scholarly journals Multiobjective Optimization for Forming Process Parameters of Ultrahigh Strength Steel BR1500HS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xin Shang ◽  
Lijuan Pang ◽  
Sheng-Gui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Martensite Content ◽  
Ultrahigh Strength ◽  
Ultrahigh Strength Steel ◽  
Optimal Value

This paper focuses on obtaining the optimum process parameters and improving the mechanical properties of ultrahigh strength steel BR1500S. Many experimental data are obtained, and then response surface methodology (RSM) is used to obtain the optimum parameters. Combining the experimental data with RSM, some conclusions are summarized. When the cooling rate reaches 30°C/s, martensite content in microstructure reaches up to 95%. The optimum regions of quenching hardness, tensile strength, and elongation are obtained when the temperature is about 900°C, and the holding time is about 0∼4 min. Results of multiobjective optimizations show that global optimal value is gained at 906.5°C, and the holding time is 0 min. Predicted optimum values of quenching hardness, tensile strength, and elongation are not less than 51.03 HRC, 1,671 MPa, and 8.75%, respectively. The application of RSM is notably successful in predicting the process parameters of hot forming.

scholarly journals The Optimum Process Parameter of Dissimilar Metal AA6061 – AISI304 Continuous Drive Friction Welding

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Totok Suwanda ◽  
Rudy Soenoko ◽  
Yudy Surya Irawan ◽  
Moch. Agus Choiron
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Dissimilar Metals ◽  
Maximum Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Pressure ◽  
Welding Processes

This article explains the use of the response surface method to produce the optimum tensile strength for the joining of dissimilar metals with the continuous drive friction welding method. The joining of dissimilar metals is one of the biggest challenges in providing industrial applications. Continuous drive friction welding has been extensively used as one of the important solid-state welding processes. In this study, the optimization of the friction welding process parameters is established to achieve the maximum tensile strength in AA6061 and AISI304 dissimilar joints via the response surface methodology. The effect of continuous drive friction welding parameters, which are friction pressure, friction time, upset pressure, and upset time, are investigated using response surface analysis. The design matrix factors are set as 27 experiments based on Box-Behnken. The 3D surface and the contour is plotted for this model to accomplish the tensile strength optimization. The optimization model of the tensile strength was verified by conducting experiments on the optimum values of the parameters based on the experimental data results. It can be denoted that the optimum process parameters settings were friction pressure = 25 MPa, friction time = 6 seconds, upset pressure = 140 MPa, and upset time = 8 seconds, which would result in a maximum tensile strength of 228.57 MPa.

Optimization of friction stir welding process parameters for AA6063-ETP copper using central composite design

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Panaskar ◽  
Ravi Prakash Terkar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Central Composite

Purpose Recently, several studies have been performed on lap welding of aluminum and copper using friction stir welding (FSW). The formation of intermetallic compounds at the weld interface hampers the weld quality. The use of an intermediate layer of a compatible material during welding reduces the formation of intermetallic compounds. The purpose of this paper is to optimize the FSW process parameters for AA6063-ETP copper weld, using a compatible zinc intermediate filler metal. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, a three-level, three-factor central composite design (CCD) has been used to determine the effect of various process parameters, namely, tool rotational speed, tool traverse speed and thickness of inter-filler zinc foil on ultimate tensile strength of the weld. A total of 60 experimental data were fitted in the CCD. The experiments were performed with tool rotational speeds of 1,000, 1,200 and 1,400 rpm each of them with tool traverse speeds of 5, 10 and 15 mm/min. A zinc inter-filler foil of 0.2 and 0.4 mm was also used. The macrograph of the weld surface under different process parameters and the tensile strength of the weld have been investigated. Findings The feasibility of joining 3 mm thick AA6063-ETP copper using zinc inter-filler is established. The regression analysis showed a good fit of the experimental data to the second-order polynomial model with a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.9759 and model F-value of 240.33. A good agreement between the prediction model and experimental findings validates the reliability of the developed model. The tool rotational speed, tool traverse speed and thickness of inter-filler zinc foil significantly affected the tensile strength of the weld. The optimal conditions found for the weld were, rotational speed of 1,212.83 rpm and traverse speed of 9.63 mm/min and zinc foil thickness is 0.157 mm; by using optimized values, ultimate tensile strength of 122.87 MPa was achieved, from the desirability function. Originality/value Aluminium and copper sheets could be joined feasibly using a zinc inter-filler. The maximum tensile strength of joints formed by inter-filler (122.87 MPa) was significantly better as compared to those without using inter-filler (83.78 MPa). The optimum process parameters to achieve maximum tensile strength were found by CCD.

scholarly journals Microwave Sintering of Ti6Al4V: Optimization of Processing Parameters for Maximal Tensile Strength and Minimal Pore Size

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilpreet Singh ◽  
Abhishek Rana ◽  
Pawan Sharma ◽  
Pulak Mohan Pandey ◽  
Dinesh Kalyanasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Optimal Process

Pressureless sintering is a powder metallurgical process wherein the powder particles are sintered without the aid of any compressive force. Though this additive manufacturing process is economical, the strength of the component is undermined due to the presence of pores; the elimination of which is a challenge. In this work, the optimal process parameters for the pressureless microwave sintering of a grade 5 titanium alloy that yields higher tensile strength and minimum sizes of pores were obtained. The three process parameters (sintering temperature, heating rate, and holding time) were experimented at five different levels using the design of experiments (DOE). Post sintering, the tensile strength was assessed as per ASTM standard B925-15, while the pore size was evaluated, non-destructively, using micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). The optimal process parameters that yielded minimum size pores were: sintering temperature—1293 °C, heating rate— 6.65 C/minute; and holding time—72 min.

Optimization of electrohydraulic forming process parameters using the response surface methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-580
Author(s):  
Balasubramanian Arun Prasath ◽  
Pasupathy Ganesh ◽  
Karibeeran Shanmuga Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Standoff Distance ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Electrohydraulic Forming ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Experimental Values

Abstract This work’s main objective is to determine the optimum process parameters in the electrohydraulic forming (EHF) of austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 of 0.25 mm thickness for macro and micro shape. A truncated cone with grooves in the apex is considered as macro-micro shape. The response surface methodology (RSM) was developed for process variables such as voltage and standoff distance to determine the optimum parameters. To validate the model, confirmation experiments have been conducted, i. e. for the optimum value of voltage (V) = 8.935 kV and standoff distance (SOD) = 40.60 mm, and from the experiments the forming depth predicted is 9.221 mm and depth from the experiments is 9.5 mm. The percentage deviation from the predicted and experimental forming depth is 3.025 %, an acceptable range of less than 5 % for the surface roughness, the predicted value is 0.2598 microns, and the experimentally measured value is 0.268. The percentage deviation is 3.156 % between the predicted and experimental values, an acceptable range of less than 5 %. This shows that the model is suitable for predicting both responses. The validation experiments also found that the sheet fills one of the grooves and partially fills the other, which shows the capability of the electrohydraulic forming process. Confirmation experiments have been conducted.

scholarly journals Optimization of FSW parameters for maximum UTS of AA6082/SiC/10P composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 096369351986770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Bhushan ◽  
Deepak Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Tilt Angle ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Fsw Parameters ◽  
Tool Rotation

Friction stir welding (FSW) offers significant advantage when compared with fusion joining process such as no shield gas or flux are used, no harmful gases are produced, thereby making the FSW environmentally friendly. In this work, an experimental approach has been used for studying and optimizing the FSW process, applied on AA6082/SiC/10P composite plates. In particular, the effect of process parameters on ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of FSW joint has been investigated. The UTS of FSW joints is affected by FSW parameters. The FSW of the AA6082/SiC/10P composite plates was carried out with different combinations of FSW parameters. The experiments were conducted according to the Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Taguchi method of designing the experiments was used for optimization of the FSW parameters. The signal to noise ratio and analysis of variance were used to determine the effects of FSW parameters on the UTS of the welded joints. The optimum FSW parameters for the maximum UTS were found to be the tool rotation speed of 1800 r/min, the welding speed of 100 mm/min and the tool tilt angle of 2°. UTS increased by 24.5% when FSW was carried out at optimum process parameters as compared to initial FSW parameters. Results have shown good agreement between the predicted and experimental values of UTS. High tensile strength is required for use of FSWed AA6082/SiC/10P composite joints in aerospace industry.

scholarly journals Optimization of molding process parameters for CF/PEEK composites based on Taguchi method

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 263498332110018
Author(s):  
Guangming Dai ◽  
Lihua Zhan ◽  
Chenglong Guan ◽  
Minghui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Molding Pressure ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Molding Temperature ◽  
Transverse Tensile ◽  
Peek Composite ◽  
Transverse Tensile Strength

In this article, nine groups of laminates were prepared according to the Taguchi L9(33) test array to study the influence of three process parameters, including molding pressure, molding temperature, and holding time on the performance of unidirectional carbon fiber/polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) laminates. A differential scanning calorimetry test was employed to select a reasonable process parameters range. The transverse tensile strength of the laminates was measured, and the fiber–matrix interfacial bonding behavior of the tested samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the significance of factors to transverse tensile strength were molding temperature, holding time, and molding pressure in sequence. The optimal molding process parameters for CF/PEEK composite laminate were molding temperature of 400°C, molding pressure of 3 MPa, and holding time of 30 min. The optimization results were meaningful for the extension and application of thermoplastic composites.

scholarly journals USAGE OF CANDLE NUT SHELL WITH POWDER SIZE OF D<250 µm AS FILLER STUFF IN EPOXI COMPOSITE RESIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yovial Yovial ◽  
Wenny Marthiana ◽  
Duskiardi Duskiardi ◽  
Habibi Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Powder Size ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Taguchi Optimization ◽  
Hazelnut Shell ◽  
Mechanical Mixer ◽  
Shell Composite ◽  
Shell Powder

Recently around 60% of the hazelnut shell has the potential to become wasted material. The purpose of this research is to exploit waste hazelnut shell by examining the mechanical properties of composite   from the powder of hazelnut shell. Epoxy resin acts as a matrix mixed with a hazelnut shell powder as a filler with a composition of 20%, 30% and 40% wt. Both materials are mixed using a mechanical mixer with varying speed and stirring times. The resulting composite material is then tested by tensile, impact and hardness testing. The Taguchi method is used to optimize forming process parameters of the epoxy-powder hazelnut shell composite. Research shows that the forming process parameters give different effects for each different mechanical property. Research found out maximum tensile strength of composite material at 30% wt of powder hazelnut shell. Overall, the result of taguchi optimization for the forming process parameters in this study was 43.68 N/mm2 for tensile strength, 0.074 106 J/mm2 for impact strength and 98.57 SHN for hardness.Keywords: .

scholarly journals Study on the Influence Law of Forming Quality of Clinched Joint for Dissimilar Metal Sheet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihan Li ◽  
Chuanwei Xu ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Xiaoheng Han ◽  
Fenglei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Forming Quality

Abstract The clinched process of heterogeneous materials is more and more used in automobile, aerospace, and household appliances manufacturing. Traditional spot welding is easy to produce heat influence and damage material itself, which restricts the application and development for the hybrid structure of the vehicle body. This paper is based on the test of clinching. The cross-section morphology of clinched joints is observed. Based on the tensile test data and the requirements of the test die, the finite element model of the steel-aluminum clinched joint forming is established. The model is proved to be effective in the process of clinched forming. Based on the simulation model, the influence of process parameters (forming process parameters, Punch’s geometry parameters, and concave die structural parameters) on the forming quality of steel- aluminum clinched joint is analyzed. The evaluation of the joint after forming includes the critical dimension, deformation, and neck-lock ratio. Then, the strength of the steel-aluminum clinched joint was studied by tensile shear test. The law of strength change and the neck-lock ratio is analyzed. The selection strategy of different process parameters is studied. The results show that the forming process of the joint is predicted by numerical simulation, and the quality of the joint is sound. The neck-lock ratio of the joint with the highest tensile and shear strength is less than one and close to 1, that is, the joint with forming force of 40kN. The tensile strength and shear strength of clinched joint are higher than the design index (shear strength is 1700N, tensile strength is 700N). The tensile strength was increased by 125%, and the shear strength was 62.35%.

Application of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Quenching Process Parameters of 17Cr2Ni2Mo Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
pp. 508-513
Author(s):  
Chun Jing Liu ◽  
Dun Bing Tang ◽  
Hua He
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Austenitizing Temperature ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Gear Steel ◽  
Quenching Process ◽  
Fast Development

With fast development of output, light-weighting and high performance of automobile, 17Cr2Ni2Mo steel, as an important vehicle-used gear steel, has to improve properties to fulfill the development. The performance of 17Cr2Ni2Mo steel is affected by quenching process parameters. In order to investigate the effect of austenitizing temperature and holding time on the quenching hardness and tensile strength, the central composite design (CCD) and response surface method (RSM) are applied to optimize the operating variables viz. austenitizing temperature and holding time. Multi-objective optimization developed for the two responses (quenching hardness and tensile strength) indicates the optimum conditions to be 920.46°C of austenitizing temperature and 0 h of holding time, while the values of quenching hardness, tensile strength are not less than 43.47 HRC and 1616.42 MPa. The gear has advantages with mechanical strength and abrasion resistance energy when 17Cr2Ni2Mo steel is produced using the optimum parameters.

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