scholarly journals Adobe Photoshop Express Application Enhances the Diagnosis of X-Ray Thorax of Covid-19 Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mochtar Jamil ◽  
Muslim Andala Putra ◽  
Muhammad Anas
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adobe Photoshop ◽  
Viral Illness ◽  
Chest X Ray

Covid-19 is a new infectious viral illness. The first one appeared in Wuhan, and within two months, it became a pandemic. Medical diagnosis is confirmed by fever, cough, shortness of breath, combined with neutrophil ratio lymphocyte analysis and chest x-ray or chest ­C.T. radiology imaging, with a ground-glass appearance. C.T. scans are not widely available in hospitals in Indonesia. Many hospitals only own x-ray for covid-19 as radiologic diagnostic imaging. With digital imaging capabilities, Due to the similarity of applications such as the radiological workstation, Adobe Photoshop Express will improve the capacity to diagnose Covid-19 from a chest x-ray. Adobe Photoshop Express has outstanding digital processing capabilities to enhance the presentation of images so that the efficiency of diagnosing plain x-ray thorax image cases with Covid-19 becomes easier and more manageable.

Acute Mitral Regurgitation: an important cause of respiratory distress

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Legate Philip ◽  
◽  
Neil Andrews ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Severe Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Acute Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Chest X Ray

Acute mitral regurgitation (acute MR) is a rare cause of acute respiratory distress, which can present diagnostic challenges. We present the case of a 57 year old man who developed acute shortness of breath subsequently associated with fever, raised white cells and elevated CRP. Chest x-ray revealed unilateral shadowing and he was treated for pneumonia, despite the finding of severe mitral regurgitation on echo. Failure to respond to antibiotic treatment following 3 weeks on ITU led to the consideration of acute MR as the cause of his symptoms and he responded well to diuretics. He subsequently underwent mitral valve repair. The causes and clinical presentations of this condition are discussed.

Automatic detection method of lung cancers including ground-glass opacities from chest x-ray CT images

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiharu Ezoe ◽  
Hotaka Takizawa ◽  
Shinji Yamamoto ◽  
Akinobu Shimizu ◽  
Tohru Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals The diagnostic value of chest X-ray in coronavirus disease 2019: A comparative study of X-ray and CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110162
Author(s):  
Fengxia Zeng ◽  
Yong Cai ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Weiguo Chen ◽  
Min Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic spreads around the world, the demand for imaging examinations increases accordingly. The value of conventional chest radiography (CCR) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of CCR in the detection of COVID-19 through a comparative analysis of CCR and CT. This study included 49 patients with 52 CT images and chest radiographs of pathogen-confirmed COVID-19 cases and COVID-19-suspected cases that were found to be negative (non-COVID-19). The performance of CCR in detecting COVID-19 was compared to CT imaging. The major signatures that allowed for differentiation between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases were also evaluated. Approximately 75% (39/52) of images had positive findings on the chest x-ray examinations, while 80.7% (42/52) had positive chest CT scans. The COVID-19 group accounted for 88.4% (23/26) of positive chest X-ray examinations and 96.1% (25/26) of positive chest CT scans. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CCR for abnormal shadows were 88%, 80%, and 87%, respectively, for all patients. For the COVID-19 group, the accuracy of CCR was 92%. The primary signature on CCR was flocculent shadows in both groups. The shadows were primarily in the bi-pulmonary, which was significantly different from non-COVID-19 patients ( p = 0.008). The major CT finding of COVID-19 patients was ground-glass opacities in both lungs, while in non-COVID-19 patients, consolidations combined with ground-glass opacities were more common in one lung than both lungs ( p = 0.0001). CCR showed excellent performance in detecting abnormal shadows in patients with confirmed COVID-19. However, it has limited value in differentiating COVID-19 patients from non-COVID-19 patients. Through the typical epidemiological history, laboratory examinations, and clinical symptoms, combined with the distributive characteristics of shadows, CCR may be useful to identify patients with possible COVID-19. This will allow for the rapid identification and quarantine of patients.

Woman in her 50s with shortness of breath on exertion

Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
Takao Konishi ◽  
Hironori Murakami ◽  
Shinya Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
List Type ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Supplementary Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Doppler Image ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Axis View

Clinical introductionA 59-year-old woman visited an outpatient cardiology clinic due to shortness of breath on exertion. Physical examination showed no significant abnormality of vital signs. A III/VI systolic murmur was heard on the fourth intercostal space at the right sternal border. The majority of laboratory tests were normal. Chest X-ray showed a curved vessel shadow (figure 1A). Initial transthoracic echocardiography showed abnormal blood flow into the inferior vena cava (IVC) in the subxiphoid long axis view (figure 1B) and mild right heart dilatation (online supplementary figure 1). Transoesophageal echocardiography showed severe tricuspid regurgitation (online supplementary figure 2).Figure 1(A) Chest X-ray. (B) Colour Doppler image in the subxiphoid long axis view.Supplementary dataSupplementary dataQuestionWhat is the most likely underlying disease for the patient’s shortness of breath on exertion?Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.Pulmonary arterial hypertension.Lung cancer.Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection.Isolated tricuspid regurgitation.

scholarly journals Imaging of COVID-19 pneumonia in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1113) ◽  
pp. 20200647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Figen Palabiyik ◽  
Suna Ors Kokurcan ◽  
Nevin Hatipoglu ◽  
Sinem Oral Cebeci ◽  
Ercan Inci
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Pathologic Finding ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Single Lesion

Objective: Literature related to the imaging of COVID-19 pneumonia, its findings and contribution to diagnosis and its differences from adults are limited in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate chest X-ray and chest CT findings in children with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: Chest X-ray findings of 59 pediatric patients and chest CT findings of 22 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia were evaluated retrospectively. Results: COVID-19 pneumonia was most commonly observed unilaterally and in lower zones of lungs in chest X-ray examinations. Bilateral and multifocal involvement (55%) was the most observed involvement in the CT examinations, as well as, single lesion and single lobe (27%) involvement were also detected. Pure ground-glass appearance was observed in 41%, ground-glass appearance and consolidation together was in 36%. While peripheral and central co-distribution of the lesions (55%) were frequently observed, the involvement of the lower lobes (69%) was significant. In four cases,the coexistence of multiple rounded multifocal ground-glass appearance and rounded consolidation were observed. Conclusion: COVID-19 pneumonia imaging findings may differ in the pediatric population from adults. In diagnosis, chest X-ray should be preferred, CT should be requested if there is a pathologic finding on radiography that merits further evaluation and if clinically indicated. Advances in knowledge: Radiological findings of COVID-19 observed in children may differ from adults. Chest X-ray should often be sufficient in children avoiding additional irradiation, chest CT needs only be done in cases of clinical necessity.

scholarly journals Bronchial Leech Infestation in a 15-Year-Old Female

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ashkan Moslehi ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Imanieh ◽  
Ali Adib
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Right

Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a common incidence in young children. Leeches are rarely reported as FBA at any age. This study describes a 15-year-old female who presented with hemoptysis, hematemesis, coughs, melena, and anemia seven months prior to admission. Chest X-ray showed a round hyperdensity in the right lower lobe. A chest computed tomography (CT) demonstrated an area of consolidation and surrounding ground glass opacities in the right lower lobe. Hematological investigations revealed anemia. Finally, bronchoscopy was performed and a 5 cm leech was found within the rightB7-8bronchus and removed by forceps and a Dormia basket.

Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia as A Cause of Acute Respiratory Failure In Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4876-4876
Author(s):  
Mukta Kumar ◽  
William Keough
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Abstract 4876 Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for severe pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Management of this pneumonia remains a major challenge for all physicians caring for immunosuppressed patients. The prognosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) with acute respiratory failure is traditionally known to be poor. We report a case of PCP in a child with recently diagnosed childhood Precursor B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Course was complicated with acute respiratory failure showing hypoxemia, respiratory failure requiring intubation and reduced compliance resembling ARDS. Our Patient, 8 weeks into chemotherapy for newly diagnosed ALL, presented with high grade fevers and poor activity. Patient was admitted 3 weeks prior for Bacillus cereus bacteremia. Additionally the patient had been on broad spectrum antibiotics on 2 occasions for febrile neutropenia episodes within the past 2 weeks. Patient had minimal respiratory symptoms at this presentation and recovered from pancytopenia at the time of this presentation. CT scans and chest x-ray (Figures 1 and 2) showed diffuse marked ground glass opacities with dependent consolidation in the lungs. On day 3 of admission, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was preformed and empiric trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was initiated in addition to broad spectrum antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral medications. Within 24 hours, patient rapidly deteriorated with significant respiratory distress and hypoxemia requiring intubation. Clinical and radiologic findings were suggestive of ARDS. Patient required significant ventilatory support, fluid restriction, diuretics, and steroids. PCR testing of BAL fluid was reported as positive for Pneumocystis jirovecii. By hospital day 6 the patient was still requiring a fair amount of respiratory support. Corticosteroids had been added but concern amongst some members of the team surrounded possible lack of efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Review of published case reports suggested that addition of caspofungin provided salvage therapy in cases where trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was believed to be suboptimal. Caspofungin was added to this patient's treatment. However, liver trans-aminases experienced a 2–3 fold increase within 72 hours after initiating caspofungin. Caspofungin was withdrawn but the patient's condition gradually improved and was extubated 7 days later. Also of note, there have been wide spread regional and national shortages of intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole preparations. We were forced to convert to oral therapy several days after extubation. The patient continued to improve and had no signs of complications or increased morbidity from this conversion; however, this was a continued concern during his treatment. A Pub Med review of the literature reveals very little failure of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in the non-HIV immunocompromised population. Further, studies in Denmark, Italy, and the UK reveal that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in children with ALL also decreases the number of febrile and bacteremic incidents. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole also has advantages over other prophylactic choices against Pneumocystis jirovecii with fewer side effects such as methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone for example. Other studies from the UK, US, and Denmark stress that the early diagnosis and treatment with appropriate antimicrobials and possibly corticosteroids has a better outcome in this frequently fatal complication of immunosupressed patients. This case stresses the need for continued patient education regarding adherence to prophylactic regimens, early diagnosis and suspicion of opportunistic organisms such as Pneumocystis jirovecii, and prompt diagnosis and treatment of the same.Figure 1.Ground Glass Opacities on CT ChestFigure 1. Ground Glass Opacities on CT ChestFigure 2.Chest x-ray infiltratesFigure 2. Chest x-ray infiltrates Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Amiodarone-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity – A Frequently Missed Complication

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CCRep.S39809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Sweidan ◽  
Navneet K. Singh ◽  
Natasha Dang ◽  
Vinh Lam ◽  
Jyoti Datta
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonitis ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
New Onset

Introduction Amiodarone is often used in the suppression of tachyarrhythmias. One of the more serious adverse effects includes amiodarone pulmonary toxicity (APT). Several pulmonary diseases can manifest including interstitial pneumonitis, organizing pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, pulmonary nodules or masses, and pleural effusion. Incidence of APT varies from 5–15% and is correlated to dosage, age of the patient, and preexisting lung disease. Description A 56-year-old male with a past medical history of coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was admitted for a coronary artery bypass graft. Post-operatively, the patient was admitted to the ICU for ventilator management and continued to receive his home dose of amiodarone 400 mg orally twice daily, which he had been taking for the past 3 months. The patient was found to be hypoxemic with a PaO2 52 mmHg and bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray. Patient also complained of new onset dyspnea. Physical exam found bilateral rhonchi with bibasilar crackles and subcutaneous emphysema along the left anterior chest wall. Daily chest x-rays showed worsening of bilateral interstitial infiltrates and pleural effusions. A chest high-resolution computed tomography on post-operative day 3 showed extensive and severe bilateral ground glass opacities. APT was suspected and amiodarone was discontinued. A course of oral prednisone without antibiotics was initiated, and after one week of treatment the chest film cleared, the PaO2 value normalized and dyspnea resolved. Discussion APT occurs via cytotoxic T cells and indirectly by immunological reaction. Typically the lungs manifest a diffuse interstitial pneumonitis with varying degrees of fibrosis. Infiltrates with a ‘ground-glass’ appearance appreciated on HRCT are more definitive than chest x-ray. Pulmonary nodules can be seen, frequently in the upper lobes. These are postulated to be accumulations of amiodarone in areas of previous inflammation. Those undergoing major cardiothoracic surgery are known to be predisposed to APT. Some elements require consideration: a baseline pulmonary function test (PFT) did not exist prior. APT would manifest a restrictive pattern of PFTs. In APT diffusing capacity (DLCO) is generally >20 percent from baseline. A DLCO was not done in this patient. Therefore, not every type of interstitial lung disease could be ruled out. Key features support a clinical diagnosis: (1) new dyspnea, (2) exclusion of lung infection, (3) exclusion of heart failure, (4) new radiographic features, (5) improvement with withdrawal of amiodarone. Our case illustrates consideration of APT in patients who have extensive use of amiodarone and new onset dyspnea.

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