scholarly journals Validation of Surrogates of Urine Osmolality in Population Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Youhanna ◽  
Lise Bankir ◽  
Paul Jungers ◽  
David Porteous ◽  
Ozren Polasek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Urine Concentration ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The importance of vasopressin and/or urine concentration in various kidney, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases has been emphasized recently. Due to technical constraints, urine osmolality (Uosm), a direct reflect of urinary concentrating activity, is rarely measured in epidemiologic studies. Methods: We analyzed 2 possible surrogates of Uosm in 4 large population-based cohorts (total n = 4,247) and in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD, n = 146). An estimated Uosm (eUosm) based on the concentrations of sodium, potassium, and urea, and a urine concentrating index (UCI) based on the ratio of creatinine concentrations in urine and plasma were compared to the measured Uosm (mUosm). Results: eUosm is an excellent surrogate of mUosm, with a highly significant linear relationship and values within 5% of mUosm (r = 0.99 or 0.98 in each population cohort). Bland-Altman plots show a good agreement between eUosm and mUosm with mean differences between the 2 variables within ±24 mmol/L. This was verified in men and women, in day and night urine samples, and in CKD patients. The relationship of UCI with mUosm is also significant but is not linear and exhibits more dispersed values. Moreover, the latter index is no longer representative of mUosm in patients with CKD as it declines much more quickly with declining glomerular filtration rate than mUosm. Conclusion: The eUosm is a valid marker of urine concentration in population-based and CKD cohorts. The UCI can provide an estimate of urine concentration when no other measurement is available, but should be used only in subjects with normal renal function.

scholarly journals Serum IGF1, metabolic syndrome, and incident cardiovascular disease in older people: a population-based study

2013 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa C van Bunderen ◽  
Mirjam M Oosterwerff ◽  
Natasja M van Schoor ◽  
Dorly J H Deeg ◽  
Paul Lips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Older People ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveHigh as well as low levels of IGF1 have been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The relationship of IGF1 with (components of) the metabolic syndrome could help to clarify this controversy. The aims of this study were: i) to investigate the association of IGF1 concentration with prevalent (components of) the metabolic syndrome; and ii) to examine the role of (components of) the metabolic syndrome in the relationship between IGF1 and incident CVD during 11 years of follow-up.MethodsData were used from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, a cohort study in a representative sample of the Dutch older population (≥65 years). Data were available in 1258 subjects. Metabolic syndrome was determined using the definition of the US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. CVD were ascertained by self-reports and mortality data.ResultsLevels of IGF1 in the fourth quintile were associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome compared with the lowest quintile (odds ratio: 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–2.33). The middle up to the highest quintile of IGF1 was positively associated with high triglycerides in women. Metabolic syndrome was not a mediator in the U-shaped relationship of IGF1 with CVD. Both subjects without the metabolic syndrome and low IGF1 levels (hazard ratio (HR) 1.75, 95% CI 1.12–2.71) and subjects with the metabolic syndrome and high IGF1 levels (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.21–4.28) demonstrated increased risks of CVD.ConclusionsIn older people, high-normal IGF1 levels are associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome and high triglycerides. Furthermore, this study suggests the presence of different pathomechanisms for both low and high IGF1 levels and incident CVD.

scholarly journals 2315. The Relationship of Pre-Hospital Functional Status and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Laboratory-Confirmed RSV Infection: Active Population-Based Surveillance, 2017–2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S794-S794
Author(s):  
Angela Branche ◽  
Lisa Saiman ◽  
Edward E Walsh ◽  
Ann R Falsey ◽  
William Sieling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a common cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in adults. Prospective surveillance enables collection of representative data on demographic and clinical characteristics. Few data of this kind are available for adults hospitalized with RSV infection. We used active population-based surveillance to identify patients with laboratory-confirmed RSV infection and evaluated demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes. Methods Hospitalized adults ≥ 18 years old residing in a predefined catchment area with ≥ 2 ARI symptoms or exacerbation of underlying cardiopulmonary disease were screened for eligibility during October 2017–April 2018 and October 2018–April 2019 in 3 hospitals in Rochester, NY and New York City. Respiratory specimens were tested for RSV using PCR assays. Clinical and demographic data were abstracted from the medical record. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of patient characteristics with clinical outcomes. Results 8,217 hospitalized adults were screened and 9.4% positive for RSV infection. Preliminary clinical and demographic data were available for 348 patients including 14% 18–49 years, 28% 50–64 years and 58% > 65 years. Mean age was 68 years and 60% were female (Figure 1). Patients had a mean of 3 co-morbidities, with diabetes (40%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (30%), chronic kidney disease (28%), congestive heart failure (28%), coronary artery disease (25%) and asthma (24%) the most common co-morbidities (Figure 2). Median hospital length of stay was 6 days (IQR 4–10), 13% of patients were admitted to the ICU, 5% were mechanically ventilated and 5% died during admission and 12% within 6 months. In multivariate analysis having > 3 comorbidities, cardiac disease or a lower baseline functional status measured by activities of daily living scores was significantly associated with 6-month mortality. Conclusion The majority of hospitalized patients with RSV infection were older adults with ≥ 3 chronic comorbid conditions. Baseline functional status may be predictive of worse clinical outcomes in patients with RSV infection. These insights into patient characteristics and clinical outcomes will provide information for prevention programs. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Intestinal microbiome composition and its relation to joint pain and inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy G. Boer ◽  
Djawad Radjabzadeh ◽  
Carolina Medina-Gomez ◽  
Sanzhima Garmaeva ◽  
Dieuwke Schiphof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Pain ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiome ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Macrophage-mediated inflammation is thought to have a causal role in osteoarthritis-related pain and severity, and has been suggested to be triggered by endotoxins produced by the gastrointestinal microbiome. Here we investigate the relationship between joint pain and the gastrointestinal microbiome composition, and osteoarthritis-related knee pain in the Rotterdam Study; a large population based cohort study. We show that abundance of Streptococcus species is associated with increased knee pain, which we validate by absolute quantification of Streptococcus species. In addition, we replicate these results in 867 Caucasian adults of the Lifelines-DEEP study. Finally we show evidence that this association is driven by local inflammation in the knee joint. Our results indicate the microbiome is a possible therapeutic target for osteoarthritis-related knee pain.

scholarly journals Plasma resistin levels correlate with determinants of the metabolic syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
G D Norata ◽  
M Ongari ◽  
K Garlaschelli ◽  
S Raselli ◽  
L Grigore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective: The role of resistin in insulin sensitivity and obesity is controversial. Some authors suggest that increased serum resistin levels are associated with obesity, visceral fat, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and inflammation, while others failed to observe such correlations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of plasma resistin levels with markers of the metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in a large population-based study. Design and patients: Plasma resistin levels were determined in 1090 subjects free of any medication selected from the PLIC study (designed to verify the presence of atherosclerotic lesions and progression intima-media thickness (IMT) in the common carotid artery in the general population) and related to the presence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, metabolic abnormalities, cardiovascular risk, and progression of IMT. Results: Plasma resistin levels were highly positively correlated with triglycerides, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and ApoAI/ApoB ratio, while they were inversely correlated with high density lipoprotein and ApoAI levels. This finding was gender specific (mainly in women). Plasma resistin levels were significantly higher in women with the metabolic syndrome compared with controls (4.90 (0.24) ng/ml vs 3.90 (0.11) ng/ml; P<0.01), while no difference was observed in obese subjects. Finally, plasma resistin levels were significantlycorrelated with cardiovascular risk calculated according to the Framingham algorithm (P<0.01). Conclusion: Plasma resistin levels are increased in presence of the metabolic syndrome and are associated with increased cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Race, sex, and the regulation of urine osmolality: observations made during water deprivation

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (3) ◽  
pp. R977-R980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Hancock ◽  
Daniel G. Bichet ◽  
George J. Eckert ◽  
Lise Bankir ◽  
Mary Anne Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Race Difference ◽  
Water Reabsorption ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A more concentrated urine is excreted by blacks than whites and by men than women. The purpose of this study was to explore the physiological bases for the race and sex effects during water deprivation when osmoregulation is challenged and differences are amplified. Drinking water was withheld from 17 blacks (10 men) and 19 whites (9 men) for 24 h. Vasopressin (VP) levels and osmolality in plasma (Posmol) and urine (Uosmol) were measured basally and then every 4 h. Uosmol was higher in blacks at baseline ( P = 0.01) and during water deprivation ( P = 0.046). Before and during water deprivation, no differences were seen in levels of VP, Posmol, or the VP-Uosmol relationship between blacks and whites. Although VP levels were initially higher in men ( P < 0.02 for samples collected over the first 12 h), over the last 12 h of water deprivation, Uosmol was higher ( P = 0.027) and more responsive to the level of VP (in terms of slopes, P = 0.0001) in women than men. Our results suggest that, after a period of water deprivation, there develops a sensitivity of the collecting duct to VP that is greater in women. Although Uosmol is higher in blacks, the race difference in water conservation did not appear to result from differences in the level of VP or the sensitivity of the collecting duct to VP. Upstream effects such as Na+ uptake in the thick ascending limb, with its ensuing effects on water reabsorption, need to be considered in future studies of the relationship of race to water conservation.

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