scholarly journals On the Reliability of Transformerless Photovoltaic DC/AC Converters Based on Mission Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ignacio Villanueva ◽  
Nimrod Vazquez ◽  
Joaquín Vaquero ◽  
Claudia Hernández ◽  
Héctor López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Conversion Stage ◽  
Ac Converters ◽  
Mission Profile

Photovoltaic systems are a technology for the generation of electrical energy that is constantly increasing thanks to current technological advances and that contributes to sustainable development. The main stages of photovoltaic systems are the conversion stage, using an inverter, and filtering. These systems may be considered as a mature and growing technology; however, regarding its reliability, there exists some uncertainties, and they are related to the operation, incidents, and its potential failures, due to the number of elements, the environment, and the operating nominal values. For this reason, this article presents a comparative analysis of the reliability of single-phase transformerless photovoltaic inverters used to inject active power into the grid. This evaluation is carried out under the same design specifications for all the inverters analyzed; the study is made using a mission profile considering the IEC TR 62380 standard, where the events and environmental operating conditions are defined, and numerical simulations. This work is aimed at providing suggestions to improve the quality of the photovoltaic system also considering reliability.

scholarly journals Factors of photovoltaic system cost affect in Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Janner Leonel Santos Mantuano ◽  
Mario Javier Carreño Vera ◽  
Ever Nevárez Cedeño
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Hours ◽  
The Impact

A photovoltaic system is a set of devices that take advantage of the energy produced by the sun and convert it into electrical energy. The impact produced by the possibility of using solar energy in a controlled manner for different uses and purposes has allowed the development of complete systems of transformation, storage and distribution of the energy produced with photovoltaic systems as appropriate. The production of electricity from solar radiation using solar cells and photovoltaic panels is an application that has yet fully disseminated in Third World countries, such as Ecuador. The generation of electric power will depend on the hours that the sun shines and affects the solar panel, the type and quantity of modules installed, orientation, inclination, solar radiation that reaches them, quality of the installation and the power that can be delivered to the user. Ecuador is in a privileged location in terms of solar radiation, because the equatorial line that divides the planet into two hemispheres passes through it, being almost perpendicular to the radiation it receives. In addition, this does not change during the year and there a constant angle of incidence, characteristics that give photovoltaic solar energy a great potential for use. In the investigation, an analysis of how the prices of photovoltaic systems affect the Province of Manabí, the methodology used has been the bibliographic review to know as much as possible about what replenishes the costs of photovoltaic systems.

Improvement of the Electric Energy Quality While Using a Super-Compensator

2013 ◽  
Vol 313-314 ◽  
pp. 858-864
Author(s):  
A. Rahmouni ◽  
B. Mazari ◽  
C. Benachaiba
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Active Filter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Continuous Power

This paper is a contribution to improve the quality of the electrical energy, of which we study a new compensator that is a combination between a parallel active filter and an UPQC. The two FAP parts use a method of identification of the disruptive currents taking as a basis on calculates it of the reference currents from the components fundamental of the load current relative to the active and reactive continuous powers. that is based on the calculated reference currents from the fundamental components of the load current on the active and the reactive continuous power. That is metered to demonstrate the reliability and effectiveness of this compensator. We were compared it with the UPQC under the same operating conditions. The results of this work have shown that this new control method and highly efficient and super- compensator also gave satisfactory results compared to the UPQC in the case where the load is doubled.

scholarly journals PV Emulation by using DC Programmable Sources

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Pelin ◽  
Milan Opačak ◽  
Matej Pal
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Pv Modules

The paper describes fast emulation of one selected photovoltaic system. This type of emulation reduces emulation time multiple times regarding standard emulation. By speeding up emulation time it is possible to predict electricity generation in advance on a daily basis. This facilitates the evaluation and comparison of electricity generation of photovoltaic systems of different power and/or different photovoltaic (PV) modules. The emulated electrical energy of the selected photovoltaic systems will make it possible to put forward recommendations concerning the choice of the optimal photovoltaic system with regard to the climate elements of the region

scholarly journals Knowledge-Based Sensors for Controlling A High-Concentration Photovoltaic Tracker

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquin Canada-Bago ◽  
Jose-Angel Fernandez-Prieto ◽  
Manuel-Angel Gadeo-Martos ◽  
Pedro Perez-Higueras
Keyword(s):  
Computer Architecture ◽  
Fuzzy Rule ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Real ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
High Degree

To reduce the cost of generated electrical energy, high-concentration photovoltaic systems have been proposed to reduce the amount of semiconductor material needed by concentrating sunlight using lenses and mirrors. Due to the concentration of energy, the use of tracker or pointing systems is necessary in order to obtain the desired amount of electrical energy. However, a high degree of inaccuracy and imprecision is observed in the real installation of concentration photovoltaic systems. The main objective of this work is to design a knowledge-based controller for a high-concentration photovoltaic system (HCPV) tracker. The methodology proposed consists of using fuzzy rule-based systems (FRBS) and to implement the controller in a real system by means of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. FRBS have demonstrated correct adaptation to problems having a high degree of inaccuracy and uncertainty, and IoT technology allows use of constrained resource devices, cloud computer architecture, and a platform to store and monitor the data obtained. As a result, two knowledge-based controllers are presented in this paper: the first based on a pointing device and the second based on the measure of the electrical current generated, which showed the best performance in the experiments carried out. New factors that increase imprecision and uncertainty in HCPV solar tracker installations are presented in the experiments carried out in the real installation.

scholarly journals Influence of Single-Phase Solar Photovoltaic Systems on Total Harmonic Distortion: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Chin Kim Gan ◽  
Sara Ragab Mahmoud ◽  
Kyairul Azmi Baharin ◽  
Mohd Hendra Hairi
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Total Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
The Impact

<span>The installation of small-scale solar photovoltaic system has recently gaining popularity in Malaysia mainly driven by the Feed-in Tariff scheme. Given its relatively small generation capacity, the single-phase solar inverters are not required to comply with power quality standard. Neverthelss, the impact of small-scale solar system on the grid could become significant when the penetration is increasing over the years. In this regard, this paper presents a case study on the influence of single-phase grid-connected solar photovoltaic systems on the total harmonic distortion for current at the point of common coupling. Field measurements have been carried out for a total of 12 single-phase solar systems which were installed at three different locations at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Detailed analyses have been performed to characterize the aggregated current harmonic performance for the overall system.  The findings from the presented case study suggest that the current quality from the inverter is highly dependent on the level of inverter output. Hence, the proper selection of the array-to-inverter ratio at the system design stage could greatly improve the overall total harmonic performance performance for current.</span><span>The installation of small-scale solar photovoltaic system has recently gaining popularity in Malaysia mainly driven by the Feed-in Tariff scheme. Given its relatively small generation capacity, the single-phase solar inverters are not required to comply with power quality standard. Neverthelss, the impact of small-scale solar system on the grid could become significant when the penetration is increasing over the years. In this regard, this paper presents a case study on the influence of single-phase grid-connected solar photovoltaic systems on the total harmonic distortion for current at the point of common coupling. Field measurements have been carried out for a total of 12 single-phase solar systems which were installed at three different locations at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Detailed analyses have been performed to characterize the aggregated current harmonic performance for the overall system.  The findings from the presented case study suggest that the current quality from the inverter is highly dependent on the level of inverter output. Hence, the proper selection of the array-to-inverter ratio at the system design stage could greatly improve the overall total harmonic performance performance for current.</span>

scholarly journals Monitoring of Photovoltaic Systems: A case study URERMS Adrar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Ahmed Bouraiou ◽  
Ammar Neçaibia ◽  
Rachid Dabou ◽  
Abderrezzaq Ziane ◽  
Nordine Sahouane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Generator

The electrical energy generation via the Photovoltaic system is widely utilized in the world especially in the countries where it is characterized by considerable potential of solar energy. PV systems are affected by several factors that can reduce its efficiency such as PV generator aging, failures. Photovoltaic systems monitoring is a important task for guaranteeing the reliability and stability of PV system operation. This paper addresses the monitoring of PV systems in renewable energy research unit in the Saharan region (URERMS) Adrar, through to give an insigth about the methods of measuring, acquisition, data storage of monitored parameters. In addition, the existing problems for insuring the suitable solution.

Control of Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Using Three-Level T-Type Inverter

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmalik Zorig ◽  
Mohammed Belkeiri ◽  
Said Barkat ◽  
Abdelhamid Rabhi
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Switching Losses ◽  
Dual Stage ◽  
Vector Modulation ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Balancing Control

Abstract Three-level T-Type inverter (3LT2I) topology has numerous advantageous compared to three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter. The main benefits of 3LT2I inverter are the efficiency, inverter cost, switching losses, and the quality of output voltage waveforms. In this paper, a photovoltaic distributed generation system based on dual-stage topology of DC-DC boost converter and 3LT2I is introduced. To that end, a decoupling control strategy of 3LT2I is proposed to control the current injected into the grid, reactive power compensation, and DC-link voltage. The resulting system is able to extract the maximum power from photovoltaic generator, to achieve sinusoidal grid currents, and to ensure reactive power compensation. The voltage-balancing control of two split DC capacitors of the 3LT2I is achieved using three-level space vector modulation with balancing strategy based on the effective use of the redundant switching states of the inverter voltage vectors. The proposed system performance is investigated at different operating conditions.

scholarly journals Temperature Analysis of the Stand-Alone and Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems Based on Simulation and Measurement Data

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4274
Author(s):  
Adam Idzkowski ◽  
Karolina Karasowska ◽  
Wojciech Walendziuk
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Photovoltaic Effect ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
The Impact

Sunlight is converted into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect in photovoltaic cells. Energy yield of photovoltaic systems depends on the solar array location, orientation, tilt, tracking and local weather conditions. In order to determine the amount of energy produced in a photovoltaic system, it is important to analyze the operation of the photovoltaic (PV) arrays in real operating conditions and take into account the impact of external factors such as irradiance, ambient temperature or the speed of blowing wind, which is the natural coolant of PV panels. The analysis was carried out based on mathematical models and actual measurement data, regarding the dependence of the average temperature of PV arrays on variable and difficult to predict ambient conditions. The analysis used standard (nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT)), King, Skoplaki, Faiman and Mattei thermal models and the standard model for flat-plate photovoltaic arrays. Photovoltaic installations PV1, PV2a and PV2b, being part of the hybrid power plant of the Bialystok University of Technology, Poland, were the objects of the research. In the case of a free-standing solar system, the Skoplaki model proved to be the best method for determining the average temperatures of the PV arrays. For building-integrated PV systems, a corrected value of the mounting coefficient in the Skoplaki model was proposed, and the original results were compared. The comparison of the accuracy measures of the average operating temperatures for three micro-power plants, differently mounted and located, is presented.

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