scholarly journals Scutellariae Radix and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Mixture Regulate PPARγ/RXR Signaling in Reflux Esophagitis

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jin A. Lee ◽  
Mi-Rae Shin ◽  
Hae-Jin Park ◽  
Seong-Soo Roh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Scutellariae Radix ◽  
The Impact

Objective. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a gastrointestinal disorder in which stomach contents reflux into the esophagus, causing complications such as mucosal damage. GERD is a very common disease and is on the rise worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a Scutellariae Radix and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium mixture (SC) on esophageal mucosal injury in rats with chronic acid reflux esophagitis (CARE). Methods. After inducing reflux esophagitis through surgery, the group was separated and the drug was administered for 2 weeks: normal rats (Normal, n = 8), CARE-induced rats were treated with distilled water (Control, n = 8), CARE-induced rats were treated with vitamin E 30 mg/kg body weight (VitE, n = 8), CARE-induced rats were treated with SC 100 mg/kg body weight (SC100, n = 8), and CARE-induced rats were treated with SC 200 mg/kg body weight (SC200, n = 8). Results. SC treatment significantly reduced the degree of esophageal mucosal damage, significantly reduced levels of MDA and MPO, and inhibited the activation of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway by activating the PPARγ/RXR pathway. In addition, SC treatment significantly regulated the expression of arachidonic acid-related proteins (COX-1, COX-2, and PGE2) and modulated the MMP/TIMP proteins in reflux esophagitis. Conclusion. Consequently, SC improved the damage to the esophageal mucosa. Also, the anti-inflammatory effects of the SC suggested the inhibition of NF-κB pathway through the activation of the PPARγ/RXR pathway, thereby reducing the expression of inflammation-related cytokines.

scholarly journals Dichloromethane Extracts of Geranium Koreanum Kom. Alleviates Esophagus Damage in Acute Reflux Esophagitis-Induced Rats by Anti-Inflammatory Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon Nam ◽  
Li Nan ◽  
Byung Choo
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
No Production ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Junction Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a gastrointestinal disease caused by the reflux of gastric acid and stomach contents, and it leads to esophageal damage. Therefore, it is necessary to study the improvement of esophageal damage on a RE-induced model. The present study was accomplished to demonstrate the protective effects of a dichloromethane fraction of Geranium koreanum (DGK) plant on esophageal damage in an acute RE rat model. First, we examined the potential of anti-inflammatory effects of various fractions measured by cell cytotoxicity, morphological changes and nitric oxide (NO) production on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. Then, to evaluate the protective effects on RE, rats were partitioned into the following groups: normal control, RE-induced control and RE rats pre-treated with DGK 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. The esophageal mucosal ulcer ratio was measured by the Image J program and histological changes were examined using a hematoxylin and eosin staining of the esophageal mucosa. The expression of pro-inflammatory proteins, cytokines and tight junction proteins involved in the esophageal mucosal damage were investigated using Western blotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit with esophagus tissue. DGK chemical profile and phenolic contents were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that DGK exhibited anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-stimulated cells by significantly inhibiting NO production. Additionally, the results in vivo showed that improvement effects of DGK on esophageal mucosal damage. The expression of inflammatory proteins involved in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways and tight junction protein (claudin-4 and -5) were significantly decreased in esophageal mucosa. We found the potential of DGK as source of replacement therapy products for inflammatory and RE disease.

PS01.142: THE IMPACT OF CERVICAL LYMPH NODE DISSECTION ON ACID AND DUODENOGASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX AFTER INTRATHORACIC ESOPHAGOGASTROSTOMY FOLLOWING TRANSTHORACIC ESOPHAGECTOMY

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 90-90
Author(s):  
Masahide Fukaya ◽  
Kazushi Miyata ◽  
Keita Itatsu ◽  
Soichiro Asai ◽  
Kimitoshi Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Transthoracic Esophagectomy ◽  
Node Dissection ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Duodenogastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cervical lymph node dissection on acid and duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGER) in patients undergoing transthoracic esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction and intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy. Methods Thirty one patients receiving transthoracic esophagectomy gastric tube reconstruction by intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy were subjected and divided into two groups: two field lymph node dissection group (the 2F group) and three field lymph node dissection group (the 3F group). All patients underwent 24h pH and bilirubin monitoring and gastrointestinal endoscopy one year after surgery. The results of 24h pH and bilirubin monitoring, endoscopic findings, and reflux symptoms, were compared between two groups. Results No acid reflux was observed in the 2F group, whereas it was observed in 6 (40%) of the 3F group (P = 0.023). DGER was observed in 2 patients (13%) of the 2F groups, whereas it was observed in 8 (53%) of the 3F group (P = 0.007). The percentage time of acid reflux in the 3F group was significant higher than that in the 2F group (median 0.8 vs 0%, P = 0.008). The percentage time of bile reflux in the 3F group was also significantly higher than that in the 2F group (median 2.600 vs 0%, P = 0.027). Four patients (25%) had reflux esophagitis in the 2F group, and nine patients (60%) had reflux esophagitis in the 3F group (P = 0.048). Conclusion Cervical lymph node dissection increases acid reflux and duodenogastroesophageal reflux, and can lead to the increase of the incidence of reflux esophagitis in patient with intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals Effect of Evodiae Fructus and Arecae Semen Mixture on Esophageal Mucosa in Chronic Acid Reflux Esophagitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Jin A Lee ◽  
Mi-Rae Shin ◽  
Hae-Jin Park ◽  
Seong-Soo Roh
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa

scholarly journals The impact of fat distribution in obesity

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ginzburg ◽  
G. S. Kozupitsa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
The Impact

Obesity remains the most common disease in the population of economically developed countries. 16-25% of the inhabitants of these countries have a body weight exceeding the norm by more than 15%. There has been an increase in the incidence of obesity over the past 20 years. The connection between overweight and such formidable diseases as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is well known. The current state and especially long-term results of the treatment of obesity remain unsatisfactory. It is known that in more than 80% of patients the initial body weight is restored within the first 3-6 months after the end of the course of treatment. The mechanisms of the development of diseases associated with obesity have not been fully studied, and therefore pathogenetically substantiated treatment regimens have not been developed. After the classic work of J. Vague, performed more than 40 years ago, there are many studies showing that the risk of developing diseases associated with obesity depends not only on the degree of excess body weight, patient age, duration of the disease, but also on the distribution of fat. According to some reports, the dependence on the distribution of fat is more pronounced than the dependence on other factors, in particular on the degree of obesity. It turned out that complications are more characteristic for patients with a predominant accumulation of fat on the trunk and in the abdominal cavity (android, or abdominal, or visceral, or upper obesity) and are less typical for patients with a predominant deposition of fat on the buttocks and hips (gynoid, or gluteofemoral, or lower obesity).

scholarly journals Body Mass, Physical Activity and Eating Habits Changes during the First COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5682
Author(s):  
Hubert Dobrowolski ◽  
Dariusz Włodarek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a number of changes in social life around the world. In response to the growing number of infections, some countries have introduced restrictions that may have resulted in the change of the lifestyle. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of the lockdown on body weight, physical activity and some eating habits of the society. The survey involving 183 people was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire. The mean age of the study participants was 33 ± 11 and mean height 169 ± 8 cm. An average increase in body weight was observed in 49.18% by 0.63 ± 3.7 kg which was the result of a decrease in physical activity and an increase in food consumption. We also observed a decrease in PAL from 1.64 ± 0.15 to 1.58 ± 0.13 and changes in the amount of food and individual groups of products consumption, including alcohol. Among the study participants who did not lose body mass, there was an average weight gain of 2.25 ± 2.5 kg. In conclusion, an increase of weight was shown in about half of the respondents in the study group which was associated with a decrease in physical activity and an increase in the consumption of total food and high energy density products.

Impact of Weight-Band Dosing of Tinzaparin for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis on Persistent Wound Drainage in Adult Patients Undergoing Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. 106002802110242
Author(s):  
Cassandra Cooper ◽  
Ouida Antle ◽  
Jennifer Lowerison ◽  
Deonne Dersch-Mills ◽  
Ashley Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Total Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Thromboembolism Prophylaxis ◽  
Wound Drainage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Persistent wound drainage and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are potential complications of total joint arthroplasty, and these risks can be challenging to balance in clinical practice. Anecdotal observation has suggested that following joint arthroplasty, persistent wound drainage occurs more frequently with higher body weight and higher doses of tinzaparin when compared with lower body weight and lower doses of tinzaparin. Objective: The overall purpose of this study was to describe the impact of a tinzaparin weight-band dosing table for VTE prophylaxis on wound healing, thrombosis, and bleeding outcomes in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty. Methods: This retrospective chart review included patients who underwent total hip or knee arthroplasty and received tinzaparin for thromboprophylaxis per their weight-banding category. The primary outcome was the incidence of persistent wound drainage. Secondary outcomes include the occurrence of VTE and clinically important bleeding during hospital admission. Results: A total of 231 patients were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference in persistent wound drainage between the 3 weight categories, and there were no differences in rates of VTE or clinically important bleeding. Concurrent use of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid was associated with a 3-fold increased risk of persistent wound drainage (risk ratio = 3.35; 95% CI = 2.14-5.24; P = 0.00003). Conclusion and Relevance: In joint arthroplasty patients, we observed no significant difference in rates of persistent wound drainage between various weight categories receiving different weight-banded doses of tinzaparin. Our results do not suggest that the current weight-band dosing table for tinzaparin needs to be adjusted to optimize patient outcomes.

scholarly journals 98 Impact of social mixing on feedlot steer eating and lying behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Amanda J Hubbard ◽  
Jason Sawyer ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Jenny Jennings ◽  
Courtney L Daigle
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Social Mixing ◽  
Tactile Contact ◽  
Mixing Proportion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This study evaluated the impact of mixing cattle from two sources of feedlot steers (n = 96) on feeding and lying behavior. Angus crossbred steers (n = 48 McG and n = 48 BCS), similar in genetic composition, were transported (833.64 ± 85.29 km) to a feedlot 39-d prior to mixing where the two sources were housed without visual or tactile contact. Steers, blocked by source and stratified by d -34 body weight, were randomly assigned to one of 12 pens (n = 8 steers/pen) for the 42-d study. Pens were assigned to one of two treatments (n = 6 pens/treatment): 1) NOMIX—100% of cattle from McG (n = 3 pens) or BCS (n = 3 pens) and, 2) MIX—50% of cattle from BCS and 50% from McG (n = 6 pens). Instantaneous scan sampling (n = 61 scans/d; 10 min intervals) recorded the number of steers per pen eating and lying on d1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 28, 29, 36, and 37 after mixing. Proportion of steers lying varied across time (P < 0.0001); however, a greater proportion of steers laid down on d1 compared to d7, 8, 9, 16, and 28 (P < 0.03). The proportion of steers observed eating increased over time (P < 0.0001). Fewer steers ate on d1 than d9, 14, 15, 28, 29, and 36 (all P < 0.01). More steers were observed eating on d8 and 16 than the first seven days (all P < 0.01) and on d37 than the first 6 days (all P < 0.02). While there was no impact of mixing, data indicate that handling and sorting cattle into new pens impacts eating and lying behavior and it takes approximately a week for behavior to stabilize.

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