Abstract 5698: MicroRNA-31 acts as an oncomir in lung cancer by repressing specific tumor suppressors

Lung cancer accounts for a large proportion of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Personalized therapeutic medicine based on the genetic characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a promising field, and discovering clinically applicable biomarkers of NSCLC is required. LINC00472 is a long non-coding RNA and has been recently suggested to be a biomarker of NSCLC, but little is known of its mechanism in NSCLC. Thus, the current study was performed to document changes in gene expression after LINC00472 overexpression in NSCLC cells. As a result of cell viability and migration assay, LINC00472 downregulated cell survival, proliferation, and motility. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed 3,782 genes expression were changed in LINC00472 overexpressing cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed most genes were associated with intracellular metabolism. The PPP1R12B, RGS5, RBM5, RBL2, LDLR and PTPRM genes were upregulated by LINC00472 overexpression and these genes functioned as tumor suppressors in several cancers. In contrast, SPSB1, PCNA, CD24, CDK5, CDC25A, and EIF4EBP1 were downregulated by LINC00472, and they functioned as oncogenes in various cancers. Consequently, the function of LINC00472 in tumorigenesis might be related to changes in the expressions of other oncogenes and tumor suppressors.

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Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Tumor Initiation and Progression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21082774 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 2774 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruben Mercado Santos ◽

Cerena Moreno ◽

Wen Cai Zhang

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Tumor Suppressors ◽

Lung Tumor ◽

Circular Rnas ◽

Tumor Initiating Cells ◽

Cancer Initiation ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Society Today ◽

Cell Signaling Pathways

Lung cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer affecting society today. Non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), through the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic changes they impose, have been found to be dysregulated to affect lung cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review will briefly summarize hallmarks involved in lung cancer initiation and progression. For initiation, these hallmarks include tumor initiating cells, immortalization, activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressors. Hallmarks involved in lung cancer progression include metastasis and drug tolerance and resistance. The targeting of these hallmarks with non-coding RNAs can affect vital metabolic and cell signaling pathways, which as a result can potentially have a role in cancerous and pathological processes. By further understanding non-coding RNAs, researchers can work towards diagnoses and treatments to improve early detection and clinical response.

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Relationship between the efficacy of immunotherapy and characteristics of specific tumor mutation genes in non‐small cell lung cancer patients

Thoracic Cancer ◽

10.1111/1759-7714.13447 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1647-1654

Author(s):

Peng Song ◽

Dongliang Yang ◽

Hanping Wang ◽

Xiaoxia Cui ◽

Xiaoyan Si ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Specific Tumor

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MicroRNAs and Lung Cancer: New Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressors, New Prognostic Factors and Potential Therapeutic Targets

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/092986709787581833 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1047-1061 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Cecile Ortholan ◽

Marie-Pierre Puissegur ◽

Marius Ilie ◽

Pascal Barbry ◽

Bernard Mari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Tumor Suppressors ◽

Therapeutic Targets

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The Function of Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer Tumorigenesis

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers11050605 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 605 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Cornelia Braicu ◽

Alina-Andreea Zimta ◽

Antonia Harangus ◽

Ioana Iurca ◽

Alexandru Irimie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Tumor Suppressors ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Significant Part ◽

Future Research ◽

Lung Tumorigenesis ◽

Highly Efficient ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Cancer Studies

Lung cancer is the most prevalent and deadliest cancer worldwide. A significant part of lung cancer studies is dedicated to the expression alterations of non-coding RNAs. The non-coding RNAs are transcripts that cannot be translated into proteins. While the study of microRNAs and siRNAs in lung cancer received a lot of attention over the last decade, highly efficient therapeutic option or the diagnostic methods based on non-coding RNAs are still lacking. Because of this, it is of utmost importance to direct future research on lung cancer towards analyzing other RNA types for which the currently available data indicates that are essential at modulating lung tumorigenesis. Through our review of studies on this subject, we identify the following non-coding RNAs as tumor suppressors: ts-46, ts-47, ts-101, ts-53, ts-3676, ts-4521 (tRNA fragments), SNORD116-26, HBII-420, SNORD15A, SNORA42 (snoRNAs), piRNA-like-163, piR-35127, the piR-46545 (piRNAs), CHIAP2, LOC100420907, RPL13AP17 (pseudogenes), and uc.454 (T-UCR). We also found non-coding RNAs with tumor-promoting function: tRF-Leu-CAG, tRNA-Leu, tRNA-Val (tRNA fragments), circ-RAD23B, circRNA 100146, circPVT1, circFGFR3, circ_0004015, circPUM1, circFLI1, circABCB10, circHIPK3 (circRNAs), SNORA42, SNORA3, SNORD46, SNORA21, SNORD28, SNORA47, SNORD66, SNORA68, SNORA78 (snoRNAs), piR-65, piR-34871, piR-52200, piR651 (piRNAs), hY4 5’ fragments (YRNAs), FAM83A-AS1, WRAP53, NKX2-1-AS1 (NATs), DUXAP8, SFTA1P (pseudogene transcripts), uc.338, uc.339 (T-UCRs), and hTERC.

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Immune related adverse events (irAEs): A unique profile based on tumor type.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e14606 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e14606-e14606 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nitika Sharma ◽

Prashanti Atluri ◽

Chipman Robert Geoffrey Stroud ◽

Paul R. Walker ◽

Sulochana Devi Cherukuri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Tumor Biology ◽

Immune Checkpoint Blockade ◽

Tumor Type ◽

Metastatic Renal Cancer ◽

Specific Tumor ◽

Metastatic Lung ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Tumor Types ◽

Event Rates

e14606 Background: Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB) has revolutionized the treatment of a growing number of malignancies. Real world administration of oncolytics is often associated with increased adverse event rates versus what is demonstrated in clinical trials. Whether the tumor biology, site of disease burden or underlying organ dysfunction dictates the differing immune side effect profile in various malignancies remains to be understood. Methods: The incidence of grade 2-4 irAE was abstracted from medical records of all patients (pts) treated with ICB (ipilimumab and/or nivolumab) from 2011 to 2016 at a single institution. Results: Of the 126 pts reviewed, 82 pts had metastatic lung cancer, 31 pts had unresectable or metastatic melanoma, 13 pts had metastatic renal cancer(RCC). In the melanoma cohort, concurrent or sequential PD-1 and CTLA4 blockade was used in 10/31 pts. All of the lung cancer and RCC patients received anti-PD-1 alone. In the patients with lung cancer: pneumonitis was identified in 24%, SIRS in 16%, thrombosis in 11%, cerebritis in 9%, colitis in 4%, hepatitis in 4%, thyroiditis in 5%. In RCC, 8% pts experienced pneumonitis and 8% had thyroiditis. In the melanoma population, colitis was identified in 19%, SIRS in 10%, pneumonitis in 3%, thrombosis in 6%, adrenalitis in 6%, hepatitis in 3%. Colitis was seen in 2/13(15%) pts who got ipilimumab alone and 4/10(40%) pts who got both ipilimumab and nivolumab. Conclusions: Pneumonitis, SIRS and cerebritisappear to be the most prevalent irAEs in lung cancer as compared to melanoma or RCC. The incidence of pneumonitis was higher in RCC compared to melanoma. Colitis appears to have a higher incidence in melanoma, the incidence of which further increases when CTLA4 inhibitors are used in conjunction with anti-PD-1. The majority of the RCC patients tolerated ICB with no major irAEs. With the expanding use of ICB in advanced malignancies, increased awareness of these clinically significant and potentially serious irAEs is indispensable. Future trials designed to distinguish the incidence of irAEs in relation to specific tumor types would be informative. [Table: see text]

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