scholarly journals Set-Shifting Ability Is Associated with Gray Matter Volume in Older People with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Takao Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Older People ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Matter Volume

Background/Aims: An understanding of the association between gray matter volume and executive functioning could provide strategies to reduce dementia risk in older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: In a cross-sectional analysis, we assessed executive functioning in 83 older people with MCI using three standard neuropsychological tests: set shifting (difference between Trail Making Test Parts B and A), working memory (difference between Digit Span forward and backward from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV), and selective attention/response inhibition (difference between the second and third conditions of the color- and picture-word Stroop test). Gray matter volume was computed from brain MRIs and SIENAX from FSL software. Results: Gray matter volume was significantly associated with set-shifting performance after accounting for age, gender, body mass index, education, and global cognition (standardized β = -0.376, p = 0.001), but not with working memory or selective attention/response inhibition. Conclusion: The executive function of set-shifting ability was correlated with gray matter volume in older people with MCI.

P300 responses are associated with subcortical gray matter volume in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and normal aging

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Derya Durusu Emek-Sava ◽  
Berrin Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Duygu Hünerli ◽  
Deniz Yerlikaya ◽  
Arife Gökçeoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals MRI Markers for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Comparisons between White Matter Integrity and Gray Matter Volume Measurements

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e66367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Norbert Schuff ◽  
Monica Camacho ◽  
Linda L. Chao ◽  
Thomas P. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Measurements

Cortical Alterations Are Associated with Depression in Subcortical Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment Revealed by Surface-Based Morphometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-681
Author(s):  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Hanqing Lyu ◽  
Jianxiang Chen ◽  
Songjun Lin ◽  
Haotao Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Surface Based Morphometry

Background: Late-life depression often coexists with vascular cognitive impairment and affects the quality of life for elders. However, little is known about cortical morphometric interactions between subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) and concomitant mild depressive symptoms at the early stage. Objective: We aimed to investigate cortical alterations of svMCI with and without depressive symptoms and determine whether these parameters are associated with depression symptoms and/or cognitive impairments. Methods: Surface based morphometry was performed on 18 svMCI patients with depressive symptoms (svMCI + D), 16 svMCI patients without depressive symptoms (svMCI–D), and 23 normal controls (NC). Results: Compared to NC, both svMCI + D and svMCI–D patients exhibited significantly decreased surface area (SA) in many cortical areas. Interestingly, svMCI + D patients showed significantly increased rather than decreased SA in right lateral occipital gyrus (LOG.R), and a consistent trend of increased SA in these areas compared to svMCI–D. In addition, the svMCI + D showed increased gray matter volume of left pericalcarine (periCAL.L) than svMCI–D, whereas svMCI–D showed decreased gray matter volume of periCAL.L than NC. Further correlation analyses revealed that the SA of left superior temporal gyrus (STG.L) and right lateral orbital part of frontal gyrus (lorbFG.R) were significantly correlated with Hamilton depression rating scale of svMCI + D. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results extend our insight into svMCI and add weight to reevaluation of concomitant early stage depressive symptoms. Moreover, we suggest that LOG.R∖periCAL.L∖STG.L∖lorbFG.R might serve as sensitive and trait-dependent biomarkers to detect concomitant depressive symptoms in svMCI patients.

scholarly journals Poor balance and lower gray matter volume predict falls in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

BMC Neurology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Hyuntae Park ◽  
Daisuke Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Falls In Older Adults

Effects of Ganglioside on Working Memory and the Default Mode Network in Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 489-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujin Jeon ◽  
Binna Kim ◽  
Jieun E. Kim ◽  
Bori R. Kim ◽  
Soonhyun Ban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Matter Volume

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examined whether the administration of ganglioside, an active ingredient of deer bone extract, can improve working memory performance by increasing gray matter volume and functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) in individuals with subjective cognitive impairment. Seventy-five individuals with subjective cognitive impairment were chosen to receive either ganglioside (330[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/day or 660[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/day) or a placebo for 8 weeks. Changes in working memory performance with treatment of either ganglioside or placebo were assessed as cognitive outcome measures. Using voxel-based morphometry and functional connectivity analyses, changes in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in the DMN were also assessed as brain outcome measures. Improvement in working memory performance was greater in the ganglioside group than in the placebo group. The ganglioside group, relative to the placebo group, showed greater increases in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in the DMN. A significant relationship between increased functional connectivity of the precuneus and improved working memory performance was observed in the ganglioside group. The current findings suggest that ganglioside has cognitive-enhancing effects in individuals with subjective cognitive impairment. Ganglioside-induced increases in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in the DMN may partly be responsible for the potential nootropic effects of ganglioside. The clinical trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02379481).

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