Biological and ecological aspects of Bathygobius soporator (Valenciennes, 1837) (Perciformes, Gobiidae) from Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil

Bathygobius soporator (popularly known as "Maria da toca") is a species that, although abundant, is little studied in aspects regarding growth, feeding and reproduction in southern Brazil. Studies on trophic ecology still raise questions on the species’ actual diet, especially in the context of algae participating as a food resource or an accidental intake. Thus, this study aims to fill this gap, evaluating the growth, feeding, and reproduction of this species. Monthly samples from two periods (1997-1998 and 2005-2006) were analyzed for growth, feeding, and reproduction parameters, totalizing 1177 individuals evaluated. Our results demonstrate that Bathygobius soporator is a species of fast development, reaching the age of first maturation before the first year of life. It presents a sexual dimorphism, being males larger than females. Reproductive peaks occur in the spring and summer months. The species presented a broad trophic spectrum, including algae as the main food resource, not just an accidental intake. The omnivorous-opportunistic trophic ecology of this species is emphasized, agreeing with the information of previous studies.

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Aspectos ecológicos de Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) no município de Capinzal, Santa Catarina, Brasil

EntomoBrasilis ◽

10.12741/ebrasilis.v6i1.248 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 94-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Manuelly Sartori Spier ◽

Edson Fernando Spier ◽

Máira Aparecida Dalavéquia ◽

Mario Arthur Favretto

Keyword(s):

Plant Material ◽

Average Distance ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Atta Sexdens ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Important Species ◽

Green Leaves ◽

Ecological Aspects ◽

Leaf Cutting ◽

Santa Catarina State

Entre as espécies de formigas economicamente importantes, devido aos danos que muitas vezes causam à agricultura, as mais significativas são as formigas-cortadeiras por possuírem o hábito de cortar e transportar fragmentos vegetais diversos para os seus ninhos subterrâneos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar alguns aspectos ecológicos de Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi no município de Capinzal, estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. O material de origem vegetal transportado pelas formigas apresentou como característica folhas verdes/frescas 57%, folhas secas 23%, pedaços de frutos 7%, sementes 7% e flores 3%. Já os de origem animal tiveram uma representação de 3%, e eram compostos por pedaços de insetos. A média de distância percorrida pelas formigas em busca do substrato foi de 12,54 m. Ecological Aspects of Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Municipality of Capinzal, Santa Catarina, Brazil Abstract. Among the economically important species of ants, due to the damage they often cause the agriculture the most significant are the leaf-cutting ants because they have the habit of cut and transport various plant fragments to their underground nests. The objective of this study was characterized some ecological aspects of Atta sexdens piriventris Santschi in the municipality of Capinzal, Santa Catarina state, Southern Brazil. The plant material transported by the ants was 57% of green leaves, 23% of dried leaves, 7% of fruits, 7% of seeds, 3% of flowers and only 3% of animal parts, mostly compounds by insect parts. The average distance walked by the ants in search of the substrate was 12.54 m.

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Case-control study on infant mortality in Southern Brazil

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-89102006000200009 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 240-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Karina Giane Mendes ◽

Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto ◽

Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Infant Mortality ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Case Control ◽

Infant Mortality Rate ◽

First Year ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Control Study

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with infant mortality and, more specifically, with neonatal mortality. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out in the municipality of Caxias do Sul, Southern Brazil. Characteristics of prenatal care and causes of mortality were assessed for all live births in the 2001-2002 period with a completed live-birth certificate and whose mothers lived in the municipality. Cases were defined as all deaths within the first year of life. As controls, there were selected the two children born immediately after each case in the same hospital, who were of the same sex, and did not die within their first year of life. Multivariate analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: There was a reduction in infant mortality, the greatest reduction was observed in the post-neonatal period. The variables gestational age (<36 weeks), birth weight (<2,500 g), and 5-minute Apgar (<6) remained in the final model of the multivariate analysis, after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal conditions comprise almost the totality of neonatal deaths, and the majority of deaths occur at delivery. The challenge for reducing infant mortality rate in the city is to reduce the mortality by perinatal conditions in the neonatal period.

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A comparison of foraging between the South American and Cabot's Tern in southern Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/s1676-06032011000300016 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 189-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hélio Augusto Alves Fracasso ◽

Joaquim Olinto Branco ◽

Edison Barbieri

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Trophic Ecology ◽

South American ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

The South ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Late Afternoon ◽

Large Populations ◽

Breeding Seasons ◽

Prey Items

Despite being widely distributed in South America and having relatively large populations, little is known about the trophic ecology of the South American Tern (Sterna hirundinacea) and Cabot's Tern (Thalasseus acuflavidus). In Brazil, South American and Terns Cabot's breed in mixed colonies from the state of Espírito Santo to Santa Catarina. Here, we describe results of a study of the feeding ecology of these two species during the reproductive seasons of April to October of 2003, 2005 and 2006 from Cardos Island, Santa Catarina, Brazil. A total of 6248, 5140, and 4006 fishes were delivered to chicks or females by South American Terns; and 1157, 628 and 98 fish and or other prey items by Cabot's Terns during the breeding seasons of 2003, 2005, and 2006, respectively. Prey items identified included eight, seven and nine fish families for South American Terns; and, five, three and two families for Cabot's terns, in the three respective years. The number of food deliveries per chick for South American Terns was between 09:00 and 10:00 am in 2006, and between 11:00 and 12:00 am in 2005. Cabot's Terns chicks were fed in the early hours of the morning until late afternoon.

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Developmental status at age 12 months according to birth weight and family income: a comparison of two Brazilian birth cohorts

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2008001500010 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. s444-s450 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Ricardo Halpern ◽

Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽

Alicia Matijasevich ◽

Iná S. Santos ◽

Cesar G. Victora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Developmental Delay ◽

Family Income ◽

Breastfeeding Duration ◽

Psychomotor Development ◽

First Year ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

The City

Two cohorts of children born in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, in 1993 and 2004, were compared in terms of neuro-psychomotor development at the age of 12 months. Children were evaluated using the Denver II screening test. Analyses were performed using the Poisson regression technique. The prevalence of suspected developmental delay fell from 37,1% in 1993 to 21.4% in 2004 and was inversely proportional to family income and birth weight. Among children born weighing under 2,000 g, there was a fourfold reduction in the prevalence of developmental delay between 1993 and 2004. With regard to family income, the poorest group showed the greatest reduction between the two cohorts - a 30% reduction in risk. Our results confirm the influence of income and birth weight on child development. The decrease in the prevalence of developmental delay in the last decade reflects, among other factors, improvements in neonatal care, increased coverage of developmental monitoring in the first year of life, and longer breastfeeding duration. Despite this reduction, the prevalence of developmental delay is still high, reinforcing the need for early diagnosis and intervention.

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Taxonomic and ecological aspects of Myrceugenia mesomischa (Myrtaceae), an endemic tree from southern Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860201162301 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 445-457

Author(s):

Robberson Bernal Setubal ◽

Martin Grings ◽

Eduardo Pasini ◽

Guilherme Dubal dos Santos Seger

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Importance Value ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Araucaria Forest ◽

Current State ◽

Ecological Aspects

Abstract Myrceugenia mesomischa (Burret) D. Legrand & Kausel (Myrtaceae), a tree species poorly cited in floristic and phytosociological surveys in its area of known occurrence, was recorded as one of the species with the highest importance value in a fragment of Araucaria forest in São Francisco de Paula municipality, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The species was abundant in the understory strata of the forest, showing the highest frequency and density of the survey. Considering the paucity of data on the species, its degree of rarity and endemism (occurring only in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, Brazil), more studies are needed to evaluate the true current state of conservation of populations of this species.

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Hospitalizations during infancy in three population-based studies in Southern Brazil: trends and differentials

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2008001500009 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. s437-s443 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Alicia Matijasevich ◽

Juraci A. Cesar ◽

Iná S. Santos ◽

Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽

Maria Alice S. O. Dode ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Marked Reduction ◽

Family Income ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Population Based ◽

First Year ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Study Population ◽

First Year Of Life

Three cohort studies of children born in the urban area of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, were carried out in 1982, 1993, and 2004. The aim of these studies was to measure the occurrence of hospitalization in the first year of life and to examine the association between hospitalization and the cause of admission and sex, birth weight, and family income. Cause of admission was categorized as "diarrhea" and "all other causes". The frequency of children hospitalized at least once during their first year of life was 19.6% in 1982, 18.1% in 1993, and 19.2% in 2004. There was a marked reduction in hospitalizations due to diarrhea, but the frequency of hospitalization for all causes remained constant. In all three cohorts, infants from poorer families and those born weighing under 2,000g showed the highest frequencies of hospitalization due to diarrhea and all other causes, and the latter also showed a marked increase in hospitalizations due to all causes. These findings could be explained by an epidemic of preterm births in the study population.

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Sexual dimorphism in growth pattern among the infants with respect to weight during the first year of life: A longitudinal study

Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health ◽

10.4038/sljch.v50i1.9414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 124

Author(s):

Nirmalya Kumar Sinha ◽

Prabodh Chandra Mondal ◽

Juthika Bhuniya ◽

Dhruba Kumar Mahata ◽

Rincy Mathew

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

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The Development of Swallowing Respiratory Coordination

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd18.1.19 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

Maggie-Lee Huckabee

Keyword(s):

Cortical Activation ◽

First Year ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Nasal Airflow ◽

Single Session ◽

Primary Finding ◽

Patterns Of Behavior ◽

Cortical Modulation ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Swallowing Apnea

Abstract Research exists that evaluates the mechanics of swallowing respiratory coordination in healthy children and adults as well and individuals with swallowing impairment. The research program summarized in this article represents a systematic examination of swallowing respiratory coordination across the lifespan as a means of behaviorally investigating mechanisms of cortical modulation. Using time-locked recordings of submental surface electromyography, nasal airflow, and thyroid acoustics, three conditions of swallowing were evaluated in 20 adults in a single session and 10 infants in 10 sessions across the first year of life. The three swallowing conditions were selected to represent a continuum of volitional through nonvolitional swallowing control on the basis of a decreasing level of cortical activation. Our primary finding is that, across the lifespan, brainstem control strongly dictates the duration of swallowing apnea and is heavily involved in organizing the integration of swallowing and respiration, even in very early infancy. However, there is evidence that cortical modulation increases across the first 12 months of life to approximate more adult-like patterns of behavior. This modulation influences primarily conditions of volitional swallowing; sleep and naïve swallows appear to not be easily adapted by cortical regulation. Thus, it is attention, not arousal that engages cortical mechanisms.

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