Filtration of Active Components with Antioxidant Activity Based on the Differing Antioxidant Abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus through UPLC/MS Coupling with Network Pharmacology

This study attempted to filter active components with antioxidant activities based on the differing antioxidant abilities of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus (SSF) and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (SCF). First, the antioxidant activity of SSF and SCF was evaluated through the DPPH free radical scavenging method and compared with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value. Next, components of SSF and SCF were detected by employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QEO/MS) technology, and differential compounds were screened out as potential antioxidant compounds by using Compound Discover 3.1 Software. After that step, in order to verify the antioxidant compounds, the network method was applied. Biological targets were searched in the GeneCards database, and that related to antioxidant ability were selected in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Finally, the pharmacology network was constructed. Results showed that SSF and SCF possessed different compounds and antioxidant abilities. A total of 14 differential compounds such as γ-schizandrin, schisandrin B, schisandrin, and tigloylgomisin H between them were screened out and identified. Twenty targets associated with antioxidant activity contained MAP2K1, MAPK8, RPS6KB1, PRKCB, HIF1A, and so on were investigated. Thirty-six pathways contained HIF-1 signaling pathways, choline metabolism in cancer, serotonergic synapse, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, and so on related to the above twenty targets were identified. The pharmacology network analysis indicated that the differential components may be helpful in treating various diseases, especially cancer, by exerting antioxidant activity. In conclusion, this study provided a novel method for identifying active components with antioxidant activity in SSF and SCF, and this method may be applicable for the filtration of bioactive components in other herbs.

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Metabolomic Profiling of Antioxidant Compounds in Five Vachellia Species

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26206214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (20) ◽

pp. 6214

Author(s):

Garland Kgosi More ◽

Stephen Meddows-Taylor ◽

Gerhard Prinsloo

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Modeling Tools ◽

Antioxidant Power

The genus Vachellia, previously known as Acacia, belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Leguminosae, which are flowering plants, commonly known as thorn trees. They are traditionally used medicinally in various countries including South Africa for the treatment of ailments such as fever, sore throat, Tuberculosis, convulsions and as sedatives. The aim of this study was to determine biochemical variations in five Vachellia species and correlate their metabolite profiles to antioxidant activity using a chemometric approach. The antioxidant activity of five Vachellia aqueous-methanolic extracts were analyzed using three methods: 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) analysis and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay by means of serial dilution and bioautography with the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method. Amongst the Vachellia extracts tested, V. karroo, V. kosiensis and V. xanthophloea demonstrated the highest DPPH, ABTS+ and FRAP inhibitory activity. The antioxidant activities of DPPH were higher than those obtained by ABTS+, although these values varied among the Vachellia species. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), coupled with multivariate statistical modeling tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were performed to profile metabolites responsible for the observed activity. The OPLS-DA categorized the five Vachellia species, separating them into two groups, with V. karroo, V. kosiensis and V. xanthophloea demonstrating significantly higher radical scavenging activity than V. tortilis and V. sieberiana, which clustered together to form another group with lower radical scavenging activity. Annotation of metabolites was carried out using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS), and it tentatively identified 23 metabolites of significance, including epigallocatechin (m/z = 305.0659), methyl gallate (m/z = 183.0294) and quercetin (m/z = 301.0358), amongst others. These results elucidated the metabolites that separated the Vachellia species from each other and demonstrated their possible free radical scavenging activities.

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TLC analysis and antioxidant activity of garden egg leaves

Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences ◽

10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.67s ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 443-448

Author(s):

U.A. Umar ◽

L.G. Hassan ◽

K.L. Maradun

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Thin Layer ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Solvent System ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Layer Chromatography

The Solanum melongena is used traditionally to treat different diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and inflammation. This study is aimed at investigating the thin-layer chromatography analysis and antioxidant activity of n-hexane, acetone and methanol leaves extract of Solanum melongena. Sequential extraction with solvents of increasing polarity was carried out using the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The thin-layer chromatography of the extracts carried out with different solvent system. Antioxidant activity was evaluated quantitatively using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) for its free radical scavenging ability. The results of thin-layer chromatography revealed some spots with Rf values in the respective extracts, n-hexane (0.31, 0.42, 0.59, 0.65, 0.72, 0.85, 0.92), acetone (0.97, 0.92, 0.88 and 0.59) and methanol (0.72, 0.83, 0.86, 0.94 and 0.96). The extracts exhibit strong antioxidant activities as radical scavengers, indicating that they have strong proton donating abilities. The results from this research show credence to the traditional application of the plant. Further research is recommended on the isolation and characterization of the antioxidant compounds from the plant. Key words: DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), Thin layer chromatography, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Antioxidant properties of selected culinary spices

Herba Polonica ◽

10.1515/hepo-2016-0003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 29-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marta Słowianek ◽

Joanna Leszczyńska

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Food Preservatives ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Radical Scavenging Ability

SummaryIntroduction: Seasonings added to food enhance its flavor and texture. Some of them can also extend their shelf-lives thanks to the presence of antioxidant compounds. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate twenty eight commercially available spices for the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. Methods: Total phenols were estimated according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined with DPPH assay. Results: Our results showed that the most of analysed spices are rich in phenolic compounds and demonstrate good antioxidant activity. The total polyphenol content oscillated around 0.9-155.1 mg GAE/g with the lowest value for sesame and the highest for cinnamon. The DPPH radical scavenging ability expressed as % ranged from 4.1% for sesame to 94.9% for cloves. Moreover, a moderate correlation (r=0.63, p<0.05) was reported between antioxidant activity and total phenolics, revealing that phenolic compounds are the important antioxidant components in the examined spices. Conclusion: The study shows also that a lot of spices can serve as food preservatives and, at the same time, have a beneficial effect on human health.

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Activity-Guided Isolation of Antioxidant Compounds fromAndrographis stenophyllaLeaf

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2010/879034 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 363-368

Author(s):

Neelaveni Thangavel ◽

Jayanta Kumar Gupta

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Acid Water ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Acetic Acid Water

The antioxidant potency of various extracts ofAndrographis stenophyllaleaf was evaluatedin vitrousing ferric thiocyanate method. Reductive ability and free radical scavenging activity of the extracts were also investigated. Amounts of phenolic compounds in each of the extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and compared to observe the correlation between antioxidant activities and total phenolic content. Methanol extract exhibited maximum antioxidant activity and was found to contain 2% of total phenolic compounds. Methanol extract was subjected to column chromatographic separation over silica gel G using ethyl acetate: formic acid: acetic acid: water. Fractions thus obtained were screened for their antioxidant activity. Among the eleven fractions screened, fraction C was more active than the standard butylated hydroxyanisole. Fraction C on further fractionation withn-butanol: acetic acid: water afforded two flavanoids namely acacetine and isosakuranetine. Fraction A was also shown to possess good antioxidant activity which was developed using TLC and indicated the presence of a terpenoid, Andrographolide. The structures of the isolated compounds were confirmed by UV, IR, MS,1H and13C NMR spectral data. This is the first report wherein Andrographolide, Acacetine and Isosakuranetine are isolated fromAndrographis stenophyllaleaf.

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In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Three Selected Dates from Tunisia (Phoenix dactyliferaL.)

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2014/367681 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Wissal Kchaou ◽

Fatma Abbès ◽

Hamadi Attia ◽

Souhail Besbes

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Food Additives ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay

Second-grade dates (Phoenix dactyliferaL.), with hard texture, from three selected Tunisian cultivars (Allig, Deglet Nour, and Bejo) were analysed from their antioxidant activities using DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP assay, H2O2scavenging activity, and metal chelating activity. Date extracts showed strong and concentration-dependant activity in all tested methods. The results showed that the best antioxidant activity was obtained in Allig, followed by Bejo and Deglet Nour. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, carotenoids, and tannins were determined spectrophotometrically in three date extracts. Results indicated that date contained significantly different amounts of these compounds. In fact, Allig presented the highest antioxidant compounds, followed by Bejo and Deglet Nour. Correlation analyses indicated a positive linear relationship between antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid content of date. This study demonstrates the potential antioxidant activity with Tunisian date, where we can use these natural extracts as food additives in replacement of synthetic compounds.

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Antioxidant activity of cookiessupplemented with sugarbeet dietary fiber

Sugar Industry ◽

10.36961/si11177 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 151-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marijana B. Saka ◽

Julianna F. Gyura ◽

Aleksandra Mišan ◽

Zita I. Šereš ◽

Biljana S. Pajin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Functional Characteristics

The antioxidant activity of cookies prepared by the addition of sugarbeet dietary fibers was investigated in order to estimate their influence on functional characteristics and shelf-life of cookies. Treated fiber (TF) was obtained from sugarbeet by extraction with sulfurous acid (75 °C at pH = 5.7during 60 min) and treatment with hydrogen peroxide (20 g/LH2O2 at pH = 11 during 24 h). The fiber obtained was dried (80 °C), ground and sieved. TF was investigated in comparison with commercially available Fibrex®. The cookies were prepared by the addition of 0, 7, 9 and 11% of sugarbeet dietary fiber as a substitute for wheat flour in the formulation of cookies. The antioxidant properties of cookies were tested every 7 days using a DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity test during 6 weeks of storage at room temperature (23 ± 1 ºC). The obtained results indicated that substitution of wheat flour with Fibrex® in the formulation of cookies upgraded the antioxidant activity, i.e. the functional characteristics of Fibrex®-enriched cookies and could prolong their shelf-life. In contrast, TF did not increase the antioxidant activity of TF-enriched cookies. The better antioxidant activities of Fibrex®-enriched cookies could be attributed to the presence of ferulic acid.

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Study of antioxidant potential in leaves, stems, nuts of Juglans regia L.

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2012.10.003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (10) ◽

pp. 79 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. Raja* ◽

Ivvala Anand Shaker ◽

Inampudi Sailaja ◽

R. Swaminathan ◽

S. Saleem Basha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Free Radical ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Juglans Regia ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Free Radical Damage ◽

Radical Damage

Natural antioxidants can protect the human body from free radicals and retard the progress of many chronic diseases as well as lipid oxidative rancidity in foods. The role of antioxidants has protected effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Primary sources of naturally occurring antioxidants are known as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Several studies suggest that regular consumption of nuts, mostly walnuts, may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress mediated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The role of antioxidants has attracted much interest with respect to their protective effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Juglans regia L. (walnut) contains antioxidant compounds, which are thought to contribute to their biological properties. Polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols concentrations and antioxidant activity of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. as evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, Nitric acid, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and total oxidation activity were determined. The antioxidant activities of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. were concentration dependent in different experimental models and it was observed that free radicals were scavenged by the test compounds in all the models.

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Study on the Sleep-Improvement Effects of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni in Drosophila melanogaster and Targeted Screening to Identify Its Active Components and Mechanism

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10040883 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 883

Author(s):

Yuxuan Liang ◽

Riming Huang ◽

Yongchun Chen ◽

Jing Zhong ◽

Jie Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Active Components ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Hemerocallis Citrina ◽

Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography

Hemerocallis citrina Baroni (HC) is an edible plant in Asia, and it has been traditionally used for sleep-improvement. However, the bioactive components and mechanism of HC in sleep-improvement are still unclear. In this study, the sleep-improvement effect of HC hydroalcoholic extract was investigated based on a caffeine-induced insomnia model in Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster), and the ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS) and network pharmacology strategy were further combined to screen systematically the active constituents and mechanism of HC in sleep-improvement. The results suggested HC effectively regulated the number of nighttime activities and total sleep time of D. melanogaster in a dose-dependent manner and positively regulated the sleep bouts and sleep duration of D. melanogaster. The target screening suggested that quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, caffeic acid, and nicotinic acid were the main bioactive components of HC in sleep-improvements. Moreover, the core targets (Akt1, Cat, Ple, and Sod) affected by HC were verified by the expression of the mRNA of D. melanogaster. In summary, this study showed that HC could effectively regulate the sleep of D. melanogaster and further clarifies the multi-component and multi-target features of HC in sleep-improvement, which provides a new insight for the research and utilization of HC.

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Characterization of Phytoconstituents from Alcoholic Extracts of Four Woody Species and Their Potential Uses for Management of Six Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Identified from Some Plant Hosts

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1325

Author(s):

Mohamed Z. M. Salem ◽

Abeer A. Mohamed ◽

Hayssam M. Ali ◽

Dunia A. Al Al Farraj

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Benzoic Acid ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Conium Maculatum

Background: Trees are good sources of bioactive compounds as antifungal and antioxidant activities. Methods: Management of six molecularly identified Fusarium oxysporum isolates (F. oxy 1, F. oxy 2, F. oxy 3, F. oxy 4, F. oxy 5 and F. oxy 6, under the accession numbers MW854648, MW854649, MW854650, MW854651, and MW854652, respectively) was assayed using four extracts from Conium maculatum leaves, Acacia saligna bark, Schinus terebinthifolius wood and Ficus eriobotryoides leaves. All the extracts were analyzed using HPLC-VWD for phenolic and flavonoid compounds and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid (BCB) bleaching assays. Results: In mg/kg extract, the highest amounts of polyphenolic compounds p-hydroxy benzoic, benzoic, gallic, and rosmarinic acids, with 444.37, 342.16, 311.32 and 117.87, respectively, were observed in C. maculatum leaf extract; gallic and benzoic acids with 2551.02, 1580.32, respectively, in A. saligna bark extract; quinol, naringenin, rutin, catechol, and benzoic acid with 2530.22, 1224.904, 798.29, 732.28, and 697.73, respectively, in S. terebinthifolius wood extract; and rutin, o-coumaric acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, resveratrol, and rosmarinic acid with 9168.03, 2016.93, 1009.20, 1156.99, and 574.907, respectively, in F. eriobotryoides leaf extract. At the extract concentration of 1250 mg/L, the antifungal activity against the growth of F. oxysporum strains showed that A. saligna bark followed by C. maculatum leaf extracts had the highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG%) against F. oxy 1 with 80% and 79.5%, F. oxy 2 with 86.44% and 78.9%, F. oxy 3 with 86.4% and 84.2%, F. oxy 4 with 84.2, and 82.1%, F. oxy 5 with 88.4% and 86.9%, and F. oxy 6 with 88.9, and 87.1%, respectively. For the antioxidant activity, ethanolic extract from C. maculatum leaves showed the lowest concentration that inhibited 50% of DPPH free radical (3.4 μg/mL). Additionally, the same extract observed the lowest concentration (4.5 μg/mL) that inhibited BCB bleaching. Conclusions: Extracts from A. saligna bark and C. maculatum leaves are considered potential candidates against the growth of F. oxysporum isolates—a wilt pathogen—and C. maculatum leaf as a potent antioxidant agent.

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In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Metaplexis Japonica Makino Extract and Derivatives

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.387 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 387-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bao Qing Wang

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Acid Test ◽

Acetone Extracts ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Antioxidant activities of acetone and ethyl acetate extracts from Metaplexis japonica Makino, one of famous medicine plants in the eastnorth region of China, named luomo in Chinese, were examined by a DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging assay and a β-carotene-linoleic acid test. In DPPH, the antioxidant activity of the acetone extracts, ethyl acetate extracts and derivative were IC50 were 313.21, 266.92 and 118.78μg/mL, respectively. In the β-carotene-linoleic acid test, IC50 were 285.09, 351.57 and 123.89μg/mL. It was concluded that Metaplexis japonica Makino and its derivatives might be a potential natural source of antioxidants .

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