Gender Difference in Proteome of Brown Adipose Tissues between Male and Female Rats Exposed to a High Fat Diet

Epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated a close association between obesity and asthma. The current study investigated the effect of high-fat diet on tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and insulin resistance in ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized male and female rats. The rats were divided into eight groups (n=6 per group): female with the normal diet (F+ND), male with the normal diet (M+ND), female OVA-sensitized with the normal diet (F+SND), male OVA-sensitized with the normal diet (M+SND), female with high-fat diet (F+HFD), male with high-fat diet (M+HFD), female OVA-sensitized with high-fat diet (F+SHFD), and male OVA-sensitized with high-fat diet (M+SHFD). All rats were fed for 8 weeks with high-fat diet or standard pelts, and for another 4 weeks, they were sensitized with OVA or saline. At the end of the study, the tracheal responsiveness to methacholine, serum insulin, and blood glucose levels was measured. Also, insulin resistance indexes were determined. OVA-sensitization and diet-induced obesity caused the curve of methacholine concentration response to shifting to the left. In addition, results indicated that the EC50 (the effective concentration of methacholine generating 50% of peak response) in F+SHFD rats was statistically lower than M+SHFD group (p<0.05). Moreover, insulin resistance was higher in the F+SHFD than the M+SHFD group (p<0.001). These results suggest that insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome may be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity associated with OVA-sensitized rats condition, especially in female animals.

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Effects of Diet-Induced Obesity on Hypothalamic Kisspeptin-Neurokinin-Dynorphin (KNDy) Neurons and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Sex Hormone-Primed Male and Female Rats

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A537-A537

Author(s):

Shiori Minabe ◽

Kinuyo Iwata ◽

Hitoshi Ozawa

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Rats ◽

Male Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Neurokinin B ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Kndy Neurons

Abstract Metabolic stress resulting from a nutrient excess causes infertility in both sexes. Kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been suggested to be key players in reproduction via direct stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and subsequent gonadotropin release in mammalian species. In this study, we investigated the sex differences in the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on KNDy-associated gene expression in the ARC to determine the pathogenic mechanism underlying obesity-induced infertility. Wistar-Imamichi strain male and female rats (7 weeks of age) were fed either a standard diet (10% calories from fat) or high-fat diet (45% calories from fat) for 4 months. In male rats, the HFD caused a significant suppression of Kiss1(encoding kisspeptin), Tac3(encoding neurokinin B), and Pdyn(encoding dynorphin A) gene expression in the ARC, resulting in a decrease in plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. In female rats, 58% of the HFD-fed female rats exhibited irregular estrous cycles, while the other rats showed regular cycles. LH pulses were found, and the numbers of ARC Kiss1-,Tac3-, and Pdyn-expressing cells were high in control animals and almost allHFD-fed female rats, but two out of 10 rats showed profound HFD-induced suppression of LH pulse frequency and reduction in these cells. No statistical differences in LH secretion or ARC KNDy gene expression were observed between HFD-fed and control female rats. Additionally, the number of Gnrh1-expressing cells in the preoptic area was comparable between the groups in both sexes. Our findings revealed that HFD-fed male rats showed KNDy-dependent infertility, while irregular menstruation was mainly induced by KNDy-independent pathways during the incipient stage of obese infertility in female rats. Taken together, hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons in male rats may be susceptible to HFD-induced obesity compared with those in female rats.

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Energy expenditure in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats before and after the introduction of a high-fat diet

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00549.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 299 (4) ◽

pp. R1097-R1105 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Matthew R. Jackman ◽

Paul S. MacLean ◽

Daniel H. Bessesen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Energy Intake ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Before And After

While most rats gain weight when placed on a high-fat diet (HFD), some strains resist HFD-induced weight gain. To maintain weight, obesity-resistant (OR) rats must either eat less than obesity-prone (OP) rats or increase total energy expenditure (TEE). To determine if changes in TEE predispose to or protect from weight gain, energy expenditure, energy intake, and weight gain were measured in male and female OP and OR rats consuming a low-fat diet (LFD) and for 5 days after switching to a HFD. After 5 days on a HFD, OP rats gained significantly more weight (male: 42.8 ± 6.9 g, female: 25.5 ± 3.0 g) than their OR counterparts (male: 24.0 ± 7.5 g, female: 13.7 ± 1.4 g). Both male and female rats significantly increased their energy intake when transitioned to the HFD, and TEE increased modestly in all groups. Compared with female OP rats, female OR rats had a significantly greater increase in TEE on the HFD. This was due to an increase in both resting and nonresting energy expenditure. In contrast, the effect of the HFD in males was minor. TEE was also measured in female rats consuming a HFD, pair fed to LFD calories. The increase in TEE of pair-fed female OR rats was substantially less than what was seen in the HFD ad libitum condition. Physical activity was also measured in female rats. There was no evidence that increases in physical activity were the cause of the increased TEE seen in female OR rats consuming a HFD. These results suggest that resistance to HFD-induced weight gain in female OR rats may be due in part to an increase in TEE and a greater reliance on lipid as an energy source. Changes in TEE appear to be triggered by overconsumption of the HFD and not simply the diet composition.

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DNA microarray analysis reveals differential gene expression in the soleus muscle between male and female rats exposed to a high fat diet

Molecular Biology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11033-012-1486-2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 6569-6580 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tae Seok Oh ◽

Jong Won Yun

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Differential Gene Expression ◽

Microarray Analysis ◽

Dna Microarray ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Differential Gene

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Changes in the acinar activity patterns of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in livers of male and female rats upon feeding a high protein and a high fat diet

Histochemistry ◽

10.1007/bf00266386 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. Wimmer ◽

Ch. Luttringer ◽

M. Colombi

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

High Protein ◽

Female Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats

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Physiological and brain alterations produced by high-fat diet in male and female rats can be modulated by increased levels of estradiol during critical periods of development

Nutritional Neuroscience ◽

10.1080/1028415x.2017.1349574 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 29-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Beatriz Carrillo ◽

Paloma Collado ◽

Francisca Díaz ◽

Julie A. Chowen ◽

Mª Ángeles Pérez-Izquierdo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Rats ◽

Critical Periods ◽

High Fat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats

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Study on the Optimization and Stability of Single-dose Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Modelling in Rats

10.21203/rs.3.rs-310098/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yao Zhang ◽

Jiao Zhang ◽

Ming Hong ◽

Jingyi Huang ◽

Rui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Rats ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

And Control

Abstract Aim: This study was performed to optimize the experimental conditions in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model by using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to evaluate the stability of the model.Methods: In addition to the control group, the male and female SD rats were randomly divided into the following treatment groups (with six rats per group): STZ 45 (45 mg/kg STZ); STZ 65 (65 mg/kg STZ); STZ 85 (85 mg/kg STZ); high-fat diet with STZ 45; high-fat diet with STZ 65; and high-fat diet with STZ 85. Changes in the body weight and blood glucose were observed dynamically. Results: No significant differences were found in the blood glucose or body weight between the STZ 45 and control groups in both male and female rats, whether or not the rats were on a high-fat diet. However, significant differences were found in the blood glucose between the high-dose STZ and control groups in both male and female rats, regardless of whether the rats were on a high-fat diet or not (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the control group, significant differences in the blood glucose levels (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and higher blood glucose levels were found in the male rats fed with normal diet than those of rats fed with high-fat diet.Conclusions: In this study, male rats fed with ordinary feed and injected with 65 mg/kg STZ were the most stable and ideal diabetic rats.

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EFFECT OF OBESITY AND STATIN;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.02.499 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (02) ◽

pp. 216-220

Author(s):

Faizania Shabbir ◽

M. Mazhar Hussain ◽

Tausif Ahmed Rajput ◽

Alamgir Khan

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Treated Group ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Group I

Objectives: To observe the effect of obesity and subsequent atorvastatinadministration on MPV in high fat diet induced obese male and female Sprague Dawley rats.Study Design: Randomized control trial (RCT). Setting: Department of Physiology, Army MedicalCollege, Rawalpindi. Animal procurement and blood sampling was done at National Instituteof Health (NIH), Islamabad and biochemical assays were performed at Centre for Research inExperimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM), Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. Period: Thestudy was completed in 12 months. Material and Methods: Ninety healthy Sprague Dawley(male and female) rats were purchased and divided randomly into three equal groups. Ratsin normal control group (Group I) were given normal chow diet for three weeks. Rats in obesecontrol group (Group II) were given high fat diet for three weeks. Rats in obese treated group(Group III) were administered atorvastatin for three weeks in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day orally bygavage method after obesity induction. Terminal sampling was done at the end of the studyby intra-cardiac puncture. MPV is a part of blood complete picture that was analysed by KX 21Sysmex Hematology Analyzer. Results: High fat diet induced obesity resulted in a significant(p < 0.05) increase in MPV. The MPV was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased after atorvastatinadministration. The result was comparable for both genders. Conclusions: Obesity increasesMPV and hence the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcome. Atorvastatin apart from its knownlipid lowering effect, decreases MPV and can play a beneficial role in decreasing cardiovascularmorbidity and mortality.

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