scholarly journals Analysis and Study on Epidemiological Features and Prognosis of Nephrotic Syndrome in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jizhang Liu ◽  
Yuxia Zhong ◽  
Liangduan Ding ◽  
Ayinuer Tuluhong ◽  
Burebi Maihemuti ◽  
...  

Backgrounds. The pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome (NS) is complex, and there are differences between regions. This study attempted to collect clinicopathological data of patients diagnosed with NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang in the past 2 years, so as to explore the onset features of NS and treatment and prognosis of patients in the two regions. Methods. Clinical data of 375 patients diagnosed with NS using renal biopsy in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang from March 2019 to March 2021 were collected. Clinical data of patients before treatment were collected, and the chi-square test was utilized to compare the differences in the sex distribution of two groups. The U test was utilized to compare abnormal distribution continuous data between two groups, such as age, hemoglobin, plasma albumin, proteinuria, and triglycerides. Independent sample t -test was utilized to compare normal distribution continuous data between two groups, such as serum total protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, glomerular filtration rate, and total cholesterol. The independent sample t -test was also used to compare the immunoglobulin levels and complement levels between the two groups after treatment, including IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, and C4. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze and plot the cumulative curves of complete remission rate and partial remission rate. Results. For 275 NS patients from Xinjiang, the male-to-female ratio was 0.81 : 1. For 84 patients from Heilongjiang, the male-to-female ratio was 1.05 : 1. The onset ages of patients in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang were 22-45 years old and 22-47 years old, respectively. Respectively, there were 221 cases (80.36%) and 66 cases (78.57%) of primary NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang. There were 54 cases (19.64%) and 18 cases (21.43%) of secondary NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in cause distribution between the two regions ( p = 0.756 ). After treatment, immunoglobulin levels (IgA ( p = 0.009 ), IgG ( p = 0.002 ), IgM ( p < 0.001 )) and complement C3 ( p < 0.001 ) and C4 ( p < 0.001 ) levels in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang were statistically significant. 129 cases in Xinjiang (46.91%) and 55 cases in Heilongjiang (65.48%) were treated with glucocorticoid (GC) combined with immunosuppressive therapy, respectively. After receiving treatment, 67 (24.36%) of 275 patients in Xinjiang achieved complete remission, 166 (60.36%) achieved partial remission, 22 (26.19%) of 84 patients in Heilongjiang achieved complete remission, and 56 (66.67%) achieved partial remission, and there was no statistically significant difference in remission rate between the two regions ( p = 0.159 ). Patients in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang achieved complete remission at an average of 10.34 weeks (9.98-10.70) and 9.95 weeks (9.26-10.65), respectively. There was no significant difference in complete remission rates between the two regions ( p = 0.663 ). Patients in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang achieved partial remission at an average of 8.76 weeks (8.38-9.14) and 7.99 weeks (7.33-8.65), respectively. There was no significant difference in the partial remission rate between the two regions ( p = 0.065 ). Conclusion. The causes of NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang were similar. After treatment, there were differences in immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, IgM) and complement levels (C3, C4) in the two regions. The main treatment methods used in the two regions were GC combined with immunosuppressive therapy. The prognosis of patients in the two regions was similar. The complete remission rate and partial remission rate after treatment in the two regions were similar, and the average time required to achieve complete remission and partial remission was also similar.

Author(s):  
Daniel COELHO ◽  
Eudes Paiva de GODOY ◽  
Igor MARREIROS ◽  
Vinicius Fernando da LUZ ◽  
Antônio Manuel Gouveia de OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has a high long-term remission rate after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), but few studies have analyzed patients with BMI<35 kg/m2. Aim: To compare glycemic control after LRYGB between BMI 30-35 kg/m2 (intervention group or IG) and >35 kg/m2 patients (control group or CG) and to evaluate weight loss, comorbidities and surgical morbidity. Methods: Sixty-six diabetic patients (30 in IG group and 36 in CG group) were submitted to LRYGB. Data collected annually after surgery were analyzed with generalized estimating equations. Results: Average follow-up was 4.3 years. There was no statistical difference between groups using complete remission American Diabetes Association criteria (OR 2.214, 95%CI 0.800-5.637, p=0.13). There was significant difference between groups using partial remission American Diabetes Association criteria (p=0.002), favouring the CG group (OR 6.392, 95%CI 1.922-21.260). The higher BMI group also had lower HbA1c levels (-0.77%, 95%CI -1.26 to -0.29, p=0.002). There were no significant differences in remission of hypertension, dyslipidemia and surgical morbidity, while weight was better controlled in the IG group. Conclusion: No differences were found in diabetes complete remission, although greater partial remission and the lower levels of glycated hemoglobin in the BMI >35 kg/m2 group suggest a better response among more obese diabetic patients with LRYGB. In addition, both groups had important metabolic modifications at the expense of low morbidity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Catherine Hernández Zúñiga ◽  
Ana Vinuesa Jaca ◽  
Pedro Arango Sancho ◽  
Yolanda Calzada Baños ◽  
Elena Codina Sampera ◽  
...  

Abstract Background and Aims Ofatumumab (OFA) is an anti-CD-20 monoclonal antibody useful in nephrotic syndrome refractory to conventional treatments and rituximab (RTX). Our objective is to evaluate the response and safety in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) treated with Ofatumumab. Method A prospective descriptive study of 2 years duration (2017-2019) in children with NS refractory to first-line therapies who received treatment with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. To do this, we divided the cohort into 3 groups: Patients with corticodependent NS (CDNS) without response or with adverse effects associated with first-line treatment that preclude its use (Group 1); Corticosteroid-resistant SN (CRNS) (Group 2) and SN with post-transplant recurrence (Group 3). In them, the results of safety and remission rate were evaluated. Results Thirty-three patients (21 with SNCD, 11 with SNCR, and 1 with SN recurrence in transplantation) were included and administered anti-CD20. The male / female ratio was 2: 1 and the mean age at diagnosis was 5.2 years. 100% of the children (33) received RTX and 18.2% (6) OFA. The RTX achieved complete remission in 87.9% (29) and 48.3% of these did not present new relapses after 70 months of follow-up. 100% of Group 1 presented complete remission after RTX, although 52.4% (11) presented at least 1 relapse after 22.9 months (mean 2.5 relapses). In group 2, 72.72% (8) complete remission and 27.2% (3) partial, with persistent proteinuria. 36.4% (4) presented relapse after 17 months of treatment (mean 1 relapse). Of the 6 who received OFA, 83.3% presented complete remission (1 SNCR and 4 SNCD) and 1 patient (SNCD) presented relapse at 24 months (mean follow-up 1 year). The other case, a 13-year-old girl with recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in kidney transplantation, presented partial remission after one year of treatment in association with immunoadsorption sessions. Regarding safety, adverse reactions occurred in 6% (2): allergic reaction with 2nd dose of RTX and cytokine release syndrome with 1st dose of OFA. Conclusion Ofatumumab in our series has proven to be an effective and safe drug in difficult-to-manage NS, achieving complete remission in 5 patients who had not previously responded to Rituximab


Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 1472-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Scandura ◽  
Gail J. Roboz ◽  
Michelle Moh ◽  
Ewelina Morawa ◽  
Fabienne Brenet ◽  
...  

Abstract We conducted an open-label phase 1 study exploring the feasibility, safety, and biologic activity of epigenetic priming with decitabine before standard induction chemotherapy in patients with less-than-favorable risk of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). We directly compared the clinical and DNA-hypomethylating activity of decitabine delivered at 20 mg/m2 by either a 1-hour infusion (Arm A) or a continuous infusion (Arm B) for 3, 5, or 7 days before a single, standard induction with infusional cytarabine (100 mg/m2 for 7 days) and daunorubicin (60 mg/m2 × 3 doses). Toxicity was similar to that of standard induction chemotherapy alone. Although we did not identify a maximum tolerated dose, there was more gastro-intestinal toxicity with 7 days of decitabine priming. Decitabine induced DNA hypomethylation at all dose levels and there was a trend toward greater hypomethylation in CD34+ bone marrow cells when decitabine was delivered by a short pulse (Arm A). Twenty-seven subjects (90%) responded to therapy: 17 with complete remission (57%) and 10 with partial remission (33%). Of the patients with partial remission to protocol treatment, 8 achieved remission to their next therapy, bringing the overall complete remission rate to 83%. We conclude that epigenetic priming of intensive chemotherapy can be safely delivered in an attempt to improve response rates. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00538876.


Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanyuan Wu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Dong Xu ◽  
Mengtao Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Zeng

Abstract Objectives Connective tissue disease-related thrombocytopenia (CTD-TP) is a problematic disorder in clinical practice. Because the first-line therapy of glucocorticoid and/or immunosuppressants is not effective for refractory cases, alternative treatment approaches are urgently needed. The present study investigated the efficacy and safety of sirolimus in refractory CTD-TP patients. Methods This single-centre, single-arm, phase II study enrolled 20 refractory CTD-TP patients between September 2017 and September 2018 (registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03688191). Oral sirolimus administration was dose-adjusted to maintain a therapeutic range of 6–15 ng/ml for 6 months. The primary endpoints were partial and complete remission rates at 6 months. Results Twelve (60%) patients achieved the primary end point with a 50% complete remission rate after 6 months. Among the 14 SLE patients, the overall response rate was 71.4%, with a complete remission rate of 64.3%. None of the primary Sjögren's syndrome cases responded to sirolimus. There was no significant difference in baseline clinical characteristics or lymphocyte subpopulations between responders and non-responders. No severe side effect was detected during the study. Conclusion Sirolimus is an effective and safe treatment option for refractory CTD-TP patients. Trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03688191.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Ye Jin

Abstract Background: In China, diverticulitis is more often located in the right colon, mainly in the cecum and ascending colon. Here we study the characteristics of acute colonic diverticulitis and compare various treatments for acute right-sided colonic diverticulitis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 123 patients with acute colonic diverticulitis treated in our hospital from April 2013 to April 2020, including 114 cases of right-sided colonic diverticulitis, was performed. The characteristics of acute colonic diverticulitis were analyzed, and the therapeutic effects of different treatments for acute right-sided colonic diverticulitis were compared.Results: 111 cases of caecal and ascending colonic diverticulitis were identified (90.2% of cases, male to female ratio 2.26:1, average age 39.6 ± 14.4 years, surgery ratio 24.3%, mean hospital stay 7.4 ± 4.3 days, recurrence rate 3.6%). Three cases of transverse colonic diverticulitis and three cases of descending colonic diverticulitis were found. Six cases of Sigmoid diverticulitis (4.9% of cases, male to female ratio 1:1, average age 67.7 ± 4.5 years, surgery ratio 33.3%, mean hospital stay 11.7 ± 5.5 days, recurrence rate 0%) were found. 13 patients underwent right-sided colonic diverticulitis resection and repair, while zero patients underwent colectomy. Abdominal drainage was performed in 15 patients with right-sided colonic diverticulitis. There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay among the three treatments for right-sided colonic diverticulitis (P = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate among the three treatments of right-sided colonic diverticulitis ( P = 0.358). While the recurrence rate of right-sided colonic diverticulitis was only 3.5%, relapse usually occurred within the first year following treatment.Conclusions: In our patients, right-sided colonic diverticulitis is more common in young and middle-aged patients than in elderly patients and we see a higher incidence in males. Acute right-sided complex diverticulitis is rare. While non-surgical treatment is preferred for acute right-sided uncomplicated diverticulitis, no significant difference in outcome was observed between the three different treatments we compared. Resection and repair of diverticulum or abdominal drainage can also be used to treat patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. E47-54
Author(s):  
Zijie Yuan ◽  
Qifang Xie ◽  
Xiaochuan Wu ◽  
Boyu Tan ◽  
Xianhua Zhang

Purpose: We used the Cochrane systematic review to analyze the effectiveness and safety of rituximab for lupus nephritis. Methods: Systematic search was performed among Cochrane clinical controlled trials database, MEDLINE, MEDLINE-IN-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, EMBASE, EBSCO CINAHL, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database from the establishment of the database to February 2016. The effectiveness and safety were evaluated in terms of the complete remission rate, total remission rate, urinary protein, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index changes and adverse events rate. Data were analyzed by the Review Manager Software version 5.3. Results: Five RCTs that met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 238 patients, were enrolled in our study. The results showed that the complete remission rate in rituximab group was a significantly higher than that of cyclophosphamide group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (OR=2.80, 95%CI(1.08,7.26), P=0.03). But there was no significant difference between the two groups in partial and total remission rate. The complete remission rate, partial remission rate and total remission rate in rituximab treatment group was similar compared with mycophenolate mofetil group and rituximab combined with cyclophosphamide group. The adverse reaction rate was also similar among the groups. Conclusion: The study systematically analyzed the effectiveness and safety of rituximab for lupus nephritis, which suggested that the complete remission rate of rituximab in the treatment of lupus nephritis was a significantly higher than that of cyclophosphamide group, while the effectiveness and safety was of no difference compared with cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil.


Author(s):  
Irda Handayani ◽  
B. Rusli ◽  
Hardjoeno Hardjoeno

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia accompanied by oedema and hypercholesterolemia.Nephrotic syndrome is an often relapsing disease (75%) and often the diagnosis is too late. This disease is 15 times greater in childrenthan in adult and the male to female ratio is 2:1. Laboratory examination is needed to rapidly detect and evaluate the progress of thedisease for treatment. To know the distribution of NS based on aged, gender, cholesterol, and albumin concentration and the urinesediment profile. The data in this retrospective descriptive study were collected from 56 patients with NS at the Wahidin SudirohusodoHospital, Makassar, in the period of January 2004 – June 2006. NS were found in 36 male patients (64.3%) and 20 female patients(35.7%). Cholesterol concentrations were 250 mg/dl in 50 patients (89.3%) and 250 mg/dl in 6 patients (10.7%). Albuminconcentration was 2.5 g/dl in 21 patients (37.5%) and < 2.5 gr/dl in 35 patients (62.5%). In urine sediments, there were found in 23patients (41.1%) with positive proteinuria (+++), 51 patients (91.1%) with positive erythrocytes, 54 patients (96.4%) with positiveleucocytes, and 33 patients (58.9%) with positive cylinders such as rugged granular and fatty cost. More NS were found in male patientsin comparison to female, and many were aged + 6 years. Hypercholesterolemia, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria, hematuria, leucocyturia,and positive cylinder (rugged granular and fatty cast) were found in the urine of most of the NS patients.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Jahangir Alam Mazumder ◽  
Md Golam Mustafa ◽  
AHM Delwar ◽  
Shazibur Rashid ◽  
Md Mostafizur Rahaman ◽  
...  

Introduction: After SMR/septoplasty with or without turbinate surgery, it needs to keep apart the septum and turbinates upto their complete healing otherwise there is a chance of adhesion (synechia) formation. To prevent this there are variousprocedures. To place an intranasal splint in one or both sides of the septum is one of them. Nowadays there raised thequestion of whether the splinting is necessary or not. There is no significant difference in result with or without anintranasal splint. Weighing against the co-morbidities the routine use of an intranasal splint can no longer be justified. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized control study of 200 patients of SMR/septoplasty, done for nasal septaldeviation causing symptoms in Cumilla Medical College Hospital in the period of January 2016 to December 2019. Theywere equally divided into two groups, group-A were operated placing an intranasal splint and group-B with no intranasalsplint. They were followed up for 6 weeks to detect any synechia and co-morbidities. Result: The age of our patients wasranged from 13-49 years with a mean age of 22.45 years. The male to female ratio is 1.78:1. Synechia was found in 4% ofthe splinted group and 6 of the nonsplinted groups. Co-morbidities were detected more in the splinted group than that ofnon-splinted. In INS group these were found as follows: pain in the nose, face and head (26%), faint during removal ofnasal splint (6%), nasal obstruction (38%), the anxiety of splint removal in the postoperative period (35%) and vestibulitisdue to persistent irritation by a splint (17%). Conclusion: There is little significant advantage of using intranasal splintroutinely in septal surgery to prevent synechia formation. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(2): 126-129


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Min Lee ◽  
Jun Sang Shin

Purpose: Elderly population will comprise a substantial proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We examined patients older than 80 years according to their clinical and pathological characteristics to fully understand the elderly patients.Methods: CRC patients, 60 years or older at diagnosis, admitted between 2009 and 2014 at our hospital were enrolled. The patients were divided into 2 groups: elderly (aged > 80 years, n = 133), and controls (aged 60 to 79 years, n = 596). Patient’s demographics, risk factors for prognosis of CRC, Clinicopathological parameters, treatment, and survival rates were compared.Results: The mean ages were 83.9 and 64.8 years, respectively. Male-to-female ratio and tumor sidedness were comparable in both groups. Prognostic factors found in univariate analysis; differentiation, stage, lymphovascular invasion, and carcinoembryonic antigen showed no statistical difference. The microsatellite instability status and number of retrieved lymph nodes were also similar (17.2 vs 21.6, P = 0.505). A significant difference was found in the treatment approach for chemotherapy as the elderly patients with stage III and IV tend to have omitted adjuvant (43.6% vs. 92.8%, P < 0.001) or palliative (35.8% vs. 89.4%, P = 0.016) chemotherapy. Except in stage I, elderly patients showed significantly lower overall survival rates.Conclusion: Current study shows far-elderly patients with CRC were less likely to receive standard treatments, which might have resulted in an inferior outcome. As the number of elderly patients with CRC increase, our results provide a basis for further clinical and molecular investigations of elderly CRC patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3374-3378
Author(s):  
Haiyan Cheng ◽  
Yanjie Song ◽  
Wenhua Zhang ◽  
Juanzhi Hao

Objective: The effect of mifepristone and GnRH-a on patients with endometriosis after operation. Methods: 100 cases of endometriosis treated by laparoscopic surgery in our hospital from May 2017 to October 2019 were divided into GnRH-a group (34 cases), mifepristone group (33 cases) and non-drug group (33 cases) according to the numerical random method, and the treatment effect of the three groups was compared. Result: After the drug treatment, the cumulative recurrence rate of non misoprostone group and GnRH-a group was 18.18% and 21.21%, P > 0.05 between the two groups, and 33.33% between the two groups, P < 0.05. After treatment, FSH, LH and other hormone indexes in mifepristone group were compared with those before treatment (P > 0.05), while E2 levels were compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05); FSH, LH, E2 levels in GnRH-a group were compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05), and those in mifepristone group were compared with those after treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, the complete remission rate of the patients in the non misoprostone group and the GnRH-a group were 51.52% and 55.88%, respectively, P > 0.05 for the comparison between the groups, and 36.36% for the comparison between the patients in the non misoprostone group and the GnRH-a group, P < 0.05 for the comparison between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Mifepristone and GnRH-a have good effect on patients with endometriosis after operation. They can effectively reduce the recurrence rate and adverse reactions after EMT.


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