tobacco extract
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Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Quan Shu ◽  
Shaolin Ge ◽  
Shouhu Xuan

This paper reports a plasma treatment (PT) method for improving the surface hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of cellulose in reconstituted tobacco paper-base. The absorption and infiltration rates of water droplets on PT-reconstituted tobacco paper-base-15s were significantly accelerated. Notably, the increased content of methylene and alkyl groups enabled the tobacco paper-base to absorb more useful substrates in the tobacco extract after plasma treatment. In addition, the tensile mechanical performance of reconstituted tobacco was significantly improved after plasma treatment, which indicated that the content of organic matter absorbed by the tobacco paper-base sheet was increased. Moreover, tobacco extract infiltrated on the surface of PT-reconstituted tobacco paper-base reached 37.7° within 30 s, while it reached 79.9° on the reconstituted tobacco paper-base. Finally, the mechanism by which the surface hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the cellulose in the tobacco paper-base were improved is discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
D Sumardi ◽  
M Bahariawan ◽  
R R Maulani ◽  
S Suhandono ◽  
C Novia ◽  
...  

Abstract Rice plants (Oryza sativa) are a significant food crop. Tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) can be beneficial and affect growth due to allelochemical content. The srudy aims to determine the effect of tobacco extract (N. tabacum) on the growth and yield of rice (O. sativa) Inpari-32 variety. The study method used the RBD as an experimental design. Three treatments with different concentrations of tobacco extract and one control with three replications. Growth variables were observed: growth rate, plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves, shoot and root dry weight, flowering age, and phytohormones. Observations of the harvest stage include the weight of stover, number of panicle seeds, the total number of tillers, weight of 1000 seeds, the ratio of the weight of filled grain, and productivity (tons/ha). The results showed that although not significant, tobacco extract treatment increased the number of tillers and leaves, the content of phytohormon IAA in the vegetative phase, the content of GA3 in the generative phase, shoot-root ratio, number of tillers, and accelerated flowering age. The implication of tobacco extract positively affects the plant growth variable and accelerated flowering age of rice variety (O. sativa) Inpari 32.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily S. Taylor ◽  
Grace F. Gomez ◽  
Elizabeth A. S. Moser ◽  
Brian J. Sanders ◽  
Richard L. Gregory

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of different levels of nicotine and tobacco extract exposure on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation and the inhibitory effect of the polyphenol epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) found in green tea. This study addressed the results of biofilm assays with EGCG and varying relative concentrations of nicotine and tobacco extract consistent with primary, secondary and tertiary levels of smoking exposure. Primary smoking exposure to nicotine has been demonstrated to significantly increase biofilm formation, while EGCG has been demonstrated to reduce S. mutans biofilm formation.Methods:S. mutans was treated with varying levels of nicotine or cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) concentrations (0–32 mg/ml and 0–2 mg/ml, respectively) in Tryptic Soy broth supplemented with 1% sucrose for different lengths of time simulating primary, secondary and tertiary smoking exposure with and without 0.25 mg/ml EGCG. The amount of total growth and biofilm formed was determined using a spectrophotometric crystal violet dye staining assay.Results: For both nicotine and CSC, primary exposure displayed overall significantly less growth compared to secondary exposure. For nicotine, secondary exposure demonstrated significantly greater growth than tertiary exposure levels. Overall, significantly greater total bacterial growth and biofilm formation in the presence of nicotine and CSC was observed in the absence of EGCG than in the presence of EGCG. However, biofilm growth was not significantly different among different concentrations of CSC.Conclusion: The results of this study help illustrate that nicotine-induced S. mutans biofilm formation is reduced by the presence of EGCG. This provides further evidence of the potential beneficial properties of polyphenols.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andi Eko Wiyono ◽  
Herlina Herlina ◽  
Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto ◽  
Mega Desy Safitri

Opaque soap is a solid soap product. It was made from a mixture of oil and the addition of alkaline compounds to form a saponification process. Solid soap preparations made with the addition of tobacco extract as an active ingredient that contains nicotine compounds, which include toxic alkaloids are weakly basic. In addition, tobacco extracts chosen to produce products that were beneficial to society. The purpose of this study was to provided wider use of tobacco and to know the characteristic of opaque soap preparations with the addition of tobacco extracts. The research method was a single completely randomized design (CRD) with descriptive analysis. In this study, the formulas of opaque soap were A0 (no addition of tobacco extract), A1 (1.2 g of tobacco extract), A2 (2.4 g of tobacco extract), and A3 (4.8 g of tobacco extract). The observed parameters were chemical and microbiological characteristics. All variations of opaque soaps had a pH of 9.51-9.77, water content of 13.15%-14.35%, free alkali 0.056-0.0584, antibacterial (E. coli inhibition zone proved by clear zone) about 8.60-21.50 mm; and nicotine levels 0-383.67 mg/100g. From the results due to chemical and microbiological characteristics, all of the opaque soap with additional tobacco extract was in accordance with the Indonesian National Standards (SNI 3532-2016) so that soap was safe for use by the public. Keywords: chemistry, microbiology, soap preparations, tobacco extract


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Vinícius Ferraz Nascimento

Spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) are species considered to be the main pests of forage grasses throughout Tropical America. In Brazil, Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) is the main and most limiting pest associated with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.). These insects have the potential to generate great economic losses for the milk and meat production chain, harming producers. Among the spittlebugs control tactics, the use of resistant grasses, biological control and the application of synthetic insecticides in adults are the best known methods. The use of synthetic insecticides is economically viable only when combined with other spittlebugs control strategies, but they are environmentally unsafe products, so it is necessary to research tactics that are less aggressive to the environment, socially viable and of low cost for mainly small farmers. In this context, the insecticidal and repellent action that plant compounds have against different insect-pest species stands out. Thus, the objectives of this research were to evaluate whether aqueous extracts of the aromatic plants A. sativum, R. graveolens, C. verum, C. citratus, S. aromaticum, I. verum, E. globulus, N. tabacum and T. vulgaris have an insecticidal effect on spittlebug nymphs and the choice of spittlebugs adults can be altered for elephant grass, by attraction or non-attraction, in olfactometry tests. In the first stage of the research, the insecticidal effect of the extracts on nymphs of M. spectabilis was evaluated. The results indicated that the tobacco extract was the most effective among all nine tested. At a concentration of 20%, after 48 hours, it reached an efficiency of 76%. Then, bioassays were carried out comparing 5 concentrations of tobacco extract (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and, 25%), where the extract in the concentration of 25% reached an efficiency greater than 92%. As for the extraction methods, the infusion and decoction methods were shown to be equivalent to the standard extraction method (UAE). Tobacco extract is recommended as a strategy to control M. spectabilis, at a concentration of 25%, with its extraction by infusion and decoction. In the second stage, olfactometry bioassays were performed. The combinations of aqueous extracts applied to the host plant were tested against fresh air and against the host plant without the extract. The aqueous vegetable extracts of tobacco, star anise and eucalyptus were not attractive for the M. spectabilis, and can be used as a management tactic in the case of elephant grass.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lalruatsangi

The over-dependence on chemical pesticides for the management of insect pest have an adverse effect on the environment and have been a matter of concern, so plant extracts which are also known as green pesticides can be an alternative source of chemical pesticides due to their safety, eco-friendly and many other properties. The current study aimed to study the different botanicals which are effective against some pest of important vegetables. The different types of plant extract used as biocides such as neem, garlic, tobacco, lantana, pongamia, khuksha, ginger and many others are being utilized to control and manage the pest or disease of different plants. The neem extract of different concentrations was found effective in controlling pest of vegetables like brinjal, okra, chilli and cabbage. Botanical like Eupatorium, the mixture of kerosene emulsion and pyrethrum dust, Pongamia extract, Lantana leaf extract, Tobacco extract and Garlic extract, seed extract of Annona squamosa act as a potential insecticide to vegetable pests and play an important role in the Integrated Pest Management for sustainable agriculture.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Nurtalia Barmawi ◽  
◽  
Mufti Amir Sultan ◽  
Muhmmad Yunus Hi Abbas ◽  
◽  
...  

Reinforced concrete structures that are destroyed due to corrosion attacks need serious handling. One method of preventing corrosion is by using an inhibitor. In this study, the inhibitors used were tobacco leaf extract inhibitors with variations of 0%, 4% and 8%. The method used to analyze the corrosion rate that occurs is the weight loss method. Tests carried out by providing electricity to the test object using a voltage of 5V. The results showed that the influence of the addition of tobacco extract inhibitors at concentrations of 4% and 8% was able to reduce the density of anodic and cathodic currents which resulted in a reduced corrosion rate in steel reinforcement. This proves that tobacco extract can be used as a green corrosion inhibitor because it effectively decreases the corrosion rate.


2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
A. K. Fajimi ◽  
T. O. Dauda ◽  
A. A. Taiwo ◽  
F. T. Ajayi ◽  
K. O. Soetan

The comparative efficacies of topical tobacco extract and flumethrin pour -on against the cattle tick Amblyomma variegatum was evaluated. Thirty Ndama cattle were divided into three treatment groups often animals per group viz: Flumethrin treatment group ; Tobacco treatment group 2 and the untreated control group 3, in a completely randomized design. Ticks were counted visually and by palpation of affected areas at 0.7, 21, 28 and 35-day period. Backline application of flumethrin was from the pole to the base of the tail according to manufacturer's instruction while application of tobacco was through the aid of cotton wool soaked in liquid tobacco extract. The flumethrin pour-on produced a significant reduction in tick count by the 21" day reaching as high as 100 %( 43.33 and 0) while the tobacco extract produced comparable result at a longer time of 35 days (46.22 and 0). The tobacco extract however maintained the protection against Amblyomma variegatum in the face of continuous challenge by injective tick larvae up until the 64" day post challenge. Significant re-infestation of ticks could be seen however in the flumethrin count 40 day post challenge. This confirmed the efficacy of tobacco in protecting cattle against tick, Amblyomma variegatum. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Andi Eko Wiyono ◽  
Herlina Herlina ◽  
Nidya Shara Mahardika ◽  
Cahyan Ferdie Fernanda

Liquid soap is a kind of cleanser made from a chemical reaction of the potassium salt of fatty acids. The distribution of soap with natural ingredients is rarely available on a market. One of the best options that can be used as a natural active ingredient of soap is a tobacco leaf. This study aimed was to the best treatment concentration of tobacco extract on the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of liquid soap. The formulations of tobacco extract were 5%, 10%, and 15% of base soap. The study showed that the addition of tobacco extract to liquid soap could decrease the viscosity, specific gravity, pH, and alkaline free. Meanwhile, the nicotine level and bacterial inhibition (clear zone) were higher. The best concentration of liquid soap was formulation with the addition of 5% tobacco extract, with characteristics of viscosity about 2498.1 cP, specific gravity about 1.0209 g/mL, the stability of foam about 180 mL/ 9 hours, foam power about 22.34 second, pH 10.14, alkaline free about 0.0824%, nicotine content about 128.69 mg/100g and the antibacterial of E. coli (clear zone) of tobacco liquid soap about 5.8 mm. Keywords: liquid soap, natural active ingredients, tobacco extract


Author(s):  
Niraj Babu ◽  
Shankargouda Patil ◽  
Sonali V. Mohan ◽  
Tejaswini Subbannayya ◽  
Jayshree Advani ◽  
...  

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