scholarly journals How and When Factors of Agricultural Contribution Influence Urbanization: A Historical Analysis of Tibet

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Song Liu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Fangzhou Ni ◽  
Chunshan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Variance Decomposition ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Rural Transformation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Urban Rural

Agriculture Powers Urbanization. How and when agriculture influences urbanization in underdeveloped regions remain poorly understood from an agricultural contribution perspective, specifically the food contribution (FDC), raw materials contribution (MLC), labor contribution (LRC), and market contribution (MTC). This study investigated this issue in the context of Tibet. A Granger causality test (GCT), the impulse response function (IRF), and variance decomposition (VD) were used. The GCT results demonstrated that agricultural contribution factors (ACFs), Granger-cause urbanization, and the IRF and VD results demonstrated that the influences of ACFs on urbanization were various and asynchronous. Both MTC and LRC quickly and positively respond to urbanization; however, LRC currently influences urbanization, whereas MTC influences urbanization currently and in the future. Both MLC and FDC negatively and slowly respond to urbanization; however, MLC currently influences urbanization, whereas FDC will influence urbanization in the future. This study’s findings depict changing trajectories of the role of ACFs in urbanization, elucidating urban–rural transformation.

The Linkage between Chittagong Stock Market and Dhaka Stock Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahidullah Tasfiq ◽  
◽  
Nasrin Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Variance Decomposition ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Variance Decomposition Analysis

This paper aims at determining the relationship between the two domestic stock markets of Bangladesh – the Chittagong Stock Market (CSE) and the Dhaka Stock Market (DSE). The daily stock price indices that represent the performance of the two stock markets are collected. In order to find out the interdependent relationship, the Engle-Granger Cointegration test, Granger Causality test, Impulse Response Function, and Variance Decomposition Analysis are employed in this paper. The main finding of this study is that both the stock markets are related in the long run. However, there is a one-way short-run effect from the DSE on the CSE market. The CSE market quickly responds to the shock in the DSE market. But, the DSE market is not responsive to the CSE market. The variance decomposition analysis shows that most of the shocks in the CSE market are explained by its own market. On the other hand, a small number of shocks in the DSE market are explained by the CSE market as well as its own market.

Empirical relationship between workers' remittances and financial development (an ARDL cointegration approach for Sri Lanka)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1381-1402
Author(s):  
Ahamed Lebbe Mohamed Aslam ◽  
Selliah Sivarajasingham
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Impulse Response ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this study aims to investigate the nature of the relationship between workers' remittances and financial development (FD) in Sri Lanka for the period from 1975 to 2017.Design/methodology/approachThis study used both the exploratory data analysis and inferential data analysis (IDA) techniques to test the objective of this study. The IDA technique consisted of the augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) and Phillips–Perron unit root tests, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds cointegration technique, the Granger causality test and impulse response function analysis.FindingsThe unit root test results show that the variables are in mixed order. The empirical results of cointegration confirm that workers' remittances have a beneficial long-run relationship with FD in Sri Lanka. The Granger causality test result indicates that there is a bidirectional relationship between workers' remittances and FD. The impulse response analysis indicates that a positive shock to workers' remittance has an immediate significant positive impact on the FD of up to 10 years.Practical implicationsThe analytical techniques used in this study explain how workers' remittances induce FD in Sri Lanka.Originality/valueThis study fills an important gap in the academic literature by using newly developed ARDL bounds cointegration techniques in Sri Lanka, by using impulse response function analysis, and by studying the dynamic relationship between workers' remittances and FD using time series data.

scholarly journals When The Last Tree Dies, The Last Man Dies: Do Forests Hold The Key To Survival In Ghana? A Critical Analysis Using The Bootstrapped Rolling Window Granger Causality Test Approach

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kaku Minlah ◽  
Xibao Zhang ◽  
Philipine Nelly Ganyoh ◽  
Ayesha Bibi
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Rolling Window

Abstract This paper investigates the role of forests in the life expectancy of people in Ghana. We test whether the extinction of forests will inevitably lead to extinction of people in Ghana. We first examined the causal relationship between life expectancy and deforestation using the full sample bootstrap Granger causality test approach and find causality to run from deforestation to life expectancy with no feedback from life expectancy to deforestation. Testing for parameter stability, we found the short run and long run parameters of the estimated Vector Auto Regressive models to be unstable. A time-varying approach, the rolling window bootstrapped Granger causality test was then employed to investigate the causal relationship between life expectancy and deforestation. The results showed that deforestation has a negative effect on life expectancy, confirming the widely accepted saying that the health of forests is inextricably linked to the health of mankind. The empirical results further show that, on trend higher life expectancy increases the rate of deforestation in Ghana. Highlighting the importance of the role of forests in influencing life expectancy in Ghana, we recommend awareness creation on the role of forests in supporting human life and also extensive afforestation programs to reduce the rate of deforestation in Ghana. This, we believe, will reduce the spread of vector borne diseases such as malaria and reduce the surge in respiratory diseases which shorten the life span of Ghanaians.JEL codesQ23, Q50, Q53, Q58, Q58

scholarly journals Hubungan Interaktif Antara Harga Logam Mulia dan Jakarta Islamic Stock Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Roni Padliansyah ◽  
Ahmad Juliana ◽  
La Ode Hasiara
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Variance Decomposition ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Economic Journal ◽  
Unit Unit

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi jangka panjang dan jangka pendek antara harga logam mulia yang terdiri dari emas, perak, platinum, paladium, dan Jakarta Islamic Stock Index (JKII). Data yang digunakan adalah data harian periode tanggal 2/2/2014 sampai dengan tanggal 29/4/2019. Data JKII di peroleh dari YahooFinance, dan untuk harga logam mulia dari Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ) database. Uji Ko-integrasi Johanson (Johanson co-integration test), uji kausalitas Granger (Granger causality test), respos impuls (Impulse response analysis), dan variance decomposition method digunakan untuk mengklarifikasi korelasi jangka panjang dan jangka pendek antara kelima variable. Berdasarkan hasil uji akar unit (unit root test) yang dilakukan memperlihatkan bahwa seluruh variable stasioner pada diferensial orde pertama. Uji ko-integrasi Johansen menunjukkan tidak satupun variable yang berkointegrasi dalam periode jangka panjang. Uji kausalitas Granger menunjukan bahwa emas dan paladium menunjukan hubungan kausalitas dua arah dengan JKII, sedangkan untuk perak dan platinum hanya menunjukan hubungan kausalitas satu arah yang berarti setiap perubahan JKII akan berpengaruh terhadap harga perak dan platinum. Hasil analisis impulse respons, dan variance decomposition method menunjukkan effek dari setiap variable terhadap variable lainnya hanya terdapat pada periode 1 sampai dengan 5 dan menghilang pada periode selanjutnya atau hanya hubungan jangka pendek. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi akademisi, praktisi yang bertindak sebagai manajer portofolio, dan pembuat kebijakan. Implikasi ini terkait dengan manajemen risiko portofolio, manfaat diversifikasi, dan untuk mengusulkan alat investasi baru, yaitu pasar saham syariah di Indonesia.

Influence of mission and vision on the state development: a case of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Yousaf
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
State Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Future

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of mission and vision in the process of state development. Using the case of Pakistan, it will be argued that state organizations do not develop and find the right direction without outlining a clear mission and vision which will be beneficial to all citizens, who are the real stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach – Yin (2003) and Baxter and Jack (2008) argue that case study is an enriched method to explore a complex relationship. The complex relationship may be understood better by qualitative methods than quantitative. Following their suggestion, case study method will be adopted to understand the relationship between the mission and vision and state development. In this study, Pakistan will be used as a case. Moreover, the technique of historical analysis will be employed to understand this relationship. Historical analysis is important because the repercussions of current actions can only be evaluated in the future. Findings – The paper shows the importance of “mission and vision” for state development. Using Pakistan as the case, it is argued that a state can lose its direction without having a clear mission and vision. It is further contended that it is not erection of institutions or verbal/written pronouncements and slogans, but a strong commitment to the mission and the vision brings the required change, which helps to develop a state. In the future research, the researcher can further examine the role of mission and vision in relation to state development. Research limitations/implications – The limitation of this study is that it has only focussed on the leadership and politics of Pakistan. In the future, a comparative study investigation may be useful. Practical implications – The research is useful for political leaders, political scientists and public management researchers. Originality/value – The research is unique and original that it evaluates the role of leadership and the development of the state from the perspective of mission and vision, which has not been done in the earlier research. Moreover, the paper elaborates the concept of state development.

Harmonious Development of Coastal Ports and Port City Manufacturing Technology Economy in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Zhao Dan Wu ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Zheng Gang Huo
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Harmonious Development ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Port Construction

This paper introduces the Granger causality test to the analysis of the relationship between coastal ports and port cities manufacturing technology economy in China, verifying the role of coastal ports in promoting the port city economy not having yet been full. The development of Chinese coastal ports efficiency since 2000 to 2009 is analyzed through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which can be concluded that the technical efficiency reached low in the decade. Especially after 2004 most of the coastal ports were inefficient, and most of the inefficiency, which increased in the size, came from pure technical and scale inefficiency. On this basis, this paper analyzes the problems of the present port construction in China, and puts forward the countermeasures of its harmonious development.

The Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Shibor as a Market Benchmark Interest Rate

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 1016-1019
Author(s):  
Zhi Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Response Function ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Variance Decompositions

In this paper, we established Granger causality test, VAR model, impulse response function and variance decompositions to observe Shibor whether possess of four properties as the benchmark interest rate of the marketability, stability, correlation ,fundamentality. Conclusion Shibor as money market benchmark interest rates on various aspects of the performance is better, however, compared with Chibor foundational aspects needs to be improved, and easily influenced by Exchange rate suggests that stability is insufficient.

scholarly journals Health Expenditure, Institutions, and Economic Growth: Insights From Selected MENA Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Umar Faruk ◽  
Mohammad Imdadul Haque ◽  
Mohammad Rumzi Tausif ◽  
Md Riyazuddin Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Health Investments ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Health expenditure plays an important role in nation-building. Moreover, the current wave of the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the importance of health investments in maintaining a healthier economy across the world. Quite a significant number of empirical research undertaken on the relationship between health expenditure and economic growth produce mixed results. The study plans to study the relationship between health expenditure and economic growth and the role of institutions in causing health expenditure to promote growth. The study analyses this relationship using the case of seven selected MENA countries between 2000 and 2017. The Pedroni cointegration test reports a long-run cointegrating relationship between the variables. However, the Granger Causality test finds no casual relationships between health expenditure and economic growth. The study further applies panel OLS, FMOLS, and DOLS, and the result from all three models shows that health expenditure does not directly contribute to higher economic growth in the MENA countries. The study argues that this is possibly due to inadequate institutional quality. However, it is understandable that there must be indirect effects of health expenditure on economic growth through better human capital. Finally, the study discusses policy options to improve institutional quality indicators to tap the benefits and contribute positively to economic growth in the region.

scholarly journals Fiscal Policy, Monetary Policy and Price Volatility: Evidence from an Emerging Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Le Thanh Tung
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Vietnam is an Asian emerging country, which now is ranked in the group of the fastest-gro- wing economies worldwide. However, this economy has faced galloping inflation in recent years. So the Vietnamese experience is a valuable reference for the policymakers in the developing world in order to successfully control price volatility. Our study applies the Vector autoregressive method, the Johansen cointegration test, and the Granger causality test to examine the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on price volatility in Vietnam with a quarterly data sample collected over the period from 2004 to 2018. The study results confirm the existence of a long-term cointegration relationship between these policies and price volatility in Vietnam. Besides, the variance decomposition and impulse response function also show that the impact of these policies on inflation is clear, however, the fiscal policy more strongly affects inflation than the monetary policy. Finally, the Granger causality test also indicates one-way causality relationships from the government expenditure as well as the exchange rate to price volatility in the study period.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document