Cognitive Functions Buffer Age Differences in Technology Ownership

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

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211 Investigation for correlation interrelationship between neurovegetative regulation state & psychoemotional status & cognitive functions in CHF pts before cardiosurgical myocardial revascularization

European Journal of Heart Failure Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-4215(06)80113-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 40-40

Author(s):

S KOMISSAROVA ◽

M PETROVSKAYA

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Functions ◽

Myocardial Revascularization

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Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie ◽

10.1024//1016-264x.12.1.8 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽

Ralf R. Dawirs

Keyword(s):

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Dentate Gyrus ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Experimental Approach ◽

Regulatory Mechanisms ◽

Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Invasive Method ◽

Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

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Intraindividual Variability and Stability of Affect and Well-Being

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000094 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 185-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Christina Röcke ◽

Annette Brose

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Emotional Experiences ◽

Short Term ◽

Regulatory Processes ◽

Functional Implications ◽

Methodological Approaches ◽

Underlying Processes

Whereas subjective well-being remains relatively stable across adulthood, emotional experiences show remarkable short-term variability, with younger and older adults differing in both amount and correlates. Repeatedly assessed affect data captures both the dynamics and stability as well as stabilization that may indicate emotion-regulatory processes. The article reviews (1) research approaches to intraindividual affect variability, (2) functional implications of affect variability, and (3) age differences in affect variability. Based on this review, we discuss how the broader literature on emotional aging can be better integrated with theories and concepts of intraindividual affect variability by using appropriate methodological approaches. Finally, we show how a better understanding of affect variability and its underlying processes could contribute to the long-term stabilization of well-being in old age.

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Video Games and Emotion Regulation

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 205-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kathryn L. Ossenfort ◽

Derek M. Isaacowitz

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Video Games ◽

Age Differences ◽

Interactive Media ◽

Age Groups ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Media Usage ◽

The Everyday ◽

Media Preferences

Abstract. Research on age differences in media usage has shown that older adults are more likely than younger adults to select positive emotional content. Research on emotional aging has examined whether older adults also seek out positivity in the everyday situations they choose, resulting so far in mixed results. We investigated the emotional choices of different age groups using video games as a more interactive type of affect-laden stimuli. Participants made multiple selections from a group of positive and negative games. Results showed that older adults selected the more positive games, but also reported feeling worse after playing them. Results supplement the literature on positivity in situation selection as well as on older adults’ interactive media preferences.

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Linguistische Fairness und differentielle Validität des Auditiven Wortlisten Lerntests (AWLT) bei Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ

Diagnostica ◽

10.1026/0012-1924/a000227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 193-204

Author(s):

Johannes Baltasar Hessler ◽

David Brieber ◽

Johanna Egle ◽

Georg Mandler ◽

Thomas Jahn

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Functions ◽

Kognitive Funktionen ◽

Alzheimer Demenz ◽

Test Sets

Zusammenfassung. Der Auditive Wortlisten Lerntest (AWLT) ist Teil des Test-Sets Kognitive Funktionen Demenz (CFD; Cognitive Functions Dementia) im Rahmen des Wiener Testsystems (WTS). Der AWLT wurde entlang neurolinguistischer Kriterien entwickelt, um Interaktionen zwischen dem kognitiven Status der Testpersonen und den linguistischen Eigenschaften der Lernliste zu reduzieren. Anhand einer nach Alter, Bildung und Geschlecht parallelisierten Stichprobe von gesunden Probandinnen und Probanden ( N = 44) und Patientinnen und Patienten mit Alzheimer Demenz ( N = 44) wurde mit ANOVAs für Messwiederholungen überprüft, inwieweit dieses Konstruktionsziel erreicht wurde. Weiter wurde die Fähigkeit der Hauptvariablen des AWLT untersucht, zwischen diesen Gruppen zu unterscheiden. Es traten Interaktionen mit geringer Effektstärke zwischen linguistischen Eigenschaften und der Diagnose auf. Die Hauptvariablen trennten mit großen Effektstärken Patientinnen und Patienten von Gesunden. Der AWLT scheint bei vergleichbarer differenzieller Validität linguistisch fairer als ähnliche Instrumente zu sein.

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Caffeine and Placebo Expectation

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803.21.2.91 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 91-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yunfeng Sun ◽

Yinling Zhang ◽

Ning He ◽

Xufeng Liu ◽

Danmin Miao

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Cardiovascular Regulation ◽

Double Blind ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Pressure Tests ◽

Healthy Males

Abstract. Caffeine placebo expectation seems to improve vigilance and cognitive performance. This study investigated the effect of caffeine and placebo expectation on vigilance and cognitive performance during 28 h sleep deprivation. Ten healthy males volunteered to take part in the double-blind, cross-over study, which required participants to complete five treatment periods of 28 h separated by 1-week wash-out intervals. The treatments were no substance (Control); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 (C200); placebo 200 mg at 00:00 (P200); twice caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and 04:00 (C200-C200); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and placebo 200 mg at 04:00 (C200-P200). Participants were told that all capsules were caffeine and given information about the effects of caffeine to increase expectation. Vigilance was assessed by a three-letter cancellation test, cognitive functions by the continuous addition test and Stroop test, and cardiovascular regulation by heart rate and blood pressure. Tests were performed bihourly from 00:00 to 10:00 of the second day. Results indicated that C200-P200 and C200-C200 were more alert (p < .05) than Control and P200. Their cognitive functions were higher (p < .05) than Control and P200. Also, C200-P200 scored higher than C200 in the letter cancellation task (p < .05). No test showed any significant differences between C200-P200 and C200-C200. The results demonstrated that the combination of caffeine 200 mg and placebo 200 mg expectation exerted prolonged positive effects on vigilance and cognitive performance.

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Comparable Modulation of the Late Positive Potential by Emotion Regulation in Younger and Older Adults

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 186-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Sandra J. E. Langeslag ◽

Jan W. Van Strien

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Facial Expressions ◽

Age Differences ◽

Late Positive Potential ◽

Self Report ◽

Apparent Discrepancy ◽

Positive Potential ◽

Psychophysiological Responses ◽

Psychophysiological Measures ◽

Emotional Pictures

It has been suggested that emotion regulation improves with aging. Here, we investigated age differences in emotion regulation by studying modulation of the late positive potential (LPP) by emotion regulation instructions. The electroencephalogram of younger (18–26 years) and older (60–77 years) adults was recorded while they viewed neutral, unpleasant, and pleasant pictures and while they were instructed to increase or decrease the feelings that the emotional pictures elicited. The LPP was enhanced when participants were instructed to increase their emotions. No age differences were observed in this emotion regulation effect, suggesting that emotion regulation abilities are unaffected by aging. This contradicts studies that measured emotion regulation by self-report, yet accords with studies that measured emotion regulation by means of facial expressions or psychophysiological responses. More research is needed to resolve the apparent discrepancy between subjective self-report and objective psychophysiological measures.

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