scholarly journals A Multicultural Demographic Study to Analyze Antibiotic Prescription Practices and the Need for Continuing Education in Dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari ◽  
Shahnawaz Khijmatgar ◽  
Rahul Bhandary ◽  
U. S. Krishna Nayak ◽  
Massimo Del Fabbro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Antimicrobial Prescription

Objectives. The objective of the study was to understand and analyze the prescription patterns of dentists across various demographic locations for managing oral infections and pain with antibiotics and explore the evidence-based practices by clinicians as well as the need for further education. Materials and methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out using an online questionnaire framed to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practices among dentists with varying levels of experience and qualifications, regarding antimicrobial prescription. The questions were validated from previous published studies that explored the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) with respect to antimicrobial prescription. In total, N = 300 of dentists from four different countries responded to the online questionnaire out of which 53% were specialists while 47% were general dentists. After data collection, descriptive analysis was carried out along with a one-sided hypothesis test to depict the power of the sample. Results. It was seen from the results of the study that the first-choice antibiotics for 67.8% of dentists were found to be the β-lactam group while sulfonamides and tetracyclines at 20% were the second most prescribed group. Another important finding was that 45.6% of dentists ignored hypersensitivity testing before prescription of antibiotics even though 83.3% of the total dentists interviewed were aware of the increase in antibiotic resistance. Conclusion. In conclusion, the dentists are partially aware of the guidelines but need further training and education on antimicrobial prescription that enables evidence-based decision-making for better practices and outcomes.

scholarly journals Do Clinical Experience Time and Postgraduate Training Influence the Choice of Materials for Posterior Restorations? Results of a Survey with Brazilian General Dentists

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 642-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Giacomelli Nascimento ◽  
Marcos Britto Correa ◽  
Niek Opdam ◽  
Flavio Fernando Demarco
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Rubber Dam ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Posterior Restorations

The aims of this study were to evaluate the materials available for posterior restorations and to assess whether clinical experience time and post-graduate training influence dentists' choices. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire with closed questions applied to dentists (n=276) of a mid-sized city of the southern Brazil. Information was collected regarding sociodemographic variables, level of specialization, time since graduation and working place. In addition, options regarding posterior restorations including the first choice of material, type of composite resin (if used) and use of rubber dam were also collected data. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis and the associations were evaluated using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests (α=0.05). The response rate was 68% (187). Direct composite resin was broadly indicated (73.2%) as the first-choice for posterior restorations. Most professionals used microhybrid composite (74.5%) and 42.6% of the participants used rubber dam for placement of posterior composite restorations. Dentists with more time of clinical practice used less composite (p=0.014). Specialists used more frequently rubber dam to restore posterior teeth than did non-specialists (p=0.006). The results of this survey revealed that direct composite was the first choice of dentists for posterior restorations; microhybrid was the preferred type of composite and the use of rubber dam for composite resin placement in posterior teeth was not frequent; time since graduation and level of specialization affected dentists' choices.

scholarly journals Preferences on Vital and Nonvital Tooth Bleaching: A Survey Among Dentists from a City of Southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Fernando Demarco ◽  
Marcus Cristian Muniz Conde ◽  
Caroline Ely ◽  
Eliana Nascimento Torre ◽  
José Ricardo Souza Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Choice ◽  
At Home

This study evaluated the preferences of general dentists regarding vital and nonvital tooth bleaching therapies and investigated whether the time of clinical practice and post-graduate training influence these options. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire with closed questions applied to dentists (n=276) of a mid-sized city of the southern Brazil (Pelotas, RS). Information was collected regarding sociodemographic variables, level of specialization and time since graduation. In addition, options regarding bleaching therapies including the first choice of material, technique and clinical practice for vital and nonvital tooth bleaching therapies were included. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis and the associations were evaluated using chi-square and Fisher exact tests (α=0.05). The response rate was 68% (n=187). At-home bleaching therapy was broadly preferred (78.1%) over in-office (21.9%) bleaching. For at-home bleaching, most dentists answered to use 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) (40.2%) and >30% hydrogen peroxide (HP) (31.7%) for nonvital therapies. The majority of dentists with post-graduation training preferred at-home bleaching techniques (p=0.003). At-home bleaching therapy was also more indicated by younger dentists. No association was found between the choice for nonvital bleaching therapies and time since graduation (p=0.532) or continuous education (p=0.083). In conclusion, at-home bleaching was preferred over in-office therapies; 10% CP and >30% HP were chosen as first option agents to treat discolored vital and nonvital teeth, respectively. The time in clinical practice and the level of specialization affected dentists' choices only for vital tooth bleaching treatment.

scholarly journals PREDICTORS OF UPTAKE OF A POTENTIAL COVID-19 VACCINE AMONG NIGERIAN ADULTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Oluwatemitope Olomofe ◽  
Victor Kehinde Soyemi ◽  
Bolaji Felicia Udomah ◽  
Adeyinka Olabisi Owolabi ◽  
Emmanuel Eziashi Ajumuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
P Value ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
The Face ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) pandemic is not abating and there is no approved treatment yet. The development of vaccines is hoped to help in addressing this disease outbreak. However, in the face of anti-vaccines uprise, it is important to understand the factors that may influence the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines as this will influence how successful the fight against COVID-19 will be in the long term.MethodsA cross-sectional study among 776 adult Nigerians (age ≥18 years) was conducted in the 36 States of Nigeria and the Capital City with online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 5 sections: socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, respondent’s knowledge of COVID-19, respondents risk perception of COVID-19, vaccination history of respondents, and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Descriptive analysis of variables was done and multivariate analysis using logistic regression was carried out to determine the predictors of uptake of a potential COVID-19 vaccine. The level of significance was predetermined at a p-value < 0.05. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21.ResultsMost of the respondents were male (58.1%). Most participants were willing to take a potential COVID-19 vaccine (58.2%), while 19.2% would not take it with 22.6% indecisive. 53.5% would prefer a single dose COVID-19 vaccine. For vaccine uptake, being male (p= 0.002) and the perception that “vaccines are good” (p< 0.001) were the positive predictor of uptake of a potential COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionMost Nigerians were willing to take a potential COVID-19 vaccine with the male gender and perception that “vaccines are good” being positive predictors. There is a need for public enlightenment aim at encouraging those that are indecisive or averse to receiving COVID-19 vaccines.

scholarly journals The Influence of Satisfaction toward Loyalty of Adolescent Consumers Mujigae Resto in Bogor City

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Fidaa Nafiisah ◽  
Moh Djemdjem Djamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Wave

As the globally popularity of South Korean culture called Korean wave is hitting around the world, Korean food has been drawing people’s attention and Korean restaurants have been developing in recent years. One of them is offered by a restaurant franchise called Mujigae Resto which can be found in many areas of Indonesia including Bogor City. This study aims to analyze the influence of satisfaction toward loyalty of consumers of Mujigae Resto in Bogor City. This study was a cross-sectional study design which used an online survey method. As many as 150 adolescents have participated in this survey. The sample criteria were individuals aged 16-18 years, residing in Bogor City, and had bought foods in Mujigae Resto at least two times in the last six months. The analysis included a descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation test, and hypothesis test with the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) program. The results showed that consumer adolescents in this study, generally, had a satisfaction in a moderate level and loyalty in a low level. Consumer satisfaction significantly affected consumer loyalty on Mujigae Resto.

scholarly journals SELF-PERCEIVED COMPETENCE OF NEW DENTAL GRADUATES IN PAKISTAN – A MULTIINSTITUTION STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-43
Author(s):  
Haroon Shahid Qazi ◽  
Kamran Ali ◽  
Josephine Cockerill ◽  
Daniel Zahra ◽  
Ulfat Bashir Raja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Graduates ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
The Uk

Objective: To investigate the self-perceived competence of house-officers from three dental institutions in Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Islamabad Dental Hospital, Fatima Memorial Dental Hospital and Islamic International Dental Hospital, from Jan to Dec 2018. Methodology: House-officers from three dental institutions were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study. A previously validated preparedness assessment scale was used to gauge the perceptions and experiences of the participants on a range of clinical, cognitive and affective skills. The results were compared to data from Dental Foundation Trainees in the UK. Results: In total 128 house-officers responded to the online questionnaire (18 participants were excluded due to missing data). All but four participants were in the 20-25 years age group (96.4%). The mean overall score of participants was 70/100 (SD ± 11.71). Self-perceived competence was reported to be low for clinical skills in radiography, crowns, cast-partial dentures and endodontics on multi-rooted teeth. Conclusions: This study investigated self-perceived competence amongst new graduates and provides information for comparison with data from Foundation Dentists in the UK. Pakistani House-Officers felt less prepared than Dental Foundation Trainees in 49/50 attributes. Several areas were identified where graduates from both countries may benefit from further education, training and consolidation. The findings may be of interest to dental educators and other stakeholders.Keywords: , , ,

scholarly journals The Effect of Social Isolation on Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5070
Author(s):  
Alessandro Porrovecchio ◽  
Pedro R. Olivares ◽  
Philippe Masson ◽  
Thierry Pezé ◽  
Linda Lombi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Logistic Regressions

The objective of this cross-sectional study is to analyze the changes in physical activity (PA) practice of a sample of 2099 French adults, mostly females, who answered an online questionnaire during the first COVID-19 lockdown (March–May 2020). A descriptive analysis of participants was performed using relative frequencies. Chi-squared tests were performed to compare the responses of selected variables. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed to compare the variations of PA with all the variables identified. The age of participants ranged from 18 to 88. Among people who practiced PAs before the first lockdown, the probability to keep practicing PAs is higher among those with a lower level of education, among housewives and retirees and among those who lived in cities of 10,000–19,999 inhabitants. For those who did not practice PAs before the social distancing, the probability of starting to practice is greater in those with a lower level of education and for those who suffered from a chronic disease. Our results place the emphasis on the complexity and multifactoriality of the changes that emerged during the first lockdown. The “education” factor emerges, as a significant determinant of PA that should certainly be explored further.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of medical students towards COVID19 in Sudan, 2020: A cross sectional study among 19 universities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radi Tofaha Alhusseini ◽  
Mohammed Alfatih Abdoalgadir ◽  
Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Rua Isameldin Bakhiet Mohamed ◽  
Monzer Omer Ahmed Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction: Since December 2019, an outbreak of severe respiratory infection (COVID-19) emerged in the city of Wuhan in China. It quickly spread around the world and is now a pandemic of epic proportions. Medical students are the future generation of doctors who will have to face this and any future similar catastrophe. The knowledge, awareness and practice of medical students toward Covid19 pandemic is of most importance as it demonstrates their preparedness to deal with this pandemic.Objective: To assess the knowledge, awareness and practice of medical students in 19 universities in Sudan about COVID 19.Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study done in 19 universities which have medical schools in Sudan. Data from at least 100 medical students from each university was included in the study. Data was collected using an online questionnaire in April 2020.Results: 2603 medical students from 19 universities were included. Overall good knowledge and practice were demonstrated by the medical students (88.9%) and (78.6%), respectively. Respondents answered that the most common clinical symptoms of COVID-19 were fever (51.9%), dry cough (40.5%). The main combination of clinical symptoms was dry cough, fatigue and fever in (27.7%), and the first initial symptom was headache (48.4%.).(60.2%) wear medical masks, (94.9%) said that avoiding crowded places protects against the spread of Covid19. (50.9%) have confidence that Sudan can win the battle against the COVID-19 with (48.6%) amongst males and (52.2%) amongst females. 69.0% agreed that COVID-19 will finally be successfully controlled.Conclusion: This study showed that medical students in Sudan demonstrated excellent Knowledge and good practice toward Covid19.Recommendations: Although the results were very positive, further education and awareness should be carried out to increase the preparedness of medical students towards such pandemics and public health modules should also focus more on the importance of the knowledge of newly emerging diseases and the practices toward them.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health & wellbeing among home-quarantined Bangladeshi students: A cross-sectional pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid Hasan Khan ◽  
Mst. Sadia Sultana ◽  
Sahadat Hossain ◽  
M Tasdik Hasan ◽  
Helal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background: COVID-19 is imposing threat both on physical and mental health since its outbreak. Bangladesh adopted lockdown strategy with potential consequences on day to day life, mental and physical health and this study aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and wellbeing among Bangladeshi students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 9th and 23th April 2020 among 505 college and university students. Data was collected by using online questionnaire including DASS 21 and IES. Descriptive analysis and bivariate linear regression were performed to examine the association of variables. Results: 28.5 % of the respondents had stress, 33.3% anxiety, 46.92% depression from mild to extremely severe, according to DASS 21 and 69.31% had event-specific distress from mild to severe in terms of severity according to IES. Perceiving physical symptoms as COVID-19 was significantly associated with DASS stress subscale (B=3.71, 95% CI: 1.01 to 6.40), DASS anxiety subscale (B= 3.95, 95% CI: 1.95 to 5.96), DASS depression subscale (B=3.82, 95% CI: 0.97 to 6.67) and IES scale (B=7.52, 95% CI: 3.58 to 11.45). Additionally, fear of infection, financial uncertainty, inadequate food supply, absence of physical exercise and limited or no recreational activity had significant association with stress, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic symptoms. Conclusion: This COVID-19 outbreak imposes psychological consequences on people to a great extent which requires attention from the concerned authorities to cope with this situation mentally. The perception about the outbreak can also play a big role in psychological impact.

scholarly journals Skills, attitudes and uptake of evidence-based practice: a cross-sectional study of chiropractors in the Swedish Chiropractic Association

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Leach ◽  
Per J. Palmgren ◽  
Oliver P. Thomson ◽  
Gary Fryer ◽  
Andreas Eklund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Chiropractic Practice ◽  
Quality Health

Abstract Background Evidence-based practice (EBP) is integral to the delivery of high-quality health care. Chiropractic has been a licensed health profession in Sweden since 1989, but little is known of the uptake of EBP in this professional group. This study explored the self-reported skills, attitudes and uptake of EBP, and the enablers and barriers of EBP uptake, among licensed chiropractors in Sweden. Methods Licensed chiropractors (n = 172) of the Swedish Chiropractic Association (Legitimerade Kiropraktorers Riksorganisation) were invited to participate in an anonymous online questionnaire, using the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude and Utilisation Survey (EBASE) in February 2019. Results Fifty-six (33%) chiropractors completed the survey. Participants were predominantly male, aged 30–49 years, held a Master’s degree, and had received their highest qualification and practiced chiropractic for over a decade. Chiropractors rated their EBP skill-level mostly in the moderate to moderate-high range. The majority of chiropractors reported positive attitudes towards EBP, with most agreeing or strongly agreeing that EBP is necessary in the practice of chiropractic, and that EBP assists in making decisions about patient care. Chiropractors reported an average level of engagement in EBP activities. All participants indicated professional literature and research findings were useful in their day-to-day chiropractic practice. The main perceived enabler of EBP uptake was internet access in the workplace, whereas the main barrier to EBP uptake was lack of clinical evidence in chiropractic. Conclusions Participating chiropractors of the Swedish Chiropractic Association were generally favourable of EBP, though only reported modest levels of EBP-related skills and engagement in EBP activities. Our findings suggest future studies investigating interventions focussed on improving chiropractors’ skills and uptake of EBP are warranted.

scholarly journals Validation of a Physical Activity and Health Questionnaire Evaluating Knowledge of WHO Recommendations among Colombians

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3526
Author(s):  
Sandra Milena Moreno-Lavaho ◽  
María Mendoza-Muñoz ◽  
José C. Adsuar ◽  
Jorge Carlos-Vivas ◽  
Jorge Rojo-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Knowledge of physical activity (PA) can be considered a predictor of public health for society. Thus, this study aims to show content validity of the “Knowledge Questionnaire on World Health Organization (WHO) Recommendations on PA and Health” (CUAFYS-A) and reference values on adults’ knowledge of the WHO recommendations on PA. This is a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, in which 579 adults completed an online questionnaire with demographic data. The questionnaire was made up of 9 items to measure PA related to knowledge. For the elaboration of the items of the questionnaire a disciplinary team formed it and for the analysis of results, a descriptive analysis of these was applied. Then an inferential analysis was performed, content validity, construct validity, and reliability were analyzed. The CUAFYS-A after its content analysis, obtained appropriate results in terms of pertinence and relevance; additionally, it showed Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.62. Thereby, it was concluded the CUAFYS-A questionnaire proved to be a valid and reliable instrument to show reference values and to evaluate the knowledge of adults of PA and health according to the WHO recommendations.

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