scholarly journals Clear Aligners in Patients with Amelogenesis and Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nozha M. Sawan
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Functional Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
High Level ◽  
Removable Appliances ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Clear Aligner

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) are hereditary abnormalities of dental hard tissues. Dental abnormalities may also be accompanied by symptoms of disorders such as osteogenesis imperfecta. AI and DI have a significant burden on socializing, function, and comfort; therefore, frequent screening and accurate diagnosis is the cornerstone of managing such conditions. Both AI and DI could be treated with many strategies, including restorative, prosthetic, periodontal, surgical, and orthodontics treatment. The interdisciplinary combination of orthodontic, prosthodontic, and periodontic treatment has been proven to improve the prognosis of AI and DI. Regarding orthodontic treatment, the most difficult element of orthodontic therapy may be maintaining a high level of motivation for what might be a prolonged form of treatment spanning several years. There are many forms of orthodontic management for AI and DI, including removable appliances, functional appliances, and fixed appliances. Clear aligner therapy (CAT) contains a broad range of equipment that works in different ways, has different construction processes, and is compatible with different malocclusion procedures. The application of CAT in patients with AI and DI is favorable over the fixed applicants. However, the available evidence regarding the application of CAT in AI is weak and heterogeneous. In this review, we discussed the current evidence regarding the application of clear CAT in patients with AI and DI.

Orthodontics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Longridge ◽  
Pete Clarke ◽  
Raheel Aftab ◽  
Tariq Ali
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Functional Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Removable Appliances

Orthodontics is ‘the specialty of dentistry concerned with growth of the face, the development of dentition, and the prevention and correction of occlusal anomalies. A malocclusion can be defined as ‘a deviation from the ideal that may be aesthetically or functionally unsatisfactory, with a wide range of occlusal traits’. Orthodontics is a constantly evolving specialty, with ever changing principles and techniques continuing to be developed. There has been huge progress in orthodontics in recent times, with changes in the types of brackets, archwire materials, and appliance systems (such as tem­porary anchorage devices and aligner technology). The key principles of orthodontics date back to 1899 when Edward Angle described ‘the key to a normal occlusion as the anteropos­terior relationship between the upper and lower first molars’. In 1972, Lawrence Andrews described ‘six keys to an ideal static occlusion’. This was the basis of early orthodontic treatment planning. Knowledge of craniofacial development and growth is required as a foundation for understanding the aetiology of a patient’s malocclusion, to reach a diagnosis, and to plan orthodontic treatment. A basic under­standing of the types of orthodontic appliances is beneficial (mainly fixed appliances, functional appliances, some use of removable appliances, and retainers). In addition to the management of a malocclusion, orthodontic treat­ment is often required in conjunction with other specialties, including oral and maxillofacial surgery, paediatric and restorative dentistry Key topics discussed in this chapter include: ● Fixed appliances ● Functional appliances ● Removable appliances ● Retention ● Index of treatment need ● Orthodontic assessment and diagnosis ● Cephalometric analysis ● Malocclusion ● Ectopic canines ● Dental anomalies.

scholarly journals Demographics Characteristics and Analysis of Malocclusions of Orthodontic Patients Seen at IIUM Dental Specialist Clinic, Kuantan, Pahang

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail K ◽  
Ghazali SS ◽  
Abu Bakar N ◽  
Mokhtar KI ◽  
Kharuddin AF
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
British Standard Institute ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Functional Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Removable Appliances

Introduction: Malocclusion is one of the most common dental problems observed. Limited data is currently available regarding the demographics of malocclusion observed locally. Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study where 770 patients were recruited from May 2009 till December 2014. 560 orthodontic study models that met the inclusion criteria were examined and the malocclusions were classified according to the British Standard Institute (BSI) incisor classification.  Demographic pattern and their relationship were analysed by structural equation modelling using SPSS (version 23.0). Results: From 560 study models analysed, 72% were female. The age of the patients ranges from 7-12 years old (17.1%), 13-17 years old (55.9%) and >18 years old (27.0%). Majority of the patients were Malay followed by Chinese (5.7%), Indian (1.8%) and other races (1.8%) Treatments received were fixed appliances (FA) (60.0%), removable appliances (RA) (12.5%), functional appliances (FnA) (1.1%), combination of RA and FA (16.1%), combination of FnA and FA (2.1%) and consultation (8.2%). Types of malocclusions observed were Class I (25.7%), Class II/1(32.7%), Class II/2 (7.5%) and Class III (34.1%). There was significant association (p<0.05) between age and gender towards the types of malocclusions and treatments received were observed. Conclusion: Age and gender play significant role in determining the types of treatment received by patients with malocclusion. Data obtained will be beneficial for departmental future management and clinical planning. 

Influence of negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety on motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
I. P. Danilov ◽  
N. I. Vlakh ◽  
V. I. Gugushvili ◽  
N. Ya. Paneva ◽  
T. D. Logunova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Type D ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Social Suppression

Introduction. A healthy lifestyle is one of the most eff ective methods of preserving health and preventing non-infectious diseases. The mechanisms and factors that infl uence the formation of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in employees engaged in harmful working conditions have not been suffi ciently studied. The study of these mechanisms will allow us to more eff ectively shape health-saving behavior.The aim of the study is to study negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety in the formation of motivation to maintain health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers.Materials and methods. A survey was conducted of 75 employees of mines and sections in the South of Kuzbass with an established diagnosis of occupational diseases, as well as 54 people who do not work in harmful working conditions (engineering and technical workers). Surveys were conducted using the method “Index of motivation to health and a healthy lifestyle”, the presence of personality type D was conducted using the DS14 questionnaire, the level of personal and situational anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger — Hanin questionnaire.Results. Th e level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle among patients with occupational diseases is signifi cantly lower than the level of motivation for the health of engineering and technical workers. Th e infl uence of negative reaction and social suppression on the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle was not found. Th e level of situational anxiety also has no eff ect on health motivation. A higher level of personal anxiety among people with a high level of motivation for a healthy lifestyle was determined.Conclusions. Personal anxiety aff ects the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in people with occupational diseases. 

FORMALIZATION OF THE DEFINITION APPROACH THE LEVEL OF MOTIVATION OF THE VIOLATOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Оксана Михайловна Голембиовская ◽  
Екатерина Владимировна Кондрашова ◽  
Михаил Юрьевич Рытов ◽  
Максим Михайлович Голембиовский
Keyword(s):  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Security Services ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation

В статье рассматривается подход, связанный с определение уровня мотивации нарушителя к совершению того или иного противоправного деяния относительно ресурсов организации. Предлагаемый подход, возможно, применять службам безопасности предприятия относительно работников как при приеме на работу, так и в процессе работы с целью выявления высокого уровня мотивации к совершению противоправного деяния и выполнению различных мер по нейтрализации или минимизации данного уровня. Уровень мотивации напрямую влияет на потенциал нарушителя и на вероятность реализации им угрозы, так как не только наличие на объекте средств защиты или наличие у нарушителя современных средств атак приводит к реализации угрозы. В первую очередь к ней приводит заинтересованность в совершении данного деяния, мотивируемость и цели, которые преследует нарушитель. The article considers an approach related to determining the level of motivation of the violator to commit a particular illegal act with respect to the resources of the organization. The proposed approach can be applied by the security services of the enterprise in relation to employees both when hiring and in the process of work in order to identify a high level of motivation to commit an illegal act and to implement various measures to neutralize or minimize this level. The level of motivation directly affects the potential of the violator and the probability of the threat implementation, since not only the presence of protective equipment on the object or the presence of modern means of attack on the violator leads to the implementation of the threat. First of all, it leads to the interest in the commission of this act, the motivation and goals that the violator pursues.

scholarly journals Clinical typology and mechanisms of psychogenesis of states of psychological maladaptation of internship doctors

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
V.V. Vyun
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Professional Stress ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Stage System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation

A comprehensive examination of 213 interns of both sexes was carried out. A system of psychotherapeutic correction of maladaptive states and psycho-preventive support of interns during the period of professional training has been developed. Levels of adaptation of internship doctors for professional activity were emphasized: high (14,1 %), average (20,2 %) and low level (65,7 %). It was described the asthenical (25,8 % of men and 22,5 % of women), hypersthenic (20,6 % of men and 23,2 % of women), anxiodepressive (11,3 % and 20,6 % respectively), psychosomatic (14,5 % of men and 18,1 % of women), asthenic-apathetical (12,3 % and 11,2 % respectively) and addictive (15,5 % of men and 4,4 % of women) variants of maladaptive reactions among the internship doctors. The developed model of the formation of disorders of adaptation of internship doctors is presented by a complex of pathogenic factors. It was established that the basis for the formation of maladaptive reactions among the internship doctors is the presence of somatic pathology, craniocerebral injury and neuroinfection in the anamnesis and the tendency to addictive behavior. Prognostically important factors in the formation of adaptation disorders are conflicts of family and professional relations, disturbing suspiciousness, low communicativeness, difficult working conditions, lack of positive emotions, awareness of inadequate level of competence, low level of motivation, and imperfectiveness of mechanisms of psychological protection. Triggers for the development of maladaptive states are the high level of professional stress, depletion of adaptation, prolonged mental stress, frustration of significant basic needs, and high rates of clinical scale of anxiety and depression HDRS. An individualized three-stage system of medical and psychological support during the professional training period, which involves the application of complex psychodiagnostic, psychotherapeutic, psychoeducational and psychoprophylactic influences, has been developed and tested.

scholarly journals Use of head camera-cued recall and debrief to externalise expertise: a systematic review of literature from multiple fields of practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Vivienne Isabella Blackhall ◽  
Kenneth Grant Walker ◽  
Iya Whiteley ◽  
Philip Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Cued Recall ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
High Level

BackgroundThe study of decision making in complex naturalistic environments poses several challenges. In response to these, video-stimulated cued-recall-debrief was developed. It involves an individual wearing a head-mounted camera which records a task from their point of view. Afterwards, footage captured is reviewed along with a facilitated debrief to help externalise cognitive processes. In theory, motion, audio and visual cues generate a high level of experiential immersion which helps the expert to articulate previously hidden thoughts and actions.ObjectiveTo examine the current evidence for video-stimulated cued-recall-debrief as a means of explicating expert thoughts and feelings in complex tasks in a range of environments.Study selectionMEDLINE, EMBASE, Education Resources Information Center, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO and Google Scholar were searched for articles containing the key terms ‘cued-recall (debrief)’, ‘decision making’, ‘skills’ and ‘video recording’. Studies were included if they examined the following outcomes: (1) feasibility, (2) extent of experiential immersion, (3) ability to generate unique insight into decision-making processes and (4) current applications. 1831 articles were identified initially, and 9 studies were included in the final review.FindingsVideo-stimulated cued-recall-debrief is associated with a high level of experiential immersion and generates between two and four times the number of recollections compared with free recall. It can be used to build models of cognitive activity and to characterise the way in which more and less skilled individuals tend to think and feel.ConclusionsThe technique could be used to explicate expertise within medicine: these insights into performance could be used as a training tool for other practitioners.Trial registration numberCRD42017057484.

scholarly journals Canadian Urological Association position statement on the use of transvaginal mesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (6S2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blayne Welk ◽  
Kevin V. Carlson ◽  
Richard J. Baverstock ◽  
Stephen S. Steele ◽  
Gregory G. Bailly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Stress Incontinence ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Transvaginal Mesh ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Prolapse Repair ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
High Level

Stress incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) are common conditions. There is high-level evidence that midurethral mesh slings for stress incontinence are effective and safe; however, the rare but serious potential risks of this surgery must be discussed with the patient. The use of transvaginal mesh for prolapse repair does not appear to be supported by the current evidence, and its use should be restricted to specialized pelvic floor surgeons and specific clinical situations.

How Orthodontic Functional Appliances Work

2000 ◽  
Vol os7 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T Lee
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Facial Bones ◽  
Genetic Constraints ◽  
Skeletal Change ◽  
Functional Appliances ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Facial Soft Tissues ◽  
Unlimited Amount

Orthodontic functional appliances are an essential part of an orthodontist's armamentarium. The amount of their use varies greatly, some feeling they have limited use with minor effects, others claiming dramatic changes in facial growth and appearance, without significant genetic constraints. The evidence on clinical use is not equivocal, the general results however not showing an unlimited amount of skeletal change, but rather a balance of change in the growth of the facial bones and dentition with clinically significant changes in the facial soft tissues. This article examines the current evidence.

scholarly journals Resource Utilisation and Costs of Depressive Patients in Germany: Results from the Primary Care Monitoring for Depressive Patients Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Krauth ◽  
Jona T. Stahmeyer ◽  
Juliana J. Petersen ◽  
Antje Freytag ◽  
Ferdinand M. Gerlach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Cost Categories ◽  
High Level ◽  
Depressive Patients

Background.Depression is the most common type of mental disorder in Germany. It is associated with a high level of suffering for individuals and imposes a significant burden on society. The aim of this study was to estimate the depression related costs in Germany taking a societal perspective.Materials and Methods.Data were collected from the primary care monitoring for depressive patients trial (PRoMPT) of patients with major depressive disorder who were treated in a primary care setting. Resource utilisation and days of sick leave were observed and analysed over a 1-year period.Results.Average depression related costs of €3813 were calculated. Significant differences in total costs due to sex were demonstrated. Male patients had considerable higher total costs than female patients, whereas single cost categories did not differ significantly. Further, differences in costs according to severity of disease and age were observed. The economic burden to society was estimated at €15.6 billion per year.Conclusion.The study results show that depression poses a significant economic burden to society. There is a high potential for prevention, treatment, and patient management innovations to identify and treat patients at an early stage.

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