Sugarcane straw removal from the soil surface: effects on soil soluble products

The aim of this study was to assess the capacity of sulfentrazone applied in pre-emergence in controlling Ipomoea hederifolia and Ipomoea quamoclit as a function of the time interval between herbicide application and the occurrence of rain, and the presence of sugarcane straw on the soil surface. Two greenhouse experiments and one field experiment were conducted. For the greenhouse experiments, the study included three doses of sulfentrazone applied by spraying 0, 0.6, and 0.9 kg ha-1, two amounts of straw on the soil (0 and 10 t ha-1), and five time intervals between the application of herbicide and rain simulation (0, 20, 40, 60, and 90 days). In the field experiment, five herbicide treatments (sulfentrazone at 0.6 and 0.9 kg ha-1, sulfentrazone + hexazinone at 0.6 + 0.25 kg ha-1, amicarbazone at 1.4 kg ha-1, and imazapic at 0.147 kg ha-1) and two controls with no herbicide were studied. Management conditions with or without sugarcane straw on the soil were also assessed. From the greenhouse experiments, sulfentrazone application at 0.6 kg ha-1 was found to provide for the efficient control of I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit in a dry environment, with up to 90 days between herbicide application and rain simulation. After herbicide application, 20 mm of simulated rain was enough to leach sulfentrazone from the straw to the soil, as the biological effects observed in I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit remained unaffected. Under field conditions, either with or without sugarcane straw left on the soil, sulfentrazone alone (0.6 or 0.9 kg ha-1) or sulfentrazone combined with hexazinone (0.6 + 0.25 kg ha-1) was effective in the control of I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit, exhibiting similar or better control than amicarbazone (1.4 kg ha-1) and imazapic (0.147 kg ha-1).

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Topographic and Soil Surface Effects on Gypsophile Plant Community Patterns in Central Mexico

Journal of Vegetation Science ◽

10.2307/3235799 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 429 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Susan E. Meyer ◽

Edmundo Garcia-Moya ◽

Luz del Carmen Lagunes-Espinoza

Keyword(s):

Plant Community ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Surface Effects ◽

Central Mexico ◽

Community Patterns

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Agronomic performance of sugarcane cultivated under quantities of sugarcane straw on the soil surface

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n6p3983 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 3983 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mariana Alves de Oliveira ◽

Claudemir Zucareli ◽

Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro Neves ◽

Allan Ricardo Domingues ◽

Cristiane De Conti Medina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Yield ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Soil Surface ◽

First Year ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Sugarcane Variety ◽

Crop Establishment ◽

Sugarcane Straw ◽

Second Year ◽

Plot Design

Mechanized harvesting is increasingly present in the sugarcane production system. The straw removed during harvest can be converted to ethanol or used to generate electricity by burning, it is important to determine the amount of biomass that may be removed without damage to the crop. We evaluated the agronomic performance of sugarcane, variety RB92579, grown under different quantities of sugarcane straw on the soil surface, in the first and second year of cane crop. We used the experimental randomized block in split plot design, with four replications. In the first year the plots received five quantities of straw (0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5 and 18 Mg ha-1), and six times assessments (60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 days after planting) arranged in the subplots. In the second year, the plots received the same quantities of straw and four times assessments (60, 120, 240 and 540 days after the regrowth) in subplots. Biometric indexes, components of production and crop yield were evaluated. The data were submitted to variance analysis and study of polynomial regression (p <0.05). Increasing quantities of sugarcane straw deposited on the soil surface reduces the number and diameter of the stem at the beginning crop establishment, and number of sheets for the first year. The maximum productivity of stems is achieved by maintaining 9,6 Mg ha-1 of straw for first year and 4,7 Mg ha-1 of straw for second year of cane crop.

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Sugarcane straw decomposition and carbon balance as a function of initial biomass and vinasse addition to soil surface

Bragantia ◽

10.1590/1678-4499.580 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 135-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carina Sayuri Yamaguchi ◽

Nilza Patrícia Ramos ◽

Cristina Silva Carvalho ◽

Adriana Marlene Moreno Pires ◽

Cristiano Alberto de Andrade

Keyword(s):

Soil Carbon ◽

Carbon Concentration ◽

Decomposition Rate ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Straw Decomposition ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Sugarcane Straw

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate sugarcane straw decomposition and the potential of increasing soil carbon as a function of the initial biomass and vinasse addition to soil surface. The experimente consisted of incubation (240 days, in the dark, humidity equivalent to 70% of soil water retention capacity and average temperature of 28 °C) of Oxisol soil samples (0-20 cm soil layer) with straw added to soil surface at rates of 2; 4; 8; 16 and 24 t∙ha−1 and with or without vinasse addition (200 m3∙ha-1). The following variables were determined: released C-CO2, remaining straw dry matter, carbon straw and soil carbon concentration. The added biomass did not influence straw decomposition rate, but vinasse treatments provided rates between 70 and 94% compared to 68 to 75% for the ones without vinasse. The straw (16 and 24 t∙ha−1) decomposition rate increased between 14 and 35% due to vinasse addition, but the same behavior was not observed for released C-CO2. This result was explained by the twofold increase of soil carbon concentration, estimated by mass balance and confirmed analytically by the carbon concentration of soil samples. It was concluded that sugarcane straw decomposition, under no limiting conditions of humidity and temperature, did not depend on biomass initially added and that vinasse addition accelerated straw decomposition and potentialized carbon input into the soil.

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Dynamics of Clomazone Formulations Under Different Applications Conditions

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582019370100076 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

Author(s):

L. TROPALDI ◽

I.P.F.S. BRITO ◽

R.C. DIAS ◽

M.L.B. TRINDADE ◽

C.A. CARBONARI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Rainfall Simulation ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Sugarcane Straw ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Urochloa Decumbens ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Production Areas

ABSTRACT: Maintenance of straw on the soil surface in sugarcane production areas can influence weed occurrence and herbicide dynamics. After application, considerable losses of clomazone can occur as a result of its physicochemical characteristics. For this reason, novel formulations have been developed. In addition to the conventional formulation, microencapsulated formulations are currently available. Thus, the aim of this study was to observe and compare the effect of clomazone formulations under different application conditions. For this purpose, the experiment was carried with 12 treatments in a completely randomized design, with four replications, using clomazone formulations (1,200 g a.i. ha-1), on soils with different moisture levels, in the presence and absence of sugarcane straw, followed or not by rainfall simulation. The treatments were compared by observation of number of emerged plants and phytotoxicity at 7 and 14 DAA, as well shoot dry matter at 14 DAA for Ipomoea nil, Urochloa decumbens and Panicum maximum. In general, the microencapsulated formulation presented a better performance under the less suitable application conditions when compared to the conventional one. However, for the other conditions, both formulations had a similar performance.

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Topographic and soil surface effects on gypsophile plant community patterns in central Mexico

Journal of Vegetation Science ◽

10.1111/j.1654-1103.1992.tb00353.x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 429-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Susan E. Meyer ◽

Edmundo García-Moya ◽

Luz del Carmen Lagunes-Espinoza

Keyword(s):

Plant Community ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Surface Effects ◽

Central Mexico ◽

Community Patterns

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Performance of herbicides in sugarcane straw

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20141244 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 2106-2112 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rosilaine Araldi ◽

Edivaldo Domingues Velini ◽

Giovanna Larissa Gimenes Cotrick Gomes ◽

Leandro Tropaldi ◽

Ilca Puertas de Freitas e Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Chromatographic Analysis ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Rainfall Amount ◽

State University ◽

Weed Population ◽

Paulo State ◽

Sugarcane Straw ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Rain Simulation

The process of mechanical harvesting of sugarcane generates a large deposition of straw on the soil surface, providing a coverage that several studies have found important for reducing the weed population. Although such coverage reduces weed infestations, additional management, including chemical control, is still needed. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the leaching of atrazine, pendimethalin, metribuzin, clomazone, diuron and hexazinone in sugarcane straw. The experiment was conducted at the School of Agronomic Engineering at UNESP (Sao Paulo State University) - Botucatu/SP. The sugarcane straw was collected in the field, cut and placed in quantities of 10t ha-1 in the capsules used as experimental units. The experimental design was completely randomized, using six herbicide treatments and four replications. Within 24 hours after the herbicides were applied in capsules with straw, five different rainfalls (5, 10, 20, 50 and 100mm) were simulated. The leached water was collected for chromatographic analysis. The herbicide percentages that crossed the straw layer were statistically correlated with the rainfall amount by the Mitscherlich model that compares the facility of herbicide removal from sugarcane straw. In summary, pendimethalin did not present quantified transposition of the product by sugarcane straw even with a rain simulation of 100 mm. Furthermore, two different profiles of facility to transpose the herbicides in straw were found: one for metribuzin and hexazinone that crossed quickly through the straw layer and another for atrazine, diuron and clomazone that required more rainfall to be leached from coverage to the soil according to the maximum removable amount of each herbicide.

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MANEJO E PRODUÇÃO DE PALHADA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM UM SISTEMA IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO SUBSUPERFICIAL PARA GERAÇÃO DE BIOETANOL

ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA ◽

10.17224/energagric.2020v35n4p516-530 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 516-530

Author(s):

Anderson Ramos de Oliveira ◽

Welson Lima Simões

Keyword(s):

Drip Irrigation ◽

Second Generation ◽

Surface Coverage ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽

Sugarcane Plant ◽

Second Generation Bioethanol ◽

Sugarcane Straw ◽

Subsurface Drip

MANEJO E PRODUÇÃO DE PALHADA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM UM SISTEMA IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO SUBSUPERFICIAL PARA GERAÇÃO DE BIOETANOL ANDERSON RAMOS DE OLIVEIRA1, WELSON LIMA SIMÕES1 1 Embrapa Semiárido, Rodovia BR-428, Km 152, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP 56302-970, Petrolina, PE, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] RESUMO: Práticas agrícolas que contemplam a sustentabilidade do sistema de produção da cana-de-açúcar têm sido cada vez mais demandadas pela sociedade. A palhada disponibilizada na colheita da cana-de-açúcar, sem queima, pode ser utilizada para a cogeração de energia na forma de bioetanol. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a produtividade de palhada de cana-de-açúcar e estimar o rendimento de bioetanol de segunda geração - E2G, em um sistema irrigado por gotejamento subsuperficial, sob diferentes percentuais de manutenção de palhada sobre a superfície do solo. O estudo foi desenvolvido na Usina Agrovale S.A., em Juazeiro, BA. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos, correspondentes aos percentuais de manutenção de palhada sobre o solo: 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%, com quatro repetições, durante quatro ciclos de cultivo. Avaliou-se a produtividade de palhada remanescente após as colheitas e estimou-se o rendimento de bioetanol. A produtividade de palhada da cana-de-açúcar na colheita foi influenciada pela porcentagem de palhada remanescente mantida sobre o solo. A cultivar VAT90212 apresenta maior produtividade de palhada no ciclo de cana-planta. O rendimento de E2G proveniente da palhada aumenta o potencial de produtividade total de bioetanol de cana-de-açúcar por hectare. Palavras-chave: E2G, sustentabilidade, bioenergia, Semiárido. MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION OF SUGARCANE STRAW UNDER SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION FOR BIOETHANOL GENERATION ABSTRACT: Sustainable agricultural practices in the sugarcane production system have been increasingly demanded by society. The amount of sugarcane straw available in the harvest, without burning, can be used as energy for second-generation bioethanol production. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the productivity of sugarcane straw and to estimate the yield of second-generation bioethanol, under subsurface drip irrigation, using straw at different percentages of soil surface coverage. The study was conducted at Agrovale S.A. in Juazeiro, BA, Brazil. A randomized block design with five treatments, corresponding to the levels of straw soil surface coverage was used: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, with four replications, during four crop cycles. The yield of remaining straw on the soil after the harvest was evaluated and the yield of bioethanol was estimated. The yield of sugarcane straw at harvest was influenced by the percentage of remaining straw soil surface coverage. The cultivar VAT90212 shows higher straw productivity in the sugarcane plant cycle. The yield of the second generation bioethanol from the straw increases the total productivity potential of bioethanol from sugarcane per hectare. Keywords: E2G, sustainability, bioenergy, Semi-arid.

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Effects of straw decomposition degree on leaching and weed control efficacy of tebuthiuron and hexazinone in green sugarcane harvesting

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582014000400016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 808-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T.A.P. Tonieto ◽

J.B. Regitano

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Environmental Fate ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Straw Decomposition ◽

Sugarcane Straw ◽

Efficient Control

Green sugarcane harvesting may promote great changes in the dynamics of herbicides in the environment. Our goal was to evaluate the influence of straw decomposition degree on leaching and weed (Ipomoea grandifolia) control efficacy by (14C) tebuthiuron and hexazinone. The presence of straw on the soil surface affected leaching, mainly for hexazinone (leaching reduced from 37 to 5% of the applied amount in the presence of straw). Overall, tebuthiuron showed more efficient control of Ipomoea than hexazinone. The straw decomposition degree affected only hexazinone efficacy that was lowest for the least decomposed straw. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of sugarcane straw on herbicides dissipation, particularly on volatilization and photolysis, to better predict their efficacy and environmental fate.

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Urea and sugarcane straw nitrogen balance in a soil-sugarcane crop system

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2005000700010 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 689-695 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Glauber José de Castro Gava ◽

Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin ◽

André Cesar Vitti ◽

Mauro Wagner de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Podzolic Soil ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Organic N ◽

Sugarcane Plant ◽

Sugarcane Crop ◽

Sugarcane Straw ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Sugarcane Ratoon

The objectives of this study were to evaluate nitrogen utilization by sugarcane ratoon from two sources, applied urea and sugarcane straw covering soil surface (trash blanket), besides the recovery of N from both sources in the soil-plant system. The following treatments were established in a randomized block design with four replicates: T1, vinasse-urea (100 kg ha-1 of urea-N) mixture applied on the total area of the soil covered with cane trash labeled with 15N; T2, vinasse-urea mixture (urea labeled with 15N; 100 kg ha-1 of urea-N) applied on the total area of the soil covered with non-labeled sugarcane trash; and T3, urea-15N (100 kg ha-1 of urea-N) applied in furrows at both sides of cane rows, with previous surface application of vinasse, onto soil without trash covering. The vinasse was applied at a rate of 100 m³ ha-1 in all treatments. The experiment was carried out on a Yellow Red Podzolic soil (Paleudalf), from October 1997 to August 1998, in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The nitrogen use efficiency of urea by the sugarcane ratoon was 21%, while that of the sugarcane straw was 9%. The main contributions of N from sugarcane trash, during one cycle, are the preservation and increase of the organic N in soil. The tendency for a lower accumulation of urea-N in the sugarcane plant, in the soil surface covered with sugarcane residue, was compensated by the assimilation of N from trash mineralization. Nitrogen derived from cane trash was more available to plants in the second half of the ratoon cycle

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