method that combines a CNN with double-branch integration was proposed.The A-ResNet network was proposed and compared with other classic CNN networks.The grading accuracy of eight different grades was 91.30% and the testing time was 82.180 ms, showing a relatively high classification accuracy and efficiency.Abstract. Flue-cured tobacco leaf grading is a key step in the production and processing of Chinese-style cigarette raw materials, directly affecting cigarette blend and quality stability. At present, manual grading of tobacco leaves is dominant in China, resulting in unsatisfactory grading quality and consuming considerable material and financial resources. In this study, for fast, accurate, and non-destructive tobacco leaf grading, 2,791 flue-cured tobacco leaves of eight different grades in south Anhui Province, China, were chosen as the study sample, and a tobacco leaf grading method that combines convolutional neural networks and double-branch integration was proposed. First, a classification model for the front and back sides of tobacco leaves was trained by transfer learning. Second, two processing methods (equal-scaled resizing and cropping) were used to obtain global images and local patches from the front sides of tobacco leaves. A global image-based tobacco leaf grading model was then developed using the proposed A-ResNet-65 network, and a local patch-based tobacco leaf grading model was developed using the ResNet-34 network. These two networks were compared with classic deep learning networks, such as VGGNet, GoogLeNet-V3, and ResNet. Finally, the grading results of the two grading models were integrated to realize tobacco leaf grading. The tobacco leaf classification accuracy of the final model, for eight different grades, was 91.30%, and grading of a single tobacco leaf required 82.180 ms. The proposed method achieved a relatively high grading accuracy and efficiency. It provides a method for industrial implementation of the tobacco leaf grading and offers a new approach for the quality grading of other agricultural products. Keywords: Convolutional neural network, Deep learning, Image classification, Transfer learning, Tobacco leaf grading


Author(s):  
Е.И. Виневский ◽  
А.В. Чернов

Исследовано влияние параметров градиентного воздействия постоянного магнитного поля (ПМП) на интенсификацию процесса томления табачных листьев. Выдвинута рабочая гипотеза о том, что для стимулирования процесса томления листьев табака необходимо градиентное воздействие на них ПМП, возникающее в результате перемещения листьев относительно системы постоянных магнитов. Введено понятие приведенного коэффициента убыли влаги, равное отношению влажности обработанных листьев к влажности контрольных образцов – необработанных листьев. Установлено, что при использовании точечного градиентного воздействия ПМП на среднюю жилку табачных листьев частотой 0,3 Гц и продолжительности обработки в течение 115–125 с при высоте расположения магнитов 25 мм процесс томления листьев ускоряется на 28,8% в сравнении с контролем. При линейном градиентном воздействии ПМП на табачный лист с частотой 0,3 Гц процесс томления ускоряется на 4,7–15,5% в зависимости от продолжительности обработки (10–40 с). При увеличении продолжительности обработки до 80 с процесс томления листьев табака замедлился. Установлено максимальное ускорение процесса томления листьев табака: при точечном градиентном воздействии ПМП на среднюю жилку табачного листа частотой 0,3 Гц и продолжительности обработки в течение 115–125 с; при линейном градиентном воздействии ПМП на табачный лист частотой 0,3 Гц и продолжительности обработки в течение 55–65 с. The influence of the parameters of the gradient effect of a constant magnetic field (CMF) on the intensification of the process of languishing tobacco leaves is studied. A working hypothesis is put forward that to stimulate the process of tobacco languor, it is necessary to have a gradient effect on them of CMF, which occurs as a result of the movement of leaves relative to the system of permanent magnets. The concept of the reduced coefficient of moisture loss is introduced, which is equal to the ratio of the humidity of treated leaves to the humidity of control samples-untreated leaves. It was found that when using a point gradient effect of CMF on the middle vein of tobacco leaves with a frequency of 0,3 Hz and a duration of processing for 115–125 s at the height of the magnets of 25 mm, the process of leaf languor is accelerated by 28,8% in comparison with the control. When the linear gradient effect of CMF on the tobacco leaf with a frequency of 0,3 Hz, the languor process is accelerated by 4,7–15,5%, depending on the duration of treatment (10–40 s). In the future, with an increase in the processing time to 80 s, the process of languishing tobacco leaves slowed down. The maximum acceleration of the process of languishing tobacco leaves is established: for spot gradient effect of CMF on the mid-veins of tobacco leaf frequency of 0,3 Hz and duration of treatment for 115–125 s; a linear gradient in the impact of CMF on the tobacco sheet with a treatment frequency of 0,3 Hz and duration of treatment for 55–65 s.


Author(s):  
Е.Е. УЛЬЯНЧЕНКО

При производстве табачного сырья важную роль играет сокращение продолжительности сушки табачных листьев. Одним из способов интенсификации сушки свежеубранных табачных листьев является прием прорезания средней жилки (ПСЖ) листьев вдоль волокон. По результатам исследований 2019–2020 гг. была создана база данных табачного сырья, полученного при естественном способе сушки с применением приема ПСЖ, которая может служить информационным материалом для производителей табака. Проведена оптимизация процесса сушки табачного листа ПСЖ по показателям качества табачного сырья для расширенного диапазона сортотипов табака. Объектом исследований были сорта отечественной селекции, включенные в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений, допущенные к использованию: Самсун 85, Вирджиния 202, Юбилейный новый 142, Трапезонд 92, Трапезонд 204, Дюбек 33, Американ 287 и Крупнолистный Ильский (находится в стадии государственных испытаний). Критерием оценки эффективности применения приема ПСЖ на исследованных сортах табака являлся совокупный сравнительный анализ следующих показателей контрольных (без ПСЖ листа) и опытных образцов: уровень интенсификации сушки, показатели товарного качества, технологических свойств и химического состава полученного сырья. Установлено, что ПСЖ позволяет интенсифицировать процесс сушки в 1,3–2,46 раза в зависимости от сорта табака и положительно влияет на технологические свойства сырья, у большинства сортов увеличивается выход волокна и сохраняются объемно-упругие свойства. Динамика сушки оказывает влияние на изменение химического состава сырья. В процессе сушки за счет гидролизации солей никотина и его освобождения путем окисления кислородом воздуха уровень никотина в ряде образцов снижается в пределах 10–30%. Чем выше содержание никотина, тем выше крепость табака, грубее его вкус. Изменения углеводно-белкового соотношения в сторону повышения углеводов улучшают вкусовые характеристики сырья. По каждому исследованному сорту не удалось выявить закономерной зависимости его структуры и характера процесса сушки при ПСЖ с преобразованиями химического состава сырья. На основе анализа технологических и качественных показателей табачного сырья, представленных в разработанной базе данных по интенсификации сушки различных сортов табака с применением приема ПСЖ табачных листьев, можно планировать выбор оптимального способа сушки для каждого сорта табака, позволяющего повысить эффективность использования сырья и улучшить его качественные характеристики. In the production of tobacco raw materials, reducing the drying time of tobacco leaves plays an important role. One of the ways to intensify the drying of freshly harvested tobacco leaves is the method of cutting the middle vein (CMV) of the leaves along the fibers. Based on the results of research in 2019–2020, a database of tobacco raw materials obtained by a natural drying method using CMV reception was created, which can serve as information material for tobacco producers. The optimization of the process of drying the CMV tobacco leaf according to the quality indicators of tobacco raw materials for an expanded range of tobacco variety types was carried out. The object of research was the varieties of domestic selection included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, approved for use: Samsun 85, Virginia 202, Yubileyny novy 142, Trapezond 92, Trapezond 204, Dubek 33, American 287 and Krupnolistnyy Ilskiy (under state testing). The criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the use of CMV intake on the studied tobacco varieties was a cumulative comparative analysis of the following indicators of control (without CMV sheet) and experimental samples: the level of drying intensification, indicators of commercial quality, technological properties and chemical composition of the obtained raw materials. It is established that CMV allows to intensify the drying process by 1,3–2,46 times, depending on the tobacco variety and has a positive effect on the technological properties of raw materials, most varieties increase the yield of fiber and retain volume-elastic properties. The dynamics of drying affects the change in the chemical composition of raw materials. During the drying process, due to the hydrolysis of nicotine salts and its release by oxidation with air oxygen, the nicotine level in a number of samples decreases within 10–30%. The higher the nicotine content, the higher the strength of tobacco, it is coarser in taste. Changes in the carbohydrate-protein ratio in the direction of increasing carbohydrates improve the taste characteristics of raw materials. For each studied variety, it was not possible to identify a regular dependence of its structure and the nature of the drying process at CMV with transformations of the chemical composition of raw materials. Based on the analysis of technological and qualitative indicators of tobacco raw materials presented in the developed database on the intensification of drying of various varieties of tobacco using the use of CMV of tobacco leaves, it is possible to plan the choice of the optimal drying method for each variety of tobacco, which allows to increase the efficiency of using raw materials and improve its quality characteristics.


2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Tung Chang ◽  
Ting-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Yeong-Shin Tarng

This study aims at measuring the characteristic parameters of form grinding wheels used for microdrill fluting, whose wheel contours are specially made up of combinations of multiple curves. With the aid of the indirect duplication of wheel contours and by using computer vision, this paper presents a systematic process for the wheel contour measurement. The measuring process includes five sequential steps: the edge detection, the straight line detection, the contour separation, the circular arc fitting, and the circular arc angle evaluation. To test the proposed measuring process, a measuring apparatus was built, and experiments measuring the characteristic parameters of diamond grinding wheels used for microdrill fluting were conducted. It showed that the proposed measuring process was feasible to measure the characteristic parameters of certain form grinding wheels used for microdrill fluting.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1799-1807
Author(s):  
Xiufang Wang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yilang Liang ◽  
Guangcheng Fan ◽  
Xinyi Nie ◽  
...  

Magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transfer technology has attracted worldwide attention in recent years due to its mid-range, non-radiative, and high-efficiency power transfer. However, in regard to its practical applications, there are still some issues that need to be considered and studied with respect to coil design, such as coil structure, and parasitic parameter extraction. This paper investigated the characteristics of magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transfer systems with different coil structures, including circular coils and rectangular coils arranged in parallel. We calculated the magnetic field distributions and mutual inductances by subdividing the receiving coils and computing the magnetic flux density of each subdivision. The proposed analysis was validated by means of the finite element analysis and the experimental results. We investigated the effects of the coil's structure, and topological structures, on the power transfer efficiency. The results demonstrate that using circular coils in parallel is more advantageous than using rectangular coils.


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