scholarly journals EFFECT OF OBESITY AND STATIN;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Faizania Shabbir ◽  
M. Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Tausif Ahmed Rajput ◽  
Alamgir Khan
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Group I

Objectives: To observe the effect of obesity and subsequent atorvastatinadministration on MPV in high fat diet induced obese male and female Sprague Dawley rats.Study Design: Randomized control trial (RCT). Setting: Department of Physiology, Army MedicalCollege, Rawalpindi. Animal procurement and blood sampling was done at National Instituteof Health (NIH), Islamabad and biochemical assays were performed at Centre for Research inExperimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM), Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. Period: Thestudy was completed in 12 months. Material and Methods: Ninety healthy Sprague Dawley(male and female) rats were purchased and divided randomly into three equal groups. Ratsin normal control group (Group I) were given normal chow diet for three weeks. Rats in obesecontrol group (Group II) were given high fat diet for three weeks. Rats in obese treated group(Group III) were administered atorvastatin for three weeks in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day orally bygavage method after obesity induction. Terminal sampling was done at the end of the studyby intra-cardiac puncture. MPV is a part of blood complete picture that was analysed by KX 21Sysmex Hematology Analyzer. Results: High fat diet induced obesity resulted in a significant(p < 0.05) increase in MPV. The MPV was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased after atorvastatinadministration. The result was comparable for both genders. Conclusions: Obesity increasesMPV and hence the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcome. Atorvastatin apart from its knownlipid lowering effect, decreases MPV and can play a beneficial role in decreasing cardiovascularmorbidity and mortality. 

scholarly journals Metabolomics Profiling to Investigate the Pharmacologic Mechanisms of Berberine for the Treatment of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Zezhou Liu ◽  
Mingxing Guo ◽  
Kejia Xu ◽  
Miao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tof Ms

Objective. Berberine has been used to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which has been addressed in many studies. In this study, we investigated the molecular pharmacology mechanisms of berberine using metabolomic techniques.Methods. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (10 rats in each group): (i) normal control group; (ii) high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced NASH model group; and (iii) HFD berberine-treated group (i.d. 200 mg/kg). The handling procedure lasted eight weeks. Then, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS techniques coupled with histopathology and biochemical analyses were adopted to explore the mechanisms of berberine on the protective effects against NASH.Key Findings. (i) According to conventional test results, berberine treatment plays a fighting role in HFD-induced NASH due to its beneficial effects against insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. (ii) Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS techniques, metabolic profiles that involved sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), 13-hydroperoxy-9, 11-octadecadienoic acid (13-HpODE), eicosatrienoic acid, docosatrienoic acid, and eicosenoic acid could provide potential metabolic biomarkers to address the pharmacological mechanisms of berberine.Conclusions. The parts of molecular pharmacological mechanisms of berberine for NASH treatment are related to the regulation of metabolic disruption involving phospholipid and unsaturated fatty acids in rats with NASH.

scholarly journals Study on the Optimization and Stability of Single-dose Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Modelling in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Jiao Zhang ◽  
Ming Hong ◽  
Jingyi Huang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
And Control

Abstract Aim: This study was performed to optimize the experimental conditions in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model by using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to evaluate the stability of the model.Methods: In addition to the control group, the male and female SD rats were randomly divided into the following treatment groups (with six rats per group): STZ 45 (45 mg/kg STZ); STZ 65 (65 mg/kg STZ); STZ 85 (85 mg/kg STZ); high-fat diet with STZ 45; high-fat diet with STZ 65; and high-fat diet with STZ 85. Changes in the body weight and blood glucose were observed dynamically. Results: No significant differences were found in the blood glucose or body weight between the STZ 45 and control groups in both male and female rats, whether or not the rats were on a high-fat diet. However, significant differences were found in the blood glucose between the high-dose STZ and control groups in both male and female rats, regardless of whether the rats were on a high-fat diet or not (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the control group, significant differences in the blood glucose levels (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and higher blood glucose levels were found in the male rats fed with normal diet than those of rats fed with high-fat diet.Conclusions: In this study, male rats fed with ordinary feed and injected with 65 mg/kg STZ were the most stable and ideal diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Toxicity Evaluation of a Traditional Polyherbal Unani Formulation Jawarish Shahi in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-418
Author(s):  
Mohd Urooj ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Ahmed Khan ◽  
G. Thejaswini ◽  
Munawwar Husain Kazmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Salix Caprea ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Dose Levels

Jawarish Shahi (JS) is a compound polyherbal Unani pharmacopoeial formulation indicated for Khafqan (Palpitation), Nafkh-e-Shikam (Flatulence) and Waswas (Insanity; false perception and hallucinations). Jawarish Shahi contains herbs like Halela (Terminalia chebula), Amla (Emblica officinalis), Kishneez (Coriandrum sativum), Elaichi Khurd, (Elettaria cardamomum), and Bed Mushk (Salix caprea). The present study was carried out as per OECD 408 guidance to evaluate 90 days repeated oral dose toxicity in male and female Sprague Dawley rats. The study was performed at dose levels 1028 and 2000 mg/kg bw. No adverse effects were reported with respect to body weight, feed intake, behavior and clinical signs indicative of systemic toxicity. The expected growth pattern was observed in body weight and feed intake as compared to control group at both dose levels in male and female rats. There were few significant alterations with respect to hematology, and clinical biochemistry, however the results were within normal range thus considered toxicologically insignificant. The microscopic examination of different organ/tissue showed that no histopathological changes were observed. The findings of the study showed that No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for JS is greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight

scholarly journals Long-term High-fat-diet Feeding Impairs Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Liver of Male and Female Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antònia Nadal-Casellas ◽  
Emilia Amengual-Cladera ◽  
Ana María Proenza ◽  
Isabel Lladó ◽  
Magdalena Gianotti
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

scholarly journals Study on optimization and stability of a single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic modeling in rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Zhang ◽  
jiao Zhang ◽  
Ming Hong ◽  
Jingyi Huang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Male And Female Rats

Abstract BackgroundOptimization of experimental conditions in streptozotocin induced diabetic model in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to evaluate the stability of the model.MethodsMale and female SD rats were randomly divided into control group, STZ 45 group (STZ: 45 mg / kg), STZ 65 group (STZ: 65 mg / kg), STZ 85 group (STZ: 85 mg / kg), high fat diet with STZ 45 group (STZ: 45 mg / kg), high fat diet with STZ 65 group (STZ: 65 mg / kg), high fat diet with STZ 85 group (STZ: 85 mg / kg). N = 6 in each group. The changes of body weight and blood glucose were observed dynamically.ResultsThere was no significant difference in blood glucose or body weight between the STZ 45 group and the control group in both male and female rats, whether or not they were on a high-fat diet. However, there were significant differences in blood glucose between the high-dose STZ group and the control group in both male and female rats, regardless of whether the rats were on a high-fat diet or not (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, there were significant differences in blood glucose levels (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and higher blood glucose levels in the male rats fed with the normal diet than that in those fed with the high-fat diet.ConclusionsIn this study, male rats fed with ordinary feed and injected STZ dose of 65 mg / kg were the most stable and ideal diabetic rat.

scholarly journals The Effects of Eating a High Fat Diet on Sensitivity of Male and Female Rats to Methamphetamine and Dopamine D1 Receptor Agonist SKF 82958

2020 ◽  
Vol 374 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Ramos ◽  
Ethan J. Hardin ◽  
Alice H. Grant ◽  
Grace Flores-Robles ◽  
Adrian T. Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Dopamine D1 Receptor ◽  
D1 Receptor ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Skf 82958

scholarly journals Effect of High-fat Diet on Tracheal Responsiveness to Methacholine and Insulin Resistance Index in Ovalbumin-sensitized Male and Female Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ghobadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Alipour ◽  
Rana Keyhanmanesh ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Boskabady ◽  
Mohammad Reza Aslani
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

Epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated a close association between obesity and asthma. The current study investigated the effect of high-fat diet on tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and insulin resistance in ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized male and female rats. The rats were divided into eight groups (n=6 per group): female with the normal diet (F+ND), male with the normal diet (M+ND), female OVA-sensitized with the normal diet (F+SND), male OVA-sensitized with the normal diet (M+SND), female with high-fat diet (F+HFD), male with high-fat diet (M+HFD), female OVA-sensitized with high-fat diet (F+SHFD), and male OVA-sensitized with high-fat diet (M+SHFD). All rats were fed for 8 weeks with high-fat diet or standard pelts, and for another 4 weeks, they were sensitized with OVA or saline. At the end of the study, the tracheal responsiveness to methacholine, serum insulin, and blood glucose levels was measured. Also, insulin resistance indexes were determined. OVA-sensitization and diet-induced obesity caused the curve of methacholine concentration response to shifting to the left. In addition, results indicated that the EC50 (the effective concentration of methacholine generating 50% of peak response) in F+SHFD rats was statistically lower than M+SHFD group (p<0.05). Moreover, insulin resistance was higher in the F+SHFD than the M+SHFD group (p<0.001). These results suggest that insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome may be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity associated with OVA-sensitized rats condition, especially in female animals.  

scholarly journals Effects of Diet-Induced Obesity on Hypothalamic Kisspeptin-Neurokinin-Dynorphin (KNDy) Neurons and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Sex Hormone-Primed Male and Female Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A537-A537
Author(s):  
Shiori Minabe ◽  
Kinuyo Iwata ◽  
Hitoshi Ozawa
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Neurokinin B ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Kndy Neurons

Abstract Metabolic stress resulting from a nutrient excess causes infertility in both sexes. Kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) have been suggested to be key players in reproduction via direct stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and subsequent gonadotropin release in mammalian species. In this study, we investigated the sex differences in the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on KNDy-associated gene expression in the ARC to determine the pathogenic mechanism underlying obesity-induced infertility. Wistar-Imamichi strain male and female rats (7 weeks of age) were fed either a standard diet (10% calories from fat) or high-fat diet (45% calories from fat) for 4 months. In male rats, the HFD caused a significant suppression of Kiss1(encoding kisspeptin), Tac3(encoding neurokinin B), and Pdyn(encoding dynorphin A) gene expression in the ARC, resulting in a decrease in plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. In female rats, 58% of the HFD-fed female rats exhibited irregular estrous cycles, while the other rats showed regular cycles. LH pulses were found, and the numbers of ARC Kiss1-,Tac3-, and Pdyn-expressing cells were high in control animals and almost allHFD-fed female rats, but two out of 10 rats showed profound HFD-induced suppression of LH pulse frequency and reduction in these cells. No statistical differences in LH secretion or ARC KNDy gene expression were observed between HFD-fed and control female rats. Additionally, the number of Gnrh1-expressing cells in the preoptic area was comparable between the groups in both sexes. Our findings revealed that HFD-fed male rats showed KNDy-dependent infertility, while irregular menstruation was mainly induced by KNDy-independent pathways during the incipient stage of obese infertility in female rats. Taken together, hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons in male rats may be susceptible to HFD-induced obesity compared with those in female rats.

scholarly journals Histological and Hormonal Study of the Protective Effect of the Calotropis Procera Against the Toxicity of Mercury Chloride

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Leila Belfarhi ◽  
Ibtissem Chouba ◽  
Naziha Amri ◽  
Nadia Boukris ◽  
Abdelkrim Tahraoui
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Group I

We undertook this study with the aim of investigating the detoxification of an extreme toxic metal mercury chloride by the Calotropis procera plant taken from the Algerian Sahara. We studied the protective effects of the plant Calotropis procera against renal toxicity and Mercury chloride-induced hepatic. Ten male and female albino rats Wistar were divided into four equal groups. Group (I) served as a healthy control group, group (II) were intra-peritoneal administered with 10 ml of Calotropis procera, group (III) were intra-peritoneal administrated with both 10 ml of the plant Calotropis procera and 0.2 mg of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and group (IV) were intraperitoneal administrated with both 0.2 mg of mercuric chlorid (HgCl2) and 10 ml of the plant Calotropis. All groups were treated for 20 days. Mercury chloride causes a slight increase in glomerular cellularitis in the kidneys of male and female rats. Treatment with Calotropis procera had significantly improving protective effects of kidney of female rats from toxicity of mercuric chloride. Calotropis procera causes a thyroid-like appearance in the glomeruli of the male kidneys to hide the lesions of mercury chloride. Our results have shown that the plant Calotropis procera completely protects the liver of female rats against the toxicity of mercury chloride. In the liver of male rats, mercury chloride causes macro-vacuolar steatosis. Treatment with Calotrpois procera hid the hepatic steatosis of male rats and centralized them in the center under the aspect of peri-centro-lobular medio-vacuolar steatosis. Mercuric chloride caused a decrease in the secretion of the hormone ACTH in the group of male and female rats. Treatment with Calotropis procera caused increased ACTH levels in female rats and did not cause ACTH changes in male rats. Our results demonstrate from hormone analyzes of the hormone ACTH that female rats are resistant more than male rats via the toxicity of mercury chloride.

scholarly journals Energy expenditure in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats before and after the introduction of a high-fat diet

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (4) ◽  
pp. R1097-R1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Jackman ◽  
Paul S. MacLean ◽  
Daniel H. Bessesen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Before And After

While most rats gain weight when placed on a high-fat diet (HFD), some strains resist HFD-induced weight gain. To maintain weight, obesity-resistant (OR) rats must either eat less than obesity-prone (OP) rats or increase total energy expenditure (TEE). To determine if changes in TEE predispose to or protect from weight gain, energy expenditure, energy intake, and weight gain were measured in male and female OP and OR rats consuming a low-fat diet (LFD) and for 5 days after switching to a HFD. After 5 days on a HFD, OP rats gained significantly more weight (male: 42.8 ± 6.9 g, female: 25.5 ± 3.0 g) than their OR counterparts (male: 24.0 ± 7.5 g, female: 13.7 ± 1.4 g). Both male and female rats significantly increased their energy intake when transitioned to the HFD, and TEE increased modestly in all groups. Compared with female OP rats, female OR rats had a significantly greater increase in TEE on the HFD. This was due to an increase in both resting and nonresting energy expenditure. In contrast, the effect of the HFD in males was minor. TEE was also measured in female rats consuming a HFD, pair fed to LFD calories. The increase in TEE of pair-fed female OR rats was substantially less than what was seen in the HFD ad libitum condition. Physical activity was also measured in female rats. There was no evidence that increases in physical activity were the cause of the increased TEE seen in female OR rats consuming a HFD. These results suggest that resistance to HFD-induced weight gain in female OR rats may be due in part to an increase in TEE and a greater reliance on lipid as an energy source. Changes in TEE appear to be triggered by overconsumption of the HFD and not simply the diet composition.

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