scholarly journals Topical Applications of a Novel Emollient Inhibit Inflammation in Murine Models of Acute Contact Dermatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Si Wen ◽  
Mengke Sun ◽  
Li Ye ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Lizhi Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Cutaneous Inflammation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Stratum Corneum Hydration ◽  
Eczematous Dermatitis ◽  
Topical Applications

The benefits of emollients for eczematous dermatitis and psoriasis have been thought to be due to the improvements in epidermal function, including epidermal permeability barrier, stratum corneum hydration, and stratum corneum pH. We determined here whether emollient can direct inhibit cutaneous inflammation. Ear inflammation was induced by topical application of either 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). Either 1% hydrocortisone cream or the novel emollient was applied to the right ear of the mice 45 min and 2 hours after TPA or DNFB application. The untreated left ear served as untreated controls. Both ear weight and ear thickness were measured 24 hours after TPA and DNFB application. Topical applications of either hydrocortisone cream or emollient significantly decreased both ear thickness and ear weight in comparison to untreated controls. In DNFB model, hydrocortisone significantly lowered expression levels of mRNA for IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα, while the emollient markedly decreased expression levels of IL-1α and TNFα mRNA. In TPA model, both hydrocortisone and emollient significantly decreased expression levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα mRNA. In parallel, inflammatory infiltration was also reduced by topical applications of either hydrocortisone or emollient. These results demonstrate that this novel emollient can directly inhibit cutaneous inflammation in murine models of both acute irritant contact dermatitis and acute allergic contact dermatitis. However, whether this emollient could also alleviate eczematous dermatitis in humans remains to be explored.

Topical Applications of a Heparinoid-Containing Product Attenuate Glucocorticoid-Induced Alterations in Epidermal Permeability Barrier in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Si Wen ◽  
Jiangmei Wu ◽  
Li Ye ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Lizhi Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Clobetasol Propionate ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Stratum Corneum Hydration ◽  
Epidermal Permeability Barrier ◽  
Skin Surface Ph ◽  
Topical Applications

Introduction: Either systemic or topical glucocorticoids (GCs) can cause significant adverse effects on cutaneous structure and function. Although some products and ingredients can improve GC-induced abnormalities in epidermal permeability barrier, the efficacy is moderate. Prior studies in normal mice showed that topical applications of a heparinoid-containing product, Hirudoid® cream, improve epidermal barrier function by upregulation of epidermal proliferation, expression of mRNA for epidermal differentiation, and lipid production. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess whether topical applications of this product could prevent GC-induced changes in epidermal function in murine skin. Materials and Methods: One group of C57BL/6J mice was treated topically with 0.05% clobetasol propionate twice daily for 6 days, while another group was treated topically with Hirudoid® cream 30 min after each application of clobetasol propionate. Untreated mice served as normal controls. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) rates, stratum corneum hydration, and skin surface pH were measured using respective probes connected to an MPA5 physiology monitor. qPCR was used to measure the expression levels of mRNA for keratinocyte differentiation-related proteins and lipid synthetic enzymes. Results: Co-applications of Hirudoid® cream with GC minimally, but significantly, increased skin thickness in comparison to GC treatment alone (p < 0.05), in parallel with increased expression levels of mRNA for PCNA in both the dermis and the epidermis. Moreover, Hirudoid® cream largely prevented GC-induced elevation in basal TEWL (p < 0.001) and delay in barrier recovery (p < 0.05), accompanied by upregulation in the expression levels of mRNA for epidermal involucrin, HMGCoA, and SPT1. However, both stratum corneum hydration and skin surface pH were comparable in the skin treated with GC alone versus GC + Hirudoid® cream. Conclusion: Topical heparinoid-containing product can partially prevent GC-induced alterations in some epidermal functions.

scholarly journals Topical Apigenin Alleviates Cutaneous Inflammation in Murine Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Qiang Man ◽  
Melanie Hupe ◽  
Richard Sun ◽  
George Man ◽  
Theodora M. Mauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Irritant Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Cutaneous Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
Topical Applications

Herbal medicines have been used in preventing and treating skin disorders for centuries. It has been demonstrated that systemic administration of chrysanthemum extract exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether topical applications of apigenin, a constituent of chrysanthemum extract, influence cutaneous inflammation is still unclear. In the present study, we first tested whether topical applications of apigenin alleviate cutaneous inflammation in murine models of acute dermatitis. The murine models of acute allergic contact dermatitis and acute irritant contact dermatitis were established by topical application of oxazolone and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA), respectively. Inflammation was assessed in both dermatitis models by measuring ear thickness. Additionally, the effect of apigenin on stratum corneum function in a murine subacute allergic contact dermatitis model was assessed with an MPA5 physiology monitor. Our results demonstrate that topical applications of apigenin exhibit therapeutic effects in both acute irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis models. Moreover, in comparison with the vehicle treatment, topical apigenin treatment significantly reduced transepidermal water loss, lowered skin surface pH, and increased stratum corneum hydration in a subacute murine allergic contact dermatitis model. Together, these results suggest that topical application of apigenin could provide an alternative regimen for the treatment of dermatitis.

Role of Centella asiatica and ceramide in skin barrier improvement: a double blind clinical trial of Indonesian batik workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-593
Author(s):  
Sylvia Anggraeni ◽  
Menul Ayu Umborowati ◽  
Damayanti Damayanti ◽  
Anang Endaryanto ◽  
Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Stratum Corneum Hydration ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial

Abstract Objectives Batik dyes contain irritant chemicals that increase the risk of skin barrier disruption. This study aims to determine the effect of Centella asiatica and ceramide in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration of the stratum corneum and skin acidity (pH). Methods This was a double blind clinical trial of 30 Indonesian batik workers who suffered from skin dryness, but had no clinical manifestation of contact dermatitis. Subjects were given cream containing C. asiatica or ceramide that formulated and randomly labeled by manufacturer (PT Paragon Technology and Innovation). Both subjects and researchers were blinded to the type of the cream. Cream was applied to the hands and arms twice a day. Biological function of the skin (TEWL, stratum corneum hydration level, and skin acidity) was examined by Cutometer dual MP-580. Baseline was recorded in the first examination, followed by second and third examinations at two and four weeks after treatment. Results After four weeks treatment, there were significant improvement of C. asiatica application in evaluation of corneometer palmar (p=0.007; CI 95%), corneometer dorsum (p=0.001; CI 95%), and skin acidity dorsum (p=0.017; CI 95%). Ceramide application also gave significant improvement of corneometer palmar (0.038; CI 95%), skin acidity palmar (p=0.001; CI 95%), TEWL dorsum (p=0.023; CI 95%), corneometer dorsum (p=0.002; CI 95%) and skin acidity dorsum (p=0.011; CI 95%). There were no significant differences of C. asiatica effectiveness compared to ceramide in skin barrier improvement. Conclusions C. asiatica and ceramide can improve skin barrier hydration in order to prevent the risk of contact dermatitis in batik workers.

A transmission electron microscopic study of porcine stratum corneum treated with topical applications of glycolipid

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 266-267
Author(s):  
J. Laffoon ◽  
C. Lesch ◽  
C. A. Squier
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopic ◽  
Intercellular Region ◽  
Highly Hydrophobic ◽  
Topical Applications

The mammalian epidermis forms a differentiated surface layer termed the stratum corneum (sc) which represents the principal barrier. It is now known that the permeability barrier is located in the intercellular region of the sc and consists largely of neutral lipids derived from glycolipids that are aligned to form a highly hydrophobic structure. It is possible that this barrier might be augmented by topical application of pure glycolipid, which could diffuse through the regions between the squarnes. We have examined this possibility by treating the backskin of pigs with glycolipids and then preparing the tissue for examination with the transmission electron microscope (TEM).

scholarly journals Characterization of Permeability Barrier Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Cutaneous Field Cancerization Following Chronic UV-B Irradiation: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Skin Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3935
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Santiago ◽  
Jose Ramon Muñoz-Rodriguez ◽  
Miguel Angel de la Cruz-Morcillo ◽  
Clara Villar-Rodriguez ◽  
Lucia Gonzalez-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Field Cancerization ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Intact Mouse ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Stratum Corneum Hydration

Chronic ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation is known to be one of the most important hazards acting on the skin and poses a risk of developing photoaging, skin with cutaneous field cancerization (CFC), actinic keratosis (AKs), and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Most of the UV-B light is absorbed in the epidermis, affecting the outermost cell layers, the stratum corneum, and the stratum granulosum, which protects against this radiation and tries to maintain the permeability barrier. In the present work, we show an impairment in the transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration, and surface pH after chronic UV-B light exposure in an immunologically intact mouse model (SKH1 aged mice) of skin with CFC. Macroscopic lesions of AKs and SCCs may develop synchronically or over time on the same cutaneous surface due to both the presence of subclinical AKs and in situ SCC, but also the accumulation of different mutations in keratinocytes. Focusing on skin with CFC, yet without the pathological criteria of AKs or SCC, the presence of p53 immunopositive patches (PIPs) within the epidermis is associated with these UV-B-induced mutations. Reactive epidermis to chronic UV-B exposure correlated with a marked hyperkeratotic hyperplasia, hypergranulosis, and induction of keratinocyte hyperproliferation, while expressing an upregulation of filaggrin, loricrin, and involucrin immunostaining. However, incidental AKs and in situ SCC might show neither hypergranulosis nor upregulation of differentiation markers in the upper epidermis. Despite the overexpression of filaggrin, loricrin, involucrin, lipid enzymes, and ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 12 (ABCA12) after chronic UV-B irradiation, the permeability barrier, stratum corneum hydration, and surface pH were severely compromised in the skin with CFC. We interpret these results as an attempt to restore the permeability barrier homeostasis by the reactive epidermis, which fails due to ultrastructural losses in stratum corneum integrity, higher pH on skin surface, abundant mast cells in the dermis, and the common presence of incidental AKs and in situ SCC. As far as we know, this is the first time that the permeability barrier has been studied in the skin with CFC in a murine model of SCC induced after chronic UV-B irradiation at high doses. The impairment in the permeability barrier and the consequent keratinocyte hyperproliferation in the skin of CFC might play a role in the physiopathology of AKs and SCCs.

Imidazolidinyl urea activates mast cells via MRGPRX2 to induce non-histaminergic allergy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiapan Gao ◽  
Delu Che ◽  
Xueshan Du ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Huiling Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Local Inflammatory Response ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract Imidazolidinyl urea (IU) is used as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. IU induces allergic contact dermatitis, however, the mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) triggers drug-induced pseudo-allergic reactions. The aims of this study were to determine whether IU activated mast cells through MRGPRX2 to further trigger contact dermatitis. Wild-type (WT) and KitW-sh/HNihrJaeBsmJNju (MUT) mice were treated with IU to observe its effects on local inflammation and mast cells degranulation in vivo. Laboratory of allergic disease 2 cells were used to detect calcium mobilization and release of inflammatory mediators in vitro. WT mice showed a severe local inflammatory response and contact dermatitis, whereas only slight inflammatory infiltration was observed in MUT mice. Thus, MRGPRX2 mediated the IU-induced activation of mast cells. However, histamine, a typical allergen, was not involved in this process. Tryptase expressed by mast cells was the major non-histaminergic inflammatory mediator of contact dermatitis. IU induced anaphylactic reaction via MRGPRX2 and further triggering non-histaminergic contact dermatitis, which explained why antihistamines are clinically ineffective against some chronic dermatitis.

scholarly journals The role of CXCR3 and its ligands expression in Brucellar spondylitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hu ◽  
Xiaoqian Shang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Jiahui Fan ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Damage ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Abstract Aim Brucellar spondylitis (BS) is one of the most serious complications of brucellosis. CXCR3 is closely related to the severity of disease infection. This research aimed to study the degree of BS inflammatory damage through analyzing the expression levels of CXCR3 and its ligands (CXCL9 and CXCL10) in patients with BS. Methods A total of 29 BS patients and 15 healthy controls were enrolled. Real-Time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of BS patients and healthy controls. Hematoxylin-Eosin staining was used to show the pathological changes in BS lesion tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to show the protein expression levels of Brucella-Ab, IFN-γ, CXCR3, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in BS lesion tissues. At the same time, ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of IFN-γ, CXCL9 CXCL10 and autoantibodies against CXCR3 in patients with BS. Results In lesion tissue of BS patients, it showed necrosis of cartilage, acute or chronic inflammatory infiltration. Brucella-Ab protein was abundantly expressed in close lesion tissue. And the protein expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and CXCL10 were highly expressed in close lesion tissue and serum of BS patients. At the same time, the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and CXCL10 in PBMCs of BS patients were significantly higher than those in controls. Conclusion In our research, the expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and its ligands were significantly higher than those in controls. It suggested that high expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and its ligands indicated a serious inflammatory damage in patients with BS.

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