Personalized Exercise Programs Based upon Remote Assessment of Motor Fitness: A Pilot Study among Healthy People Aged 65 Years and Older

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yael Netz ◽  
Ziv Yekutieli ◽  
Michal Arnon ◽  
Esther Argov ◽  
Keren Tchelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Motor Fitness ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Health Organization

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The World Health Organization has recently updated exercise guidelines for people aged &#x3e;65 years, emphasizing the inclusion of multiple fitness components. However, without adequate recognition of individual differences, these guidelines may be applied using an approach that “one-size-fits-all.” Within the shifting paradigm toward an increasingly personalized approach to medicine and health, it is apparent that fitness components display a significant age-related increase in variability. Therefore, it is both logical and necessary to perform an accurate individualized assessment of multiple fitness components prior to optimal prescription for a personalized exercise program. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the study was to test the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel tool able to remotely assess balance, flexibility, and strength using smartphone sensors (accelerometer/gyroscope), and subsequently deliver personalized exercise programs via the smartphone. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We enrolled 52 healthy volunteers (34 females) aged 65+ years, with normal cognition and low fall risk. Baseline data from remote smartphone fitness assessment were analyzed to generate 42 fitness digital markers (DMs), used to guide personalized exercise programs (×5/week for 6 weeks) delivered via smartphone. Programs included graded exercises for upper/lower body, flexibility, strength, and balance (dynamic, static, and vestibular). Participants were retested after 6 weeks. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Average age was 74.7 ± 6.4 years; adherence was 3.6 ± 1.7 exercise sessions/week. Significant improvement for pre-/posttesting was observed for 10/12 DMs of strength/flexibility for upper/lower body (sit-to-stand repetitions/duration; arm-lift duration; torso rotation; and arm extension/flexion). Balance improved significantly for 6/10 measures of tandem stance, with consistent (nonsignificant) trends observed across 20 balance DMs of tandem walk and 1 leg stance. Balance tended to improve among the 37 participants exercising ≥3/week. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> These preliminary results provide a proof of concept, with high adherence and improved fitness confirming the benefits of remote fitness assessment for guiding home personalized exercise programs among healthy adults aged &#x3e;65 years. Further examination of the application within a randomized control study is necessary, comparing the personalized exercise program to general guidelines among healthy older adults, as well as specific populations, such as those with frailty, deconditioning, cognitive, or functional impairment. The study tool offers the opportunity to collect big data, including additional variables, with subsequent utilization of artificial intelligence to optimize the personalized exercise program.

scholarly journals Prescribing Personalized Exercise Programs Using Smartphone Sensors For Remote Fitness Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 903-903
Author(s):  
Jeremy Jacobs ◽  
Ziv Yekutiel ◽  
Mical Arnon ◽  
Esther Argov ◽  
Keren Tchelet Karlinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Smartphone Sensors ◽  
Potential Benefits

Abstract Guidelines for physical activity emphasize multiple fitness components among people aged &gt;65. The age-related increase in variability of fitness components necessitates accurate individualized assessment prior to optimal prescription for personalized exercise program. Accordingly, we tested feasibility and effectiveness of a novel tool designed to remotely assess balance, flexibility, and strength using smartphone sensors (accelerometer/gyroscope), and subsequently remotely deliver personalized exercise programs via smartphone. This pilot study enrolled 52 healthy volunteers (34 females) aged 65+, with normal cognition and low fall-risk. Baseline preliminary data from smartphone fitness assessment were analyzed to generate 42 fitness digital-markers, used to generate personalized exercise programs (5 times/week for 6 weeks). Programs included graded exercises for upper/lower body, flexibility, strength, and balance (dynamic, static, vestibular). Fitness was remotely assessed at baseline and after six weeks. Average age was 74.7±6.4 years; adherence was 3.6±1.7 exercise sessions/week. Significant improvement for pre/post testing was observed for 10/12 digital-markers of strength/flexibility for upper/lower body (sit-to-stand repetitions/duration; arm-lift duration; torso-rotation; arm-extension/flexion). Balance improved significantly for 6/10 measures of tandem-stance, with consistent (non-significant) trends observed across 20 balance digital-markers of tandem-walk and one leg-stance. Balance showed greatest improvement among the 37 participants exercising ≥3/week. These preliminary results serve as proof of concept among people aged &gt;65: high adherence and improved fitness confirm the potential benefits and niche for remote fitness assessment used to generate personalized exercise programs. Future research is required to confirm the benefits among specific patient groups, such as those with frailty, deconditioning, cognitive and functional impairment.

scholarly journals Personalized multicomponent exercise programs using smartphone technology among older people: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Netz ◽  
Esther Argov ◽  
Ziv Yekutieli ◽  
Moshe Ayalon ◽  
Keren Tchelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Motor Fitness ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Background Optimal application of the recently updated World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for exercise in advanced age necessitates an accurate adjustment for the age-related increasing variability in biological age and fitness levels, alongside detailed recommendations across a range of motor fitness components, including balance, strength, and flexibility. We previously developed and validated a novel tool, designed to both remotely assess these fitness components, and subsequently deliver a personalized exercise program via smartphone. We describe the design of a prospective randomized control trial, comparing the effectiveness of the remotely delivered personalized multicomponent exercise program to either WHO exercise guidelines or no intervention. Methods Participants (n = 300) are community dwelling, healthy, functionally independent, cognitively intact volunteers aged ≥65 at low risk for serious fall injuries, assigned using permuted block randomization (age/gender) to intervention, active-control, or control group. The intervention is an 8-week program including individually tailored exercises for upper/lower body, flexibility, strength, and balance (dynamic, static, vestibular); active-controls receive exercising counselling according to WHO guidelines; controls receive no guidance. Primary outcome is participant fitness level, operationalized as 42 digital markers generated from 10 motor fitness measures (balance, strength, flexibility); measured at baseline, mid-trial (4-weeks), trial-end (8-weeks), and follow-up (12-weeks). Target sample size is 300 participants to provide 99% power for moderate and high effect sizes (Cohen’s f = 0.25, 0.40 respectively). Discussion The study will help understand the value of individualized motor fitness assessment used to generate personalized multicomponent exercise programs, delivered remotely among older adults. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04181983

Impact of Tuberculosis in Elderly Population

2018 ◽  
pp. 326-338
Author(s):  
Gagan Chooramani ◽  
Pooja Singh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Memory

The World Health Organization has declared that the spread of tuberculosis is a global emergency. Despite the implementation of strong tuberculosis-control initiatives by WHO, this highly infectious disease continues to affect all vulnerable populations, including the elderly population. Adverse social factors and poor living conditions also affect the elderly much more than the young. The clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in older adults can be unusual and may be confused with age-related illnesses. Various factors related to old age can also cause complications in the diagnosis, treatment, and disease outcomes for tuberculosis patients. The contributory factors may be poor memory, deafness, mental confusion, or impairment of speech. In addition, therapy for tuberculosis in elderly individuals is challenging because of the increased incidence of adverse drug reactions. Hence, understanding the impact of these substantial aspects will help to overcome the problem of tuberculosis in the elderly population.

The Influence of Social Support and Coping on Quality of Life Among Elderly With Age-Related Hearing Loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Moser ◽  
Wolfgang Luxenberger ◽  
Wolfgang Freidl
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

Purpose The consequences of hearing loss hinder the everyday life of older adults and are associated with reduced well-being. The research aim was to explore the influence of hearing problems, various coping strategies, and perceived social support on quality of life. Method Sixty-five older adults with age-related hearing loss (≥55 years) in Austria participated and completed a paper–pencil survey with standardized questionnaires: Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (Ventry and Weinstein, 1982), Assessment for Coping and Stress (Laireiter, 1997), short form of the Social Support Questionnaire (Fydrich, Sommer, Tydecks, & Brähler, 2009), and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale–Brief Version (World Health Organization, 1996). Results Quality of life was predicted by perceived social support and the number of comorbid diseases (i.e., the physical, psychological, environmental, and social quality of life was better the greater the extent of perceived social support and poorer the more diseases from which the participants suffered). Conclusions Perceived social support may be a relevant factor to focus on in auditory rehabilitation programs, in particular, for participants who communicate little support in hearing-related situations and are, hence, at a relative disadvantage. The involvement of significant others in counseling could facilitate the everyday life for older adults with age-related hearing loss and their significant others.

scholarly journals Physical Exercise as a Multimodal Tool for COVID-19: Could It Be Used as a Preventive Strategy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8496
Author(s):  
Diego Fernández-Lázaro ◽  
Jerónimo J. González-Bernal ◽  
Nerea Sánchez-Serrano ◽  
Lourdes Jiménez Navascués ◽  
Ana Ascaso-del-Río ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
World Health ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel coronavirus not previously recognized in humans until late 2019. On 31 December 2019, a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unspecified etiology was reported to the World Health Organization in China. The availability of adequate SARS-CoV-2 drugs is also limited, and the efficacy and safety of these drugs for COVID-2019 pneumonia patients need to be assessed by further clinical trials. For these reasons, there is a need for other strategies against COVID-19 that are capable of prevention and treatment. Physical exercise has proven to be an effective therapy for most chronic diseases and microbial infections with preventive/therapeutic benefits, considering that exercise involves primary immunological mediators and/or anti-inflammatory properties. This review aimed to provide an insight into how the implementation of a physical exercise program against COVID-19 may be a useful complementary tool for prevention, which can also enhance recovery, improve quality of life, and provide immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in the long term. In summary, physical exercise training exerts immunomodulatory effects, controls the viral gateway, modulates inflammation, stimulates nitric oxide synthesis pathways, and establishes control over oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Assessment of World Health Organization definition of dengue hemorrhagic fever in North India

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Gupta ◽  
Vineeta Khare ◽  
Sanjeev Tripathi ◽  
Vijaya Lakshmi Nag ◽  
Rashmi Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
World Health ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Classification of symptomatic dengue according to current World Health Organization (WHO) criteria is not straightforward. In this prospective study of dengue infection during an epidemic in India in 2004, we applied the WHO classification of dengue to assess its usefulness for our patients. Methodology: The study included 145 clinically suspected cases of dengue infection of all ages. Dengue was confirmed by serological methods (IgM ELISA and HI test). WHO criteria were applied to classify dengue positive patients into Dengue Fever (DF), Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS). Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between dengue patients with bleeding and those without bleeding. Results: Out of the 50 serologically positive cases of dengue enrolled in the study, only 3 met the WHO criteria for DHF and 1 met the criteria for DSS; however, 21 (42%) cases had one or more bleeding manifestations. Conclusion: By using WHO criteria of DHF on Indian patients, all severe cases of dengue cannot be correctly classified. A new definition of DHF that considers geographic and age-related variations in laboratory and clinical parameters is urgently required.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Allergy Diagnosis in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Namazova-Baranova ◽  
M. A. Snovskaya ◽  
I. L. Mitushin ◽  
O. V. Kozhevnikova ◽  
A. S. Batyrova
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Allergy Diagnosis ◽  
Allergy Diagnostics ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Health Organization

Allergic disease is a serious problem in practical healthcare. Over the last 40 years there has been exponential growth in the prevalence. According to the world health organization information, allergic diseases are at the 2nd place in prevalence the children, behind the viral infections. Their frequency and severity are increasing. In this regard, the relevance of timely and skilled diagnostic allergopathology is most important. In this study the current state of the question of allergy diagnostics is considered, the international experience is summarized and the approach to the allergy diagnosis based on use of step-by-step identification of a causal and significant factor of allergic reactions is offered. On the basis of the analysis of relevance and the importance for patients of one or the other allergens (taking into account a source of allergens and age of patients) use of a step-by-step allergy diagnostics algorithm is offered. The first step is definition of clinical implications of an allergy. It means direct contact of the phisition with the patient, clarification of its complaints, clinical symptoms, medical history disease. The second step is the confirmation of IgE-dependent mechanism. It involves the using of screening tests that are selected depending on the clinical symptoms and seasonality manifestations (the screening module). The third step is to identify the source of the allergens that are most meaningful for the patient with using test panels (modules). The panels include the most common and clinically relevant triggers of allergic reactions. The fourth step is the search for an individual significant allergens, which were not included in the diagnostic modules. On the fifth step, we plan to conduct component-divided diagnostics and detect the antibodies to unique components of significant allergens. The developed diagnostics algorithm, corresponds to needs of both the adult, and children’s population and provides the personalized approach to the patients.

scholarly journals Efecto del incremento de la actividad física sobre la condición física en un grupo de adolescentes con sobrepeso y/u obesidad

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
IM. Ruiz López ◽  
M. Martín-Matillas ◽  
M. Delgado-Fernández ◽  
E. Delgado-Rico ◽  
C. Campoy Folgoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Health Organization

Se analiza el efecto del incremento de actividad física (AF) para conseguir el cumplimiento de recomendaciones de AF para la mejora de la salud  según la Organización Mundial de la Salud  en un grupo de 42 adolescentes (28 chicas) con sobrepeso/obesidad (IMC=29.37±4.5 Kg/m²). El tratamiento de 12 semanas de duración consistió en la prescripción y seguimiento de AF en dos fases: intensiva (seguimiento semanal) y extensiva (seguimiento quincenal). El nivel de AF se valoró mediante el cuestionario Physician-based Assessment and Counseling  y  la condición física  mediante pruebas de fuerza isométrica del tren superior, fuerza explosiva de piernas y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria de la batería ALPHA. Tras el tratamiento se observa una mejora significativa (p<0,05) en capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. En conclusión, se muestra que incrementando la práctica de AF y cumpliendo las recomendaciones semanales de 300 minutos de AF moderada-vigorosa los adolescentes mejoraron su capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. This study evaluated the effect of increased physical activity (PA) to achieve PA recommendations according to the World Health Organization for improving health in a group of 42 adolescents (28 girls) with overweight / obesity (BMI = 29.37 ± 4.5 Kg / m²). The 12 weeks treatment consisted in the prescription and follow-up of the PA guidelines divided in two phases: intensive (weekly follow-up) and extensive (fortnightly follow-up). PA level was assessed using the Physician-based Assessment and Counseling questionnaire and the Physical Fitness using upper body isometric strength test, lower body explosive strength test and cardiorespiratory fitness test, all from the ALPHA battery fitness tests. After treatment, a significant improvement was observed (p <0.05) in cardiorespiratory fitness. In conclusion, this study shows that increasing PA practice and meeting the weekly recommendations of 300 minutes of moderate-vigorous PA, the adolescents’ group improved their cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals Revisión Bibliográfica: Degeneración Macular Relacionada con la Edad. Prevención y Tratamiento Temprano

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Katerine Leonor Ávila Heras ◽  
Yadira Karina Carrillo Mora ◽  
Sofía Nathaly Cely Jadan ◽  
Marisa Arcos
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Central Vision ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Health Organization

Age-related macular degeneration is one of the diseases that affect the macula in people over 50 years of age, due to the existence of different multifactorial neurodegenerative changes that can lead to the loss of central vision. According to the World Health Organization there is a prevalence of 4 % worldwide; it is related of 7 % of the blindness and 3 %; Clinically it is manifested by two forms, the atrophic or dry and the exudative or wet. It has been shown that foods rich in antioxidants, folic acid and zinc help reduce this disease in early stages. This review aims to update health personnel about the prevention and treatment of age-related macular degeneration.

Fitness Counseling for the College Woman: These Are Not Her Mother's Norms!

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
N. Jean Dalton ◽  
Dana Ensley ◽  
Julie Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Graduate Student ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Fitness Assessment ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Program Adherence

Most university recreation centers offer some form of fitness assessment service to both their undergraduate and graduate student populations. These assessments typically include evaluation of each of the major fitness components — cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. Following assessment of these components, the student is informed of his/her fitness classification and receives a recommended exercise program based on the results. In many instances, the norms used for the fitness classification of these students are those provided by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), which are based on two separate age-related categories, the under 20 and 20–29 year divisions. Since the average undergraduate and graduate student is between 17–25 years of age, the ACSM norms do not provide a single normative distribution. In addition, currently used fitness classifications utilize category headings such as poor and fair which may be disheartening, especially for de-conditioned female students who are already leery about beginning an exercise program. Therefore, the purpose of this research was two-fold: 1) to determine a single normative distribution for 17–25 year-old college female on a variety of commonly used fitness tests; and 2) to develop more user-friendly categories for reporting fitness performance. The intent was to establish more accurate normative data and create a more positive climate during the post-test consultation in a college or university fitness setting. The test battery used combined protocols for each of the major components of fitness including the YMCA sub-maximal ergometer test, 1-RM bench and leg press, curl ups, push ups, trunk flexion, shoulder elevation, and a 3-site body composition test. Testing was performed on 377 female undergraduate and graduate students between the ages of 17 and 25. Normative data including means and standard deviations were determined. In addition, five fitness categories (performance, fitness, healthy, potential risk, and at risk) were established for each of the tests administered. Category descriptors were designed to help foster a supportive atmosphere during the post-test consultation. The integration of these findings into a college-based fitness assessment program may help to create a more reassuring climate and thus positively impact exercise program adherence rates of female college students.

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