scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Self-Monitoring, Physical Activity, Liraglutide 3.0 mg, and Placebo on Weight Loss in the SCALE IBT Trial

Obesity Facts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 572-583
Author(s):  
Jena S. Tronieri ◽  
Anthony N. Fabricatore ◽  
Thomas A. Wadden ◽  
Pernille Auerbach ◽  
Lars Endahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Medication Regimen ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Recommendations

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Individuals who enroll in intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) programs are asked to make several lifestyle changes simultaneously. However, few studies have examined the relative effects of adherence to different treatment components on weight loss. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This secondary analysis of the SCALE IBT trial assessed adherence to the medication regimen, dietary self-monitoring, and physical activity recommendations and their relative contributions to weight change in individuals with obesity who were provided with IBT combined with either liraglutide 3.0 mg or placebo. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> SCALE IBT was a double-blinded, multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing 56-week weight losses in individuals with obesity who received liraglutide 3.0 mg (<i>n</i> = 142) or placebo (<i>n</i> = 140), as an adjunct to IBT. Adherence to dietary self-monitoring, physical activity, and medication usage (liraglutide or placebo) were measured during the 56-week treatment period. A regression model was used to estimate the relative contribution of adherence to each treatment component to weight loss at week 56. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The proportion of individuals who adhered to each intervention component decreased over time. Compared with non-adherence, complete adherence to dietary self-monitoring and physical activity recommendations were associated with estimated weight changes of −7.2% (95% CI –10.4 to –4.0; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001) and –2.0% (95% CI –3.2 to –0.8; <i>p</i> = 0.0009), respectively. Complete adherence to liraglutide predicted an additional weight loss of –6.5% (95% CI –10.2 to –2.9; <i>p</i> = 0.0005) relative to individuals who did not adhere to the medication regimen, while adherence to placebo did not have a statistically significant effect on weight loss (<i>p</i> = 0.33). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> High adherence to dietary self-monitoring and use of liraglutide 3.0 mg was associated with clinically relevant weight loss with IBT and adjunctive pharmacotherapy. The effect of adherence to physical activity was significant but smaller.

scholarly journals Identifying and measuring the behavioural, dietary, and physical activity components of weight management consultations delivered by general practice nurses in routine care

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Tong ◽  
Elizabeth Morris ◽  
Susan A. Jebb ◽  
Dimitrios A. Koutoukidis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Practice Nurses ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Baseline Weight ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Recommendations

Abstract Background Many people with obesity receive weight loss consultations by general practice nurses (GPNs) in routine primary care. This exploratory study aimed to characterise the components of these consultations, including behaviour change techniques (BCTs), and dietary and physical activity recommendations. Methods We analysed audio recordings of weight management consultations conducted by 8 GPNs as part of the ‘usual care’ group in a randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN75092026). Consultations were coded against three taxonomies to classify BCTs, dietary recommendations, and physical activity recommendations. Associations between coded content and weight loss were assessed. Differences in the content of consultations where weight loss was < 5% or ≥ 5% from baseline weight at 6 months were explored. Results One hundred and fifty audio recordings were available from 53 out of 140 (38%) participants in the usual care group. Participants had on average 3 (SD = 1) recorded consultations over 3 months, lasting 14 (SD = 7) minutes each. Weight change at 3, 6, and 12 months was -3.6% (SD = 4.3), -5.5% (SD = 6.0) and -4.2% (SD = 6.5) for participants with audio recordings. GPNs used 3.9 (SD = 1.6) of 93 BCTs, 3.3 (SD = 2.7) of 30 dietary recommendations and 1.4 (SD = 1.2) of 10 physical activity recommendations per consultation. The most commonly employed BCTs were feedback on outcome of behaviour (80.0%), problem solving (38.0%), and social reward (34.3%). The most common dietary recommendations were about portion size (31.3%), nutrients (28.0%), and balanced diet (19.7%). The main physical activity recommendation was about walking (30.3%). There was no association between weight loss and the number of dietary recommendations, physical activity recommendations, or BCTs used per consultation, or per participant. Social reward was the only technique used significantly more in consultations of participants that lost ≥ 5% of their baseline weight at 6 months. Conclusions The study provides a new method that could be used to describe the content of weight management consultations. Specific dietary or physical activity recommendations and BCTs were used infrequently and inconsistently in this group of GPNs. Although replication is required in larger samples, this may point to a weakness in current practice.

scholarly journals Mobile technology intervention for weight loss in rural men: protocol for a pilot pragmatic randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e035089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M Eisenhauer ◽  
Fabiana Almeida Brito ◽  
Aaron M Yoder ◽  
Kevin A Kupzyk ◽  
Carol H Pullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Monitoring Application

IntroductionMen who are overweight or obese in the rural Midwestern USA are an unrepresented, at-risk group exhibiting rising rates of cardiovascular disease, poor access to preventive care and poor lifestyle behaviours that contribute to sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet. Self-monitoring of eating and activity has demonstrated efficacy for weight loss. Use of mobile technologies for self-monitoring eating and activity may address rural men’s access disparities to preventive health resources and support weight loss. Our pilot trial will assess the feasibility and acceptability of two mobile applications for weight loss in rural men to inform a future, full-scale trial.Methods and analysisA 6-month randomised controlled trial with contextual evaluation will randomise 80 men using a 1:1 ratio to either a Mobile Technology Plus (MT+) intervention or a basic Mobile Technology (MT) intervention in rural, midlife men (aged 40–69 years). The MT+ intervention consists of a smartphone self-monitoring application enhanced with discussion group (Lose-It premium), short message service text-based support and Wi-Fi scale. The MT group will receive only a self-monitoring application (Lose-It basic). Feasibility and acceptability will be evaluated using number of men recruited and retained, and evaluative focus group feedback. We seek to determine point estimates and variability of outcome measures of weight loss (kg and % body weight) and improved dietary and physical activity behaviours (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption surveys, data from Lose-It! application (kcal/day, steps/day)). Community capacity will be assessed using standard best practice methods. Descriptive content analysis will evaluate intervention acceptability and contextual sensitivity.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the University of Nebraska Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB# 594–17-EP). Dissemination of findings will occur through ClinicalTrials.gov and publish pilot data to inform the design of a larger clinical trial.Trial registration numberNCT03329079; preresults. Protocol V.10, study completion date 31 August 2020. Roles and responsibilities funder: NIH/NINR Health Disparities Section 1R15NR017522-01.

Barriers and Facilitators to meeting recommended physical activity levels among new immigrant and refugee children in Saskatchewan, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginny Lane ◽  
Christine Nisbet ◽  
Shanthi Johnson ◽  
Philip D Chilibeck ◽  
Hassan Vatanparast
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Recreational Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Recommendations ◽  
Parents Education

Newcomers are often healthy when they arrive in Canada, yet experience health declines shortly thereafter, possibly due to lifestyle changes. As part of the Healthy Immigrant Children study, this mixed-methods study aims to analyze possible predictors of physical activity among 300 newcomer children, and explore their lived experiences using a sub-sample of 19 parents and 24 service providers. Data collection involved questionnaires concerning socio-economic status and physical activity, anthropometric measurements, and in-depth interviews. Participants aged 5 years and older largely met physical activity recommendations (82.9%), while none of the 3-4 year olds did. Males were more active than females, especially among older ages. Many participants engaged in too much screen time (53.4-90.0%). Age and income predicted physical activity among males, while parents’ education level was the only significant predictor among females. Barriers to physical activity included: recreational physical activity being an unfamiliar concept, gender limitations, financial resources, safety concerns, and children’s preference for screen time. Schools played a central role in newcomer children’s health by providing accessible opportunities for physical activity. Newcomer families preferred to have their children involved in culturally relevant physical activities. Given the growing newcomer population, it is important to support active lifestyle practices among them. Novelty bullets: • About 83% of newcomer children aged 5 years and older met physical activity recommendations, while none of the 3-4 years old did. • Age and income predicted males’ physical activity, while parents’ education level predicted females’. • Schools provide accessible opportunities for newcomer children to engage in physical activity.

Abstract P118: Changes in Physical Activity by Self-Weighing Trajectory Groups

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaguang Zheng ◽  
Susan M Sereika ◽  
Linda J Ewing ◽  
Cynthia A Danford ◽  
Bonny Rockette-Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Consistent Group ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Average Activity

Introduction: Numerous studies have established a significant association between regular self-weighing and weight loss; however, few studies have examined how self-weighing patterns are associated with lifestyle changes, e.g. physical activity (PA). The aim was to examine the association between frequency of self-weighing and changes in PA levels. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that higher frequencies of self-weighing are associated with greater increases in PA levels. Methods: This was an analysis of data from a 12-mo behavioral weight loss intervention study. Each subject was given a Wi-Fi scale and instructed to weigh daily. The scale transmitted weight values to a central server. PA was objectively assessed by an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3x) at 0 and 6 mos. Participants were instructed to wear the accelerometer for ≥ 3 weekdays, one weekend day, ≥10 hours/day. General linear model was used for data analysis. Results: The sample (N=89) was largely female (89.9%), White (82%), with a mean age (±SD) of 51.9±9.3 years, and a mean BMI of 33.6±4.5 kg/m2. Our previous analysis using group-based trajectory modeling identified 3 self-weighing patterns: high/consistent (self-weighed 5-6 days/week regularly); moderate/declined (declined from 4-5 to 2 days/week); minimal/declined (declined from 5-6 to 0 days/week). As shown in the table, compared with minimal/declined self-weighing group, the high/consistent group had a significant increase in energy expenditure, steps, light and moderate PA levels as well as average activity/day, while the moderate/declined group had a significant increase in steps and average activity/day. Conclusions: The differences in PA level changes across the trajectory groups suggest that improved adherence to self-weighing carried over to improved PA behavior changes. It is unclear if self-monitoring weight and observing the results led participants to regulate their PA behavior accordingly. Future research needs to examine the mechanisms of how daily weighing impacts the level of daily PA.

Fad Diets: Dietary Dilemmas, Predicaments, and Recommendations for its Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362-1380
Author(s):  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Prasad Rasane ◽  
Vidisha Tomer ◽  
Sawinder Kaur ◽  
Yogesh Gat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Extra Weight

The health issues, mainly overweight and obesity are the growing concerns nowadays due to the associated factors and lifestyle changes which significantly have increased the individual’s health care expenditures. Fad diets are promoted as the easiest and simplest way of shedding the extra weight despite the availability of several treatments available. The prevention and treatment measures, including modification in lifestyle, dietary pattern, and physical activity, are the foundation of weight loss. However, the standard treatment measures are not effective for certain populations as they require long time adherence, which leads to the search for other approaches like fad diet. We steered a comprehensive literature review to present the facts related to fad diets to their efficacy and sustainability. Although fad diets have yielded tremendous positive results in weight loss and cardiovascular risk prevention, the studies reported death in long-term interventions and the results and some of them show side effects too. Randomized controlled trials have significantly reported weight loss in comparison with the popular fad diets; however, persisting on the same diet has also reported kidney problems, ketosis, and other metabolic related problems. The conclusion of this critical review reported that gradual weight loss could be attained by the combination of lifestyle modifications, physical activity, and recommended dietary approaches.

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