scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects of Different Bacteroides vulgatus Strains against DSS-Induced Colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sijia Li ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Chengcheng Zhang ◽  
Yanhong Luo ◽  
Qianqian Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Underlying Causes

Although the strain-dependent effects of Bacteroides vulgatus on alleviating intestinal inflammatory diseases have been demonstrated, the literature has rarely focused on the underlying causes of this effect. In this study, we selected four B. vulgatus strains (FTJS5K1, FTJS7K1, FSDTA11B14, and FSDLZ51K1) with different genomic characteristics and evaluated their protective roles against dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis. Compared to the other three tested strains, B. vulgatus 7K1 more strongly ameliorated the DSS-induced weight loss, shortening of the colon length, increased disease activity index scores, colonic tissue injury, and immunomodulatory disorder. In contrast, B. vulgatus 51K1 significantly worsened the DSS-induced alterations in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration and colonic histopathology. A comparative genomic analysis of B. vulgatus 7K1 and 51K1 showed that the beneficial effects of B. vulgatus 7K1 may be associated with some of its specific genes involved in the production of short-chain fatty acids or capsular polysaccharides and enhancement of its survivability in the gut. In conclusion, these findings indicate that the supplementation of B. vulgatus 7K1 is a potentially efficacious intervention for alleviating colitis and provides scientific support for the screening of probiotics with anticolitis effect.

scholarly journals Galangin Protects against Symptoms of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis by Activating Autophagy and Modulating the Gut Microbiota

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongzhuan Xuan ◽  
Aiqun Ou ◽  
Shengyu Hao ◽  
Jiajun Shi ◽  
Xiaolu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Related Proteins

Galangin is a natural flavonoid that has been reported to provide substantial health benefits. Nevertheless, little is known about the potential effects of galangin against inflammatory bowel diseases. Here, an in vivo study was performed to investigate the preventive effects of galangin against dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced acute murine colitis, which mimics the symptoms of human ulcerative colitis (UC). Pre-treatment with galangin (15 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in a significant decreased in the macroscopic signs of DSS-induced colitic symptoms, including a decreased disease activity index, prevention of the colon length shortening, and alleviation of the pathological changes occurring in the colon. Colonic pro-inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-6, as well as myeloperoxidase activities were decreased following galangin pre-treatment when compared with the DSS control group. Moreover, galangin pre-treatment significantly increased the expressions of autophagy-related proteins and promoted the formation of autophagosome in the colon. Galangin pre-treatment increased the diversity of the gut microbiota, and this was accompanied by increased levels of short-chain fatty acids. These observed changes could involve the modulating effects conferred by galangin in relation to some specific bacteria populations, including the recovery of Lactobacillus spp., and increased Butyricimonas spp. Overall, these results support the use of galangin in the prevention of UC.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of Foxtail Millet Ameliorates Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice via Activation of Gut Receptors and Suppression of the STAT3 Pathway

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2367
Author(s):  
Bowei Zhang ◽  
Yingchuan Xu ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Huan Lv ◽  
Yaozhong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Signaling Proteins ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Coarse cereal intake has been reported to be associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer. However, evidence from intervention studies is absent and the molecular basis of this phenomenon remains largely unexplored. This study sought to investigate the effects of foxtail millet and rice, two common staple grains in Asia, on the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and define the mechanism involved. In total, 40 BALB/c mice were randomized into four groups. The Normal and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) groups were supplied with an AIN-93G diet, while the millet- and rice-treated groups were supplied with a modified AIN-93G diet. Compared to the AOM/DSS-induced CAC mice supplemented with rice, an increased survival rate, suppressed tumor burden, and reduced disease activity index were observed in the millet-treated group. The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 were decreased in the millet-treated group compared to both the AOM/DSS and AOM/DSS + rice groups. Millet treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 and the related signaling proteins involved in cell proliferation, survival and angiogenesis. These beneficial effects were mediated by the activation of gut receptors AHR and GPCRs via the microbial metabolites (indole derivates and short-chain fatty acids) of foxtail millet. Moreover, millet-treatment increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroidales_S24-7 compared to the rice-treated mice. This study could help researchers to develop better dietary patterns that work against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and for CAC patients.

Cut off point of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a marker of active disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1566-1570
Author(s):  
Akhmad Syaikhu Firizal ◽  
Adhi Kristianto Sugianli ◽  
Laniyati Hamijoyo
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Active Disease

Aim We aimed to measure sensitivity, specificity, and to determine the cut-off value (COV) ratio of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods A cross sectional study was conducted using the retrospective data from Hasan Sadikin Lupus Registry (HSLR). The inclusion criteria were SLE patients aged 18 years or older who had documented data of neutrophil, lymphocyte, and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Patients with infections, malignancies, and other inflammatory diseases recorded in registry were excluded. SLEDAI with a score of ≤ 4 is considered inactive and score of > 4 is considered active. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was calculated by dividing the absolute number of neutrophils by the absoulte number of lymphocytes. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze and determine optimal COV of NLR. Results The total sample in this study were 112 subjects with a dominant of female (95.54%) and the mean age of 34.45 ± 9.40 years. The median of SLEDAI was 4.5 with a range from 0 to 16, while the median of NLR was 2.68 with a range of 0.59 to 19.02. The ROC analysis showed the optimal cut-off in this study was 2.94 with sensitivity and specificity as high as 60.71% and 76.79%, respectively. Conclusion Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with cut off value of 2.94 can be used to determine active disease of systemic lupus eythematousus.

scholarly journals Synbiotic Supplementation Containing Whole Plant Sugar Cane Fibre and Probiotic Spores Potentiates Protective Synergistic Effects in Mouse Model of IBD

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvi Shinde ◽  
Agampodi Promoda Perera ◽  
Ravichandra Vemuri ◽  
Shakuntla V. Gondalia ◽  
Avinash V. Karpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Synbiotic Supplementation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a chronic inflammatory disorders with increasing global incidence. Synbiotic, which is a two-point approach carrying probiotic and prebiotic components in mitigating inflammation in IBD, is thought to be a pragmatic approach owing to the synergistic outcomes. In this study, the impacts of dietary supplementation with probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC5856 spores (B. coagulans) and prebiotic whole plant sugar cane fibre (PSCF) was assessed using a murine model of IBD. Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal chow diet supplemented with either B. coagulans, PSCF or its synbiotic combination. After seven days of supplementation, colitis was induced with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for seven days during the continuation of the supplemented diets. Synbiotic supplementation ameliorated disease activity index and histological score (−72%, 7.38, respectively), more effectively than either B. coagulans (−47%, 10.1) and PSCF (−53%, 13.0) alone. Synbiotic supplementation also significantly (p < 0.0001) prevented the expression of tight junction proteins and modulated the altered serum IL-1β (−40%), IL-10 (+26%), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (−39%) levels. Synbiotic supplementations also raised the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) profile more extensively compared to the unsupplemented DSS-control. The synbiotic health outcome effect of the probiotic and prebiotic combinations may be associated with a synergistic direct immune-regulating efficacy of the components, their ability to protect epithelial integrity, stimulation of probiotic spores by the prebiotic fibre, and/or with stimulation of greater levels of fermentation of fibres releasing SCFAs that mediate the reduction in colonic inflammation. Our model findings suggest synbiotic supplementation should be tested in clinical trials.

scholarly journals POSITIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN DISEASE ACTIVITY INDEX AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES ACTIVITY IN A RAT MODEL OF COLITIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Gustavo de OLIVEIRA ◽  
André Luiz da CUNHA ◽  
Amaury Caiafa DUARTE ◽  
Maria Christina Marques Nogueira CASTAÑON ◽  
Júlio Maria Fonseca CHEBLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcian Blue Staining ◽  
Increased Activity

ContextInflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, comprising a broad spectrum of diseases those have in common chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, histological alterations and an increased activity levels of certain enzymes, such as, metalloproteinases.ObjectivesEvaluate a possible correlation of disease activity index with the severity of colonic mucosal damage and increased activity of metalloproteinases in a model of ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium.MethodsColitis was induced by oral administration of 5% dextran sulfate sodium for seven days in this group (n=10), whereas control group (n=16) received water. Effects were analyzed daily by disease activity index. In the seventh day, animals were euthanized and hematological measurements, histological changes (hematoxylin and eosin and Alcian Blue staining), myeloperoxidase and metalloproteinase activities (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were determined.ResultsDextran sulfate sodium group showed elevated disease activity index and reduced hematological parameters. Induction of colitis caused tissue injury with loss of mucin and increased myeloperoxidase (P<0.001) and MMP-9 activities (45 fold) compared to the control group.ConclusionsIn this study, we observed a disease activity index correlation with the degree of histopathological changes after induction of colitis, and this result may be related mainly to the increased activity of MMP-9 and mieloperoxidase.

scholarly journals Screening of an anti-inflammatory peptide from Hydrophis cyanocinctus and analysis of its activities and mechanism in DSS-induced acute colitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengjie Zheng ◽  
Hailong Jiang ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Lei Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Acute Colitis ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance Analysis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Snake has been used for centuries as a traditional Chinese medicine, especially for therapeutic treatment for inflammatory diseases; however, its mechanisms of action and active constituents remain controversial. In our study, a tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) selective binding peptide, Hydrostatin-SN1 (H-SN1), which was screened from a Hydrophis cyanocinctus venom gland T7 phage display library, was shown to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. As a TNFR1 antagonist, it reduced cytotoxicity mediated by TNF-α in L929 fibroblasts and effectively inhibited the combination between TNF-α with TNFR1 in surface plasmon resonance analysis. H-SN1 was also shown to suppress TNFR1–associated signaling pathways as it minimized TNF-α-induced NF-кB and MAPK activation in HEK293 embryonic kidney and HT29 adenocarcinoma cell lines. We next determined the effect of H-SN1 in vivo using a murine model of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate, demonstrating that H-SN1 lowered the clinical parameters of acute colitis including the disease activity index and histologic scores. H-SN1 also inhibited TNF/TNFR1 downstream targets at both mRNA and protein levels. These results indicate that H-SN1 might represent a suitable candidate for use in the treatment of TNF-α-associated inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases.

scholarly journals Extraintestinal Helminth Infection Limits Pathology and Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression during DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: A Role for Alternatively Activated Macrophages and Prostaglandins

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadira Ledesma-Soto ◽  
Blanca E. Callejas ◽  
César A. Terrazas ◽  
Jose L. Reyes ◽  
Arlett Espinoza-Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Alternatively Activated Macrophages ◽  
Arginase 1 ◽  
Alternatively Activated

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is characteristic of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Helminth parasites have developed immunomodulatory strategies that may impact the outcome of several inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we investigated whetherTaenia crassicepsinfection is able to decrease the inflammatory effects of dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Preinfection significantly reduced the manifestations of DSS-induced colitis, as weight loss and shortened colon length, and decreased the disease activity index independently of the genetic background of the mice.Taeniainfection decreased systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokines while increasing levels of IL-4 and IL-10, and the inflammatory infiltrate into the colon was also markedly reduced. RT-PCR assays from colon showed thatT. crassiceps-infected mice displayed increased expression of Arginase-1 but decreased expression of iNOS compared to DSS-treated uninfected mice. The percentages of T regulatory cells were not increased. The adoptive transfer of alternatively activated macrophages (AAMФs) from infected mice into mice with DSS-induced colitis reduced the severity of colon inflammation. Administration of indomethacin abrogated the anticolitic effect ofTaenia. Thus,T. crassicepsinfection limits the pathology of ulcerative colitis by suppressing inflammatory responses mechanistically associated with AAMФs and prostaglandins.

scholarly journals Suppression of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice by Radon Inhalation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Nishiyama ◽  
Takahiro Kataoka ◽  
Keiko Yamato ◽  
Takehito Taguchi ◽  
Kiyonori Yamaoka
Keyword(s):  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Activated Neutrophils ◽  
Radon Inhalation ◽  
Activity Index Score

The enhanced release of reactive oxygen species from activated neutrophils plays important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. We previously reported that radon inhalation activates antioxidative functions in various organs of mice. In this study, we examined the protective effects of radon inhalation on dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS) induced colitis in mice which were subjected to DSS for 7 days. Mice were continuously treated with air only (sham) or radon at a concentration of 2000 Bq/m3from a day before DSS administration to the end of colitis induction. In the results, radon inhalation suppressed the elevation of the disease activity index score and histological damage score induced by DSS. Based on the changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha in plasma and myeloperoxidase activity in the colon, it was shown that radon inhalation suppressed DSS-induced colonic inflammation. Moreover, radon inhalation suppressed lipid peroxidation of the colon induced by DSS. The antioxidant level (superoxide dismutase and total glutathione) in the colon after DSS administration was significantly higher in mice treated with radon than with the sham. These results suggested that radon inhalation suppressed DSS-induced colitis through the enhancement of antioxidative functions in the colon.

scholarly journals Neutrophil-Mediated Gastrointestinal Injury

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 559-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan N Elliott ◽  
John L Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Gastrointestinal Injury ◽  
Neutrophil Extravasation ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Significant Injury

Inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are frequently characterized by a dense infiltration of neutrophils in the lamina propria and the subsequent transepithelial migration of these cells into the lumen. While the neutrophil plays an essential role in defending against bacterial infection, it can also cause significant injury to the host tissue. The evidence for a role of neutrophils in producing significant tissue injury in a number of gastrointestinal disorders and the mechanisms through which neutrophils produce tissue injury are reviewed. Furthermore, the evidence that some commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs produce beneficial effects through modulation of neutrophil extravasation or activation is reviewed.

Effects of Homoeopathic Single and Minimum Dose on Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis—BASDAI Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 041-052
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Eiphrangdaka L. Suchiang ◽  
Gautam Pal
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Minimum Dose ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Activity Index Score

AbstractEarly cases of ankylosing spondylitis do not have the typical presentation of radiographic sacroiliitis but present as non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) where both are varieties of axSpA. Homoeopathic prescription based on totality of symptoms offers a promising relief to nr-axSpA where peripheral joints are also affected. Here, a 27-year-old male patient presented with bilateral heel pain, pain in low back, pain on base of right toes, pain in neck with stiffness for 1 year had refractive response to conventional medication. Diagnosis was confirmed by Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society diagnostic criteria for axSpA. Single medicine and minimum dose of Silicea showed its effectiveness on the symptoms' improvement and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score whereby score of 8.8 (active disease) before treatment changed to 1.2 (inactive or mild disease) after treatment. Various other parameters were assessed accordingly before and after treatment. This case report encourages further exploring the beneficial effects of homoeopathic treatment in clinical condition like axSpA utilising validated scale.

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