Salivary and Serum Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress Markers in Dental Caries

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽  
Ali Mahdavinezhad ◽  
Zohreh Jamshidi ◽  
Mohammad Darvishi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control

Dental caries is the most common, chronic, noncommunicable, preventable oral disease worldwide. Oxidation may play an important role in dental caries initiation and progression. Antioxidants in body fluids protect cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary and serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in dental caries. A total of 118 healthy caries-free and caries-active male and female students participated. Caries was detected clinically. Unstimulated whole-saliva samples and blood samples were obtained. Sialochemical analysis was carried out by spectrophotometric assay. Data were analyzed with the Student t test using STATA 11. Salivary and serum TAC levels in the case and control groups did not show any significant differences. Mean salivary MDA levels in the case and control groups were 0.71 ± 0.1 and 0.35 ± 0.06 nmol/mL, respectively. The results showed significantly higher levels of salivary and serum MDA in the case group compared to the healthy control group. The oxidative stress marker was significantly higher in the caries group compared to the healthy control group. Antioxidants were not significantly different between the two groups. MDA can be produced by dental caries, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant levels, causing disease progression. Further studies are necessary to determine whether MDA is the cause or effect of the disease.

scholarly journals Elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with euthyroid chronic autoimmune thyreotidis

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Havva Keskin ◽  
Y. Kaya ◽  
K. Cadirci ◽  
C. Kucur ◽  
E. Ziypak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Immune Antibody

Abstract Objective. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), determined from peripheral blood, is accepted as an available and practical indicator of the systemic inflammation. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the NLR was higher in euthyroid chronic autoimmune thyreotidis (CAT) patients compared to a healthy control group. Methods. A total of 112 patients were enrolled in this study, including 59 patients with euthyroid CAT on any form of therapy and 53 healthy controls. Th e CAT patients were similar in age to the healthy control group (mean 33.9±12.8 years versus 30.2±12.4 years, p=0.10). Measurements were available for the white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), thyroid peroxidase immune antibody (anti-TPO), and anti-thyroglobulin immune antibody (anti-TG). The NLR and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated. Differences between the CAT and control groups were tested using the student’s t-test and the correlations were determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Results. There were no differences between the CAT and control groups for WBCs (7.9±0.3 and 7.4±0.2, respectively; p=0.1) or neutrophils (5.5±0.3 and 5.4±1.1; p=0.9), but lymphocytes were higher in the CAT group (3.1±0.5 vs. 2.04±0.1; p=0.05) as was the NLR (4.0±0.7 vs. 2.0±0.1; p=0.01). Th e NLR was positively correlated with CRP (r=0.6, p<0.001), anti-TPO (r=0.3, p<0.001), anti-TG (r=0.3, p=0.006), WBCs (r=0.4, p<0.001), and the PLR (r=0.73, p<0.001). The PLR was also higher in the CAT than the control group (p=0.02). Conclusions. In this study, we found that NLR values were higher in euthyroid CAT patients than in a healthy control group and that NLR correlated with autoantibodies used to diagnose the disease.

Peripheral levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in youths in ultra-high risk for psychosis: a pilot study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Zeni-Graiff ◽  
Adiel C. Rios ◽  
Pawan K. Maurya ◽  
Lucas B. Rizzo ◽  
Sumit Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Healthy Control

IntroductionOxidative stress has been documented in chronic schizophrenia and in the first episode of psychosis, but there are very little data on oxidative stress prior to the disease onset.ObjectiveThis work aimed to compare serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in young individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis with a comparison healthy control group (HC).MethodsThirteen UHR subjects and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Clinical assessment included the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), the Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I (SCID-I) or the Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Activities of SOD and GPx were measured in serum by the spectrophotometric method using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and years of education, there was a significant lower activity of SOD and lower GPX activity in the UHR group compared to the healthy control group (rate ratio [RR]=0.330, 95% CI 0.187; 0.584, p&lt;0.001 and RR=0.509, 95% CI 0.323; 0.803, p=0.004, respectively). There were also positive correlations between GAF functioning scores and GPx and SOD activities.ConclusionOur results suggest that oxidative imbalances could be present prior to the onset of full-blown psychosis, including in at-risk stages. Future studies should replicate and expand these results.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and outcome of antioxidant supplementation in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar A. Panti ◽  
Constance E. Shehu ◽  
Yusuf Saidu ◽  
Karima A. Tunau ◽  
Emmanuel I. Nwobodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Stress Marker ◽  
And Control

Background: PCOS is a condition with significant decrease in antioxidant with an increased risk of oxidative stress. Antioxidant supplementation has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in PCOS and may improve outcome of management of PCOS. Objectives of this study were to determine the oxidative stress level of PCOS patients, to assess the effect of antioxidant supplementation on the outcome of management of PCOS and to compare with a control group.Methods: The study was a single blind randomised control trial involving 200 patients with PCOS. The study was conducted at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto. They were randomly divided into intervention and control groups and base line serum levels of oxidative stress marker, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and minerals were determined. Antioxidant supplementation and placebo were given to the intervention and control groups respectively. All the patients had ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate and were followed up for 6 months. Outcome measures were clinical pregnancy or menstrual regularisation. Level of significance was <0.05.Results: There was statistical significance in the serum levels of oxidative stress marker, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and minerals between the two groups (post intervention). Glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.001), superoxide dismutase (p = 0.0001), catalase (p= 0.0369), melondialdehyde (p= 0.007), Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E (p = 0.0001), zinc and copper (p = 0.0001). The clinical pregnancy outcomes were 22 (22%) versus 2 (2%); live births 18 (18%) versus 2 (2%) and menstrual regularisation 48 (48%) versus 46 (46%) in the intervention and control groups respectively.Conclusions: Antioxidant supplementation in this study significantly affected pregnancy rate in patients with PCOS. Larger studies are suggested to revisit the conclusion of the Cochrane review that antioxidants supplementation had no significant role in female infertility.

CAT-21 A/T Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Breast Cancer Susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Kevin Owen ◽  
Siti Syarifah ◽  
Mutiara Indah Sari
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Breast Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Healthy Control

Background: Oxidative stress induced cancer cell formation. Gene polymorphism plays roles in carcinogen metabolism, antioxidant and DNA repairing pathway was susceptibility to oxidative stress. This study aim to determine the association between CAT-21 A/T polymorphism with breast cancer susceptibility. Methods: Case control study was conducted on 65 breast cancer patient and 65 healthy control group. The whole blood samples were isolated from 65 breast cancer patients in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan and 65 healthy control group. The CAT-21A/T polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP procedure. PCR-RFLP product was electrophoresed and visualized in agarose 4%. Results:The AA CAT-21 genotype were lower in breast cancer (BC) than healthy control (HC) group (31/47.7% vs 40/61.5%), in the contrary AT+TT genotype was greater in BC than HC group (34/52.3% vs 25/38.5%) with (p=0.159, OR=1.755, CI=0.874–3.525). A allele CAT-21 were found lower in BC than HC group (89/68.5% vs 105/80.8%) then T allele were greater in BC than HC group (41/31.5% vs 25/19.2%) with (p=0.033, OR=1.935;CI=1.022-3.428). Conclusions: There was significant difference in allele distribution of CAT-21 A/T between case and control group but no in genotype distribution. In this population study showed that allele of CAT -21 A/T polymorphism could represent as a risk factor to breast cancer. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2021; 32(2) : 79-84

Rhythm of 24-h Intraocular and Perfusion Pressure in Patients With Ocular Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Xia ◽  
Na Shu ◽  
Huixian Cui ◽  
JORGE AGUSTÍN TRUJILLO PERDOMO ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Maximum Minimum

Abstract AIMThe aim of the present study was to characterize the rhythm of 24-h intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in patients with ocular hypertension (OHTN), in order to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of OHTN. METHODSAccording to the diagnostic criteria, 107 patients with OHTN were included, and an age- and sex-matched healthy control group (71 patients) was selected. The IOP and blood pressure (BP) of the OHTN and the healthy control groups were recorded every 2 h over a 24-h period. BP was measured using a digital automatic BP monitor, and IOP was measured using a non-contact tonometer. RESULTSThe maximum, minimum and mean IOP were significantly higher in subjects with OHTN than in the healthy control group (P<0.05), and the maximum, minimum and mean MOPP were significantly lower in the OHTN group than in the healthy control group (P<0.05). The minimum and mean SOPP and DOPP values of the OHTN group were lower than those of the healthy control group (P<0.05), and the IOP, MOPP, SOPP and DOPP diurnal and nocturnal fluctuation values were significantly greater in the OHTN group than in the healthy control group (P<0.05). The peak and trough IOP times of the two groups coincided, which tended to be low during the day and higher at night. The peak and trough MOPP and SOPP times of the two groups also coincided, and were primarily higher during the day and lower at night. The 24-h DOPP in the healthy control group was generally higher during the daytime and lower at night, with peak values between 19:00-23:00 h, and trough values between 3:00-7:00 h. No obvious day-to-night fluctuations were observed in the OHTN group. CONCLUSIONThe OPP of patients with OHTN is lower, and the 24-h OPP fluctuates more than that of healthy control subjects. This may be an important blood flow factor for the progression to primary open angle glaucoma in patients with OHTN.

Evaluation of the quality-of-life (QOL) and socio-demographic characteristics of patients with leukemia and lymphoma: Comparison with sibling and control group.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22524-e22524
Author(s):  
Nurdan Tacyildiz ◽  
Tugba Karakose ◽  
Emel Cabi Unal ◽  
Handan Dincaslan ◽  
Gulsah Tanyildiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sibling Group

e22524 Background: Pediatric cancer patients have increased survival rates with intensive and effective treatment methods which causing some chronic health problems and lower quality of life in long term follow up. In our study, patients in their active treatment period compared to patients who have completed their treatment in recent 5 years and more than 5 years groups, besides compared with their own siblings and healthy control group,evaluated in terms of quality of life ( QOL). Methods: This study has been daone in the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine. A total of 191 children were included in the study, including 36 sibling, 76 children with leukemia (n:31) and lymphoma (n:45) besides 79 healthy children. The Turkish translation of the PedsQL questionnaire was used to evaluate the patients' quality of life. IBM SPSS-25 package program was used for statistical analysis. Results: When the sociodemographic characteristics of the patient, sibling and control group were examined; we determined that the patients, siblings and control groups were similar in age, age and gender. However, we found that the education level for the patient group was statisticaly signicantly lower then the siblings and the control group. In addition, physical and mental functionning and friendship capasity scores were lower in patient group than the other two groups. According to timing of the treatment; patients and parents quality of life scores were significantly lower than the patients that finished their treatment in recent 5 years or more than 5 years. QOL scores were higest in survivors and parents group that were in more than 5 years after completed the treatment. The risk of lower QOL in patients under treatment was 7.48 times higher than the children who had ≥5 years of treatment (OR = 7,48; p < 0,05), and 2.64 times higher than those who were treated < 5 years (OR = 2,64; p > 0,05). In this study, there were no independent variables that had an impact on QOL of the sibling group. Conclusions: The QOLof patients diagnosed with leukemia and lymphoma is significantly lower than siblings and healthy group. No statistically significant difference was found between the sibling group and the healthy control group. After the end of active treatment, the QOL of the patients was reflecting important increase by the time .

scholarly journals DETERMINASI PEMBERIAN MINYAK TRANS TERHADAP STRES OKSIDATIF PADA TIKUS GALUR WISTAR DENGAN MALONDIALDEHIDA PANKREAS SEBAGAI INDIKATOR

Jurnal BIOMA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Maharja Mawali ◽  
Koekoeh Santoso ◽  
Nastiti Kusumorini ◽  
Aryani Sismin Satyaningtijas ◽  
Atin Supiyani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Tbars Assay ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are the entire unsaturated fatty acids containing one or more double bonds isolated in trans configuration believed as predisposing factor of oxidative stress, excluding conjugated double bond fatty acids. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a product of lipid peroxidation used as oxidative stress marker. The objective of this study was to see the correlation between TFAs containing-oil (consists of 3-6% TFAs) intake at various administration doses and pancreatic MDA levels in Wistar rats. Twelve rats were grouped according to administration doses (20%, 40%, 60% of given feed total energy and control group). TFAs containing-oil was administered orally once a day for 70 days at given doses by force feeding. Pancreatic MDA were measured using TBARS assay adapted from Singh et al. (2006). Increase of TFAs  containing-oil  administration  dose  caused  insignificant  increase  of  pancreatic MDA level.   Keywords: trans fatty acids, oxidative stress, malondialdehyde, Wistar rats, palm oil

Sydenham's Chorea; Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings, a Retrospective Observational Study in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Fatma Hanci ◽  
Mustafa Hizal ◽  
Sevim Türay ◽  
Oya Kalaycioğlu ◽  
Nimet Kabakuş
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and demographic and clinical characteristics, response to treatment times, and recurrence rates of Sydenham's chorea (SC), the most common of the acquired pediatric choreas. The clinical and radiological findings of 12 patients presenting to the pediatric neurology clinic in the previous 4 years and diagnosed with SC on the basis of the modified Jones criteria were investigated retrospectively from the hospital files. In addition, we measured the maximum prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia (globus pallidus, putamen, and caudate nucleus) thicknesses in the axial plane from patients' cerebral MRIs and compared these values with prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia thicknesses of a healthy control group measured using the same technique. Patient and control groups' cranial and basal ganglia MRIs were found to be normal. However, patients' globus pallidus thicknesses were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group. Additionally, the globus pallidus values of patients with recurrent SC and a prolonged healing time were lower than average. However, we determined no significant difference in terms of prefrontal motor cortex, caudate nucleus, or putamen thicknesses between the patient and control groups. Low globus pallidus thicknesses in patients with SC may indicate atrophy associated with globus pallidus involvement. Further experimental and prospective and long-term studies are needed for a better understanding of the factors affecting the pathophysiology, recurrence, and healing time of SC.

scholarly journals Assessment of Carotid Artery Distensibility and Elasticity in Patients with Asthma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Eylül Bozkurt Yılmaz ◽  
Mustafa Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Carotid Distensibility ◽  
And Control

As asthma and atherosclerosis have similar pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors, asthmatic patients may have an increased risk of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the possibility of a higher risk of atherosclerosis in asthma patients compared with healthy controls by measuring carotid elasticity and distensibility. This was a cross-sectional study on 326 participants including 221 patients (129 [58.37%] females) with persistent asthma, aged 46.47±11.58 years, body mass index (BMI) of 29.74±3.99, and 105 healthy control subjects (60 [57.14%] females) aged 46.08±11.35 years, and BMI of 29.42±3.76. Of the 221 patients with asthma, 75 (33.93%) had mild, 74 (33.48%) had moderate and 72 (32.57%) had severe asthma. The carotid distensibility and elasticity were recorded and compared in both patients and control groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the patients and healthy control groups in terms of age, BMI and gender (p=0.775, p=0.482, and p=0.834, respectively). A statistically significant difference was determined between the patient and control groups in respect of both distensibility and elasticity (10.93±1.64 vs. 11.5±1.31, p=0.002 and 0.21±0.03 vs. 0.22±0.04, p=0.001, respectively). Statistically significant differences were determined between the control group and the asthma subgroups in respect of distensibility and elasticity (p<0.001, for both comparisons). The results showed that the difference was mainly due to the patients with severe asthma. Carotid distensibility and elasticity were decreased in asthmatic patients, and the main reason for this decrease was the patients in the severe asthma group. These results may suggest that the risk of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis is increased in patients with asthma, especially those with severe asthma.

scholarly journals The Effects of Melatonin Treatment on Oxidative Stress Induced by Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Salavati ◽  
Asghar Mogheiseh ◽  
Saeed Nazifi ◽  
Atefeh Amiri ◽  
Behrooz Nikahval
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: As one of the most common surgeries performed in veterinary medicine, ovariohysterectomy (OHE) can induce stress in dogs. The antioxidant properties of melatonin have been confirmed in various studies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin administration on oxidative stress in dogs before and after OHE. In this study, 25 mature female intact dogs were selected and randomly divided into five equal groups: Melatonin, OHE, melatonin+OHE+melatonin, melatonin+anesthesia+melatonin, and control groups. Melatonin (0.3 mg/Kg/day, p.o.) was administrated to the dogs in the melatonin, melatonin+OHE+melatonin, and melatonin+anesthesia+melatonin groups on days -1, 1, 2, and 3 (day 0=OHE). Blood sampling was performed on days -1, 1, 3, and 5 of the study. Blood samples were immediately transferred to the laboratory and sera were separated and stored at -20 °C. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) concentrations were significantly higher in the melatonin and melatonin+anesthesia+melatonin groups compared to those of the control group. Results: The level of antioxidant enzymes significantly decreased in the OHE group compared to that of other groups. The administration of melatonin increased the level of antioxidant enzymes in ovariohysterectomized dogs. OHE significantly increased the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in comparison to that of other groups. Melatonin administration significantly decreased the level of MDA in intact, anesthetized, and ovariohysterectomized dogs. Conclusions: It can be stated that the administration of melatonin one day before and during one week after OHE could control oxidative stress in dogs with increased antioxidant enzymes and decreased MDA levels.

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