scholarly journals ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ОЦІНКИ СТАНУ СЕРЦЕВО-СУДИННОЇ СИСТЕМИ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МЕТОДІВ МОРФОЛОГІЧНОГО АНАЛІЗУ ОСЦИЛОГРАМИ

Author(s):  
D. V. Vakulenko ◽  
L. O. Vakulenko ◽  
D. V. Kozak

Information technology of morphological analysis of waveforms: rhythm, frequency, shape, oscillation amplitude, the duration of their phases, and the presence, size, localization of the dicrotic notch and additional waves in the descending part of oscillations, their dynamics in the process of increasing the compression enable us to estimate not only the level of blood pressure but the state of the peripheral vessels, the functional capacity of the cardiovascular system and the mechanisms of its adaptation to receptacles compression arm cuff.

Author(s):  
Goran Bošnjak ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljević ◽  
Gorana Tešanović ◽  
Velibor Srdić

Testing function of cardiovascular system is measured, the most often, physical ability and functional capacity of transport system or its parts. Many studies have found an association with obesity by reducing functional capacity of cardiovascular system that is correlated with physical ability to work. This research was conducted in order to determine the functional ability of cardiovascular system in adolescents to assess need of their sports activities at this age. The sample consisted of 55 high school students, male, 16 years old (+/- 6 months). For this research, the body mass index is used as a criterion for forming groups of respondents. The functional capacity of cardiovascular system is observed through variables: systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after load and heart rate before and after load after performing Astrand test of ergometar bicycle. Analysis of functional abilities cardiovascular respondents before and after load, it was noted that in respondents who had a higher body mass index, showed higher values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after load, as well as higher values of heart rate before and after load. This study confirmed previous numerous studies, stating that increased body mass index leads to harmful effects on cardiovascular system.


Author(s):  
S.N. Gordiychuk ◽  
E.A. Tomilova ◽  
V.V. Kolpakov

The concept of typological variability of the physiological individuality is considered to be the methodological basis of the research. It is proved that the level of habitual motor activity is a tempostabile personal and genetically programmed characteristic (in toddlehood, midchildhood, adolescence, and adulthood). In age-specific physiology and pediatrics, there is also a need to determine quantitative indicators of motor activity in the early stages of ontogenesis, in particular, in the neonatal period, since, according to modern law, indicators of psychomotor status are criteria for the harmonious development of a newborn. The knowledge of the basic key characteristic – the level of spontaneous motor activity (SMA) – allows clinicians to study morphofunctional and psychophysiological characteristics of newborns. The purpose of the paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of functional capacity of the cardiovascular system in newborns with different levels of spontaneous motor activity at rest and during the circadian cycle. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 137 newborns of health groups 1–2 (age: 10–14 days: gestation period: 38–42 weeks; second stage of nursing). According to SMA quantitative indicators, the authors identified three groups of newborns: with low, medium and high SMA. In each constitutional group, centile tables were used for anthropometric assessment; cardiovascular system functional capacity was evaluated at rest and during the circadian cycle. Results. The authors distinguished three groups of newborns: with low, medium and high spontaneous motor activity. For each group the authors determined quantitative indicators of locomotion, established individual and typological anthropometric characteristics and cardiovascular indicators. Statistically significant differences were defined in the extreme groups. Newborns with low SMA are characterized by brachymorphy, high heart rates, and the lowest blood pressure indicators; newborns with high SMA demonstrate dolichomorphy, the lowest heart rates, and high blood pressure. Circadian rhythm of cardiovascular indicators was of a typical pattern. Conclusion. Each group of newborns revealed individual typological characteristics in terms of cardiovascular indicators. The most significant differences were noted in newborns with low and high SMA, which may serve as a basis for prenosological diagnostics. Keywords: newborns, spontaneous motor activity, functional capability, cardiovascular system. Методологической основой проводимых исследований явилась концепция типологической вариабельности физиологической индивидуальности. Доказано, что уровень привычной двигательной активности является стабильным индивидуальным и генетически запрограммированным признаком (у лиц дошкольного, школьного, юношеского и зрелого возрастов). В возрастной физиологии и педиатрии также существует необходимость определения количественных показателей двигательной активности на ранних этапах онтогенеза, в частности в неонатальном периоде, так как согласно действующим приказам показатели психомоторного статуса являются критериями гармоничного развития новорожденного. Установление ведущего типового признака – уровня спонтанной двигательной активности (СДА) – позволяет в дальнейшем изучить морфофункциональные и психофизиологические особенности детей этого возрастного периода. Цель работы  провести сравнительный анализ функциональных показателей сердечно-сосудистой системы новорожденных с различным уровнем спонтанной двигательной активности в покое и в течение суточного цикла. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 137 новорожденных I–II групп здоровья (возраст – 10–14 дней, срок гестации – 38–42 нед., второй этап выхаживания). По результатам определения количественных показателей СДА выделены три группы детей с низкой, средней и высокой СДА. В каждой конституциональной группе проведена антропометрическая оценка по центильным таблицам; функциональные показатели сердечно-сосудистой системы оценивали в состоянии покоя и в течение суточного цикла. Результаты. Для каждой группы определены количественные показатели локомоций, установлены индивидуально-типологические особенности антропометрических параметров и показателей сердечно-сосудистой системы. Статистически значимые различия определены в крайних группах. Для новорожденных с низкой СДА характерна брахиморфия, высокие показатели ЧСС, наименьшие показатели артериального давления, для детей с высокой СДА – долихоморфия, наименьшие показатели ЧСС, высокие показатели артериального давления. Хроноструктура суточного ритма показателей сердечно-сосудистой системы носила типовую направленность. Выводы. В каждой группе новорожденных выявлены индивидуально-типологические особенности по показателям сердечно-сосудистой системы. Наиболее существенные различия отмечены в группах новорожденных с низкой и высокой СДА, что может являться основой для выделения критериев донозологической диагностики. Ключевые слова: новорожденные, спонтанная двигательная активность, функциональные показатели, сердечно-сосудистая система.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
O. Р. Korzhenevs’ka ◽  
O. В. Severynovs’ka

With the help of daily monitoring of blood pressure we assessed the state of the cardiovascular system of foot-platemen of the Prydniprovsk railway Pjatykhatky Depot. Foot-platemen having the I stage of arterial hypertension demonstrated the 11–17% increase of arterial pressure during daily work. It is related to inefficient adaptation to the physical and psychoemotional overloads. With aggravation of the disease the change of arterial pressure during the work, especially night work, ismisaligned and characterised by considerable structural abnormalities of the left ventricle myocardium.


2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 118-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Akselrod ◽  
S. Eyal

Abstract:A simple nonlinear beat-to-beat model of the human cardiovascular system has been studied. The model, introduced by DeBoer et al. was a simplified linearized version. We present a modified model which allows to investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the cardiovascular system. We found that an increase in the -sympathetic gain, via a Hopf bifurcation, leads to sustained oscillations both in heart rate and blood pressure variables at about 0.1 Hz (Mayer waves). Similar oscillations were observed when increasing the -sympathetic gain or decreasing the vagal gain. Further changes of the gains, even beyond reasonable physiological values, did not reveal another bifurcation. The dynamics observed were thus either fixed point or limit cycle. Introducing respiration into the model showed entrainment between the respiration frequency and the Mayer waves.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Maura Mbunyuza-deHeer Menlah

This article reports on a proposed evaluation plan that has been developed to assess the work done by the State Information Technology Agency (SITA). The SITA programme was implemented in response to the South African government’s call to improve the lives of the populations in some rural areas through technology. The programme was meant to address slow development in  rural  areas  that  lack  technological  innovations  and  advances.  In  the proposed evaluation plan a review is made of secondary data, deciding how strategic priorities are to be determined, as well as analysis of the rural context environment. The researcher gives an account of how the evaluation strategies are to be piloted and rolled out thereafter. Lessons learnt are recorded and reported upon. A proposed evaluation plan will be developed, based on the lessons learnt in line with the objectives of the project.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1253-1261
Author(s):  
Mourad Akdad ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks

Aims: The present study was performed in order to analyze the antihypertensive activity of Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb. Background: Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb is an aromatic and medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. This herb is used to treat various pathologies such as cardiovascular disorders. Meanwhile, its pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system have not been studied. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of aerial parts of Micromeria graeca (AEMG) on the cardiovascular system in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Methods: In this study, the cardiovascular effect of AEMG was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro investigations. In order to assess the acute effect of AEMG on the cardiovascular system, anesthetized L-NAME-hypertensive and normotensive rats received AEMG (100 mg/kg) orally and arterial blood pressure parameters were monitored during six hours. In the sub-chronic study, rats were orally treated for one week, followed by blood pressure assessment during one week of treatment. Blood pressure was measured using a tail-cuff and a computer-assisted monitoring device. In the second experiment, isolated rat aortic ring pre-contracted with Epinephrine (EP) or KCl was used to assess the vasorelaxant effect of AEMG. Results: Oral administration of AEMG (100 mg/kg) provoked a decrease of arterial blood pressure parameters in hypertensive rats. In addition, AEMG induced a vasorelaxant effect in thoracic aortic rings pre-contracted with EP (10 μM) or KCl (80 mM). This effect was attenuated in the presence of propranolol and methylene blue. While in the presence of glibenclamide, L-NAME, nifedipine or Indomethacin, the vasorelaxant effect was not affected. Conclusion: This study showed that Micromeria graeca possesses a potent antihypertensive effect and relaxes the vascular smooth muscle through β-adrenergic and cGMP pathways.


2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Piotrowicz ◽  
P Orzechowski ◽  
I Kowalik ◽  
R Piotrowicz

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): National Health Fund Background. A novel comprehensive care program after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) „KOS-zawał" was implemented in Poland. It includes acute intervention, complex revascularization, implantation of cardiovascular electronic devices (in case of indications), rehabilitation or hybrid telerehabilitation (HTR) and scheduled outpatient follow-up. HTR is a unique component of this program. The purpose of the pilot study was to evaluate a feasibility, safety and patients’ acceptance of HTR as component of a novel care program after AMI and to assess mortality in a one-year follow-up. Methods The study included 55 patients (LVEF 55.6 ± 6.8%; aged 57.5 ± 10.5 years). Patients underwent a 5-week HTR based on Nordic walking, consisting of an initial stage (1 week) conducted within an outpatient center and a basic stage (4-week) home-based telerehabilitation five times weekly. HTR was telemonitored with a device adjusted to register electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and to transmit data via mobile phone network to the monitoring center. The moments of automatic ECG registration were pre-set and coordinated with exercise training. The influence on physical capacity was assessed by comparing changes in functional capacity (METs) from the beginning and the end of HTR. Patients filled in a questionnaire in order to assess their acceptance of HTR at the end of telerehabilitation. Results HTR resulted in a significant improvement in functional capacity and workload duration in exercise test (Table). Safety: there were neither deaths nor adverse events during HTR. Patients accepted HTR, including the need for interactive everyday collaboration with the monitoring center. Prognosis all patients survived in a one-year follow-up. Conclusions Hybrid telerehabilitation is a feasible, safe form of rehabilitation, well accepted by patients. There were no deaths in a one-year follow-up. Outcomes before and after HTR Before telerehabilitation After telerehabilitation P Exercise time [s] 381.5 ± 92.0 513.7 ± 120.2 <0.001 Maximal workload [MET] 7.9 ± 1.8 10.1 ± 2.3 <0.001 Heart rate rest [bpm] 68.6 ± 12.0 66.6 ± 10.9 0.123 Heart rate max effort [bpm] 119.7 ± 15.9 131.0 ± 20.1 <0.001 SBP rest [mmHg] 115.6 ± 14.8 117.7 ± 13.8 0.295 DBP rest [mmHg] 74.3 ± 9.2 76.2 ± 7.3 0.079 SBP max effort [mm Hg] 159.5 ± 25.7 170.7 ± 25.5 0.003 DBP max effort [mm Hg] 84.5 ± 9.2 87.2 ± 9.3 0.043 SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure.


Author(s):  
Ewan Thomas ◽  
Marianna Bellafiore ◽  
Ambra Gentile ◽  
Antonio Paoli ◽  
Antonio Palma ◽  
...  

AbstractThe aim of this study will be to review the current body of literature to understand the effects of stretching on the responses of the cardiovascular system. A literature search was performed using the following databases: Scopus, NLM Pubmed and ScienceDirect. Studies regarding the effects of stretching on responses of the cardiovascular system were investigated. Outcomes regarded heart rate(HR), blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV of which baPWV for brachial-ankle and cfPWV for carotid-femoral waveforms), heart rate variability and endothelial vascular function. Subsequently, the effects of each outcome were quantitatively synthetized using meta-analytic synthesis with random-effect models. A total of 16 studies were considered eligible and included in the quantitative synthesis. Groups were also stratified according to cross-sectional or longitudinal stretching interventions. Quality assessment through the NHLBI tools observed a “fair-to-good” quality of the studies. The meta-analytic synthesis showed a significant effect of d=0.38 concerning HR, d=2.04 regarding baPWV and d=0.46 for cfPWV. Stretching significantly reduces arterial stiffness and HR. The qualitative description of the studies was also supported by the meta-analytic synthesis. No adverse effects were reported, after stretching, in patients affected by cardiovascular disease on blood pressure. There is a lack of studies regarding vascular adaptations to stretching.


Author(s):  
Igor Gurevich ◽  
Dmitry Harazishvili ◽  
Irina Jernova ◽  
Andrei Khilkov ◽  
Alexey Nefyodov ◽  
...  

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