Rancang Bangun Alat Bantu Panjat Pohon Kelapa

The design of coconut tree climbing aids purposes to make it easier and provide a sense of security to climb trees even though they do not have climbing skills. This tool uses a 2024 series hollow aluminum material which has a maximum tensile strength of 302 MPa which is able to withstand a force of 7097Nmm which is greater than the maximum force that occurs which is 2000Nmm. This material has the ability to withstand a moment of 450.282Nmm greater than the moment that occurs of 100,000 Nmm, so the operator is safe without worry breaking. The testing of this tool has been proven to make it easier for humans who do not have climbing skills to a height of 6 m while those who have skills to climb coconut trees without tools can only reach a height of 3 m. this is because climbers who have skills still feel awkward using coconut tree climbing aids. So it can be concluded that this climbing aid is safe and even people who do not have climbing skills can climb coconut trees safely.

Compound connection mechanism of Al2O3 ceramic and TC4 Ti alloy with different joining modes

In this paper, laser welding-brazing of TC4 Titanium (Ti) alloy and Al2O3 ceramic dissimilar material was carried. The results showed that the Ti alloy and Al2O3 were joined by melting filler metal when the laser was concentrated in the Ti alloy side of the joint. The joint with one fusion weld and one brazed weld separated by remaining unmelted Ti alloy. Laser beam offset the Ti alloy 1.5 mm, Ti alloy would not be completely melted in joint. Through heat conduction, the filler metal melted occurred at the Ti-ceramic interface. A brazed weld was formed at the Ti-ceramic interface with the main microstructure of β-CuZn + Ti2Zn3, β-CuZn and Al2Cu + β-CuZn. The joint fractured at the brazed weld with the maximum tensile strength of 169 MPa.

The Study of Male-Female Chamfer Angle Effect on Aluminum 6061 Forging at Rotary Friction Welding Process

This research aims to investigate male-female chamfer angle effect on forging pressure, specimen length and the maximum tensile strength in splicing 6061 aluminum material, which used the rotary friction welding process. This research employed the analytical method to determine the timing of forging pressure as an initial reference to conduct the experimental study for the specimens test. The specimens were tested by varying the male-female chamfer angle, namely 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°. The results test were obtained the longest application of forging pressure at the male-female chamfer angle of 60° and the fastest application of forging pressure at the male-female chamfer angle of 15°. The change in length of the specimen during the welding process for each variation of the male-female chamfer angle varies due to the friction time different. The largest change in length was at the male-female chamfer angle of 15° and the smallest change in length at the male-female chamfer angle of 60°. The maximum tensile strength was obtained at the variation of male-female chamfer angle of 60° with a value of 226.47 MPa.

The Relation Tensile Strength And Flexibility Of Bamboo For Soil Stabilization

Bamboo is an abundant material and easily available in Indonesia. In addition to having high compressive strength and tensile strength as well as ease of obtaining and low prices, bamboo is a consideration and focus in developing in the world of construction today. In this study, bamboo is used for soil stabilization, where bamboo is used in the form of fibre. This research focuses on the strength properties of various types of bamboo. The focus is to investigate the relationship between the maximum tensile strength of bamboo and the flexibility of bamboo in soil stabilization. This is very important, because bamboo fibers used for soil stabilization rely on their tensile strength rather than their compressive strength. Thus, the optimum tensile strength and flexibility of bamboo must be of particular concern. From the results of the study of the tensile strength of two types of bamboo, namely Apus Bamboo and Java Bamboo, the Apus Bamboo results were found to have a higher tensile strength of 225.57 mpa with maximum flexibility of 19.99 mm and 43.76 mpa for tensile strength of Javanese Bamboo with a level of flexibility of 10.26 mm.

A Proposition for the Estimation of the Maximum Tensile Strength of Variously Charged Nanocellulosic Film Materials Provided by Vacuum Filtration

This short investigation deals with a review of the tensile strength properties of six different types of nanocellulose films (carboxymethylated, carboxymethylcellulose-grafted, enzymatically pretreated, phosphorylated, sulfoethylated, and alkoxylated nanocellulose films) manufactured using identical protocols and the determination of the apparent nanocellulose yield of the same nanocelluloses and their tensile strength properties at different extents of delamination (microfluidization). The purpose was to test a previously suggested procedure to estimate the maximum tensile strength on these different procedures. A second goal was to investigate the impact of the nanocellulose yield on the tensile strength properties. The investigations were limited to the nanocellulose research activities at RISE in Stockholm, because these investigations were made with identical experimental laboratory protocols. The importance of such protocols is also stressed. This review shows that the suggested procedure to estimate the maximum tensile strength is a viable proposition, albeit not scientifically proven. Secondly, there is a relationship between the nanocellulose yield and tensile strength properties, although there may not be a linear relationship between the two measures.

Microstructural and mechanical behavior of Al 6061/SiC-Al2O3 composites processed through friction stir processing

Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) reinforced in friction stir processing (FSP) has increased insights that can affectively attain the desired mechanical properties for the manufactured samples. The favorable conditions of carbides are considered for reinforcing the SiC particles into the Aluminum 6061. The methodology of fabricating Aluminum 6061 comprises of three materials, Al 6061-SiC-Al2O3. The experimental evaluation of the composite Aluminum 6061-SiC-Al2O3 includes the influence of process parameters on microhardness, tensile strength, and microstructure. As a result of the reinforcement of nanoparticles processed in FSP, the properties of composite material increased satisfactorily. The sample S3 observed to be having a maximum tensile strength of 185 MPa. The larger, the better condition is adopted to analyze the tensile strength of the fabricated samples. The optimum condition for maximum tensile strength was found at 900 RPM, 15 mm/min, and composition 3. The hardness profiles at different zones of friction stir processing (FSP), viz., Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), Thermo Mechanical Affected Zone (TMAZ), Nugget Zone (NZ) were examined. The characterization techniques deployed were optical microscope (OM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies for microstructural behavior. The result shows that the reinforcements were tightly embedded into the base material surface. The spherical grains are formed in the reinforcement region.

Effect of Ca and Zr Additions and Aging Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Sn Alloy

The effect of Ca and Zr Additions and Aging Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Sn alloy was investigated. It was found that the grain size of as-cast Mg-4Sn-xCa and Mg-4Sn-xZr alloys was refined with the increase of alloying elements addition. The alloys were solution-treated at 480 °C and aged at 160 °C, and the aging peak appeared after 4-5 h. The difference was that the maximum tensile strength and Brinell hardness of Mg-4Sn-0.3Ca were 140.7 MPa and 44.5 HB, respectively, while in Mg-4Sn-xZr alloy, Mg-4Sn-0.5Zr was optimal. The maximum tensile strength and Brinell hardness of Mg-4Sn-0.5Zr were 137.4 MPa and 41.5 HB, respectively. This difference was mainly due to the formation of the brittle phase CaMgSn in the Mg-4Sn-xCa alloy. The excessive brittle phase was not conducive to the strength of the alloy, but could increase the hardness of the alloy. However, Zr existed as a simple substance in the alloy, which can be used as a nucleation particle to inhibit grain growth and play a role of fine grain strengthening. But the addition of Zr did not form many hard phases, so the hardness did not change much.

EFFECT OF ALKALI TREATMENT ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF LIDAH MERTUA FIBER/ POLYPROPYLENE RECYCLED BIOCOMPOSITE

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of alkali fiber treatment on the tensile strength of composites. The material in this study was recycled polypropylene from plastic beverage glass and lidah mertua fiber with a fiber length of 180 mm, fiber treatment using 5% NaOH and without treatment. Composite specimens were prepared using the hot press method at 170oC for 120 minutes. Tensile testing with the dimensions of the test specimen refers to ASTM D-638. The results of the test carried out the maximum tensile strength value of 71,606 MPa in fiber with 5% alkali treatment. The tensile strength of composites with alkali treatment increased 223% compared to the tensile strength without alkali