scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption And Cardiovascular Mortality In Hypertensive Patients

Circulation ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 103 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 1367-1367
Author(s):  
Maciej K. Malinski ◽  
Howard D. Sesso ◽  
Francisco Lopez-Jimenez ◽  
Julie E. Buring ◽  
J. Michael Gaziano
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Intake

P83 Background: Alcohol drinking is associated with a dose-dependent increase in blood pressure, and JNC VI advises limiting alcohol consumption in patients with hypertension. Data are sparse on relationship between alcohol consumption and mortality in hypertensive patients. We therefore assessed whether alcohol consumption is associated with decrease in total, and cardiovascular mortality among subjects with hypertension. Methods: From the enrollment cohort of 89,251 men from the Physicians’ Health Study who provided self-reported information on alcohol intake and were free of myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer or liver disease at baseline, we identified a group of 14,125 persons with a history of current or past treatment for hypertension. Results: During 75,710 person-years of follow up, there were 1,018 deaths including 579 from cardiovascular disease and 224 from cancer. In multivariate analyses that controlled for several potential confounders, moderate alcohol intake was associated with significant decrease in cardiovascular mortality (P<0.001 for linear trend). Compared with non-drinking men, those who drank 1 to 3 drinks per month had a RR for cardiovascular mortality of 0.86 (CI 0.63-1.18, P=0.35); for 1 to 6 drinks per week, the RR was 0.64 (CI 0.51-0.81, P<0.001); for >= 1 drink per day the RR was 0.57 (CI 0.44-0.72, P<0.001). RR values for all-cause mortality in the same groups were respectively 0.89 (CI 0.70-1.15, P=0.38); 0.73 (CI 0.60-0.88, P=0.001); and 0.73 (CI 0.61-0.89, P=0.0014)(P=0.0025 for linear trend). On the other hand, we found no significant association between moderate alcohol consumption and cancer mortality (P=0.68 for linear trend). Conclusion: These results suggest that light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a significant reduction in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension.

Abstract P298: Light-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in the Physicians’ Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajat Singh ◽  
Jiaying Chen ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Howard D Sesso ◽  
John M Gaziano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Non Linear

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an increasingly recognized cause of morbidity and mortality in the aging US population. While moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to be associated with a lower risk of atherosclerotic macrovascular disease, its relationship with AAA remains inconsistent in previous studies. We therefore sought to elucidate the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of AAA in a prospective cohort of middle-aged and older men. Methods: Our study included 21,842 male physicians (mean age: 53.7 years) in the Physicians’ Health Study I who reported no history of AAA at baseline. Self-reported information on alcohol consumption and known AAA risk factors including body mass index (BMI), smoking and exercise was obtained on baseline questionnaires. Incidence of clinically diagnosed AAA was assessed via self-reported information on annual questionnaires and validated successfully in a subsample. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of AAA in each category of alcohol intake. Cubic spline regression was used to assess non-linear trend. Results: During an average follow-up of 23.0 years, 655 cases of newly diagnosed AAA were reported. Compared with men reporting less than one alcoholic drink (combined beer, wine, and liquor) per month, the HR [95% CI] of incident AAA after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking, and exercise was 0.69 [0.50 - 0.95] with one to three drinks per month, 0.80 [0.60 - 1.08] with one drink per week, 0.75 [0.58 - 0.97] with two to four drinks per week, 0.67 [0.49 - 0.90] with five to six drinks per week, 0.77 [0.61 - 0.99] with one drink per day, and 0.73 [0.47 - 1.13] with two or more drinks per day (P, non-linear trend=0.17). Conclusions: In this large cohort of middle-aged and older male physicians, light-to-moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a lower risk of clinically diagnosed AAA.

Abstract P043: Alcohol Consumption, Transferrin Saturation and Risk of All-Cause Mortality in The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence O James ◽  
James N Kiage ◽  
Loren Lipworth ◽  
Uchechukwu K Sampson ◽  
Edmond K Kabagambe
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
National Health ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Heavy Drinkers ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Reduced Risk

Background: Moderate alcohol consumers have a reduced risk for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Alcohol intake improves iron absorption and also has a profound effect on iron metabolism and thus could in part explain the observed inverse association between moderate alcohol intake and mortality. We sought to investigate whether moderate alcohol confers mortality benefits in part through improvement in iron status. Methods: Publicly available data from two consecutive National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (1999/2000 and 2001/2002) were obtained and linked to public data on all-cause mortality. Study participants were grouped as never, past, moderate (≤2 drinks/day for men, ≤ 1 drink/day for women) and heavy drinkers (>2 drinks/day for men, >1 drink/day for women). To assess the quality of alcohol data in NHANES, we tested whether self-reported alcohol consumption was associated with biomarkers of alcohol intake (HDL-C and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT)). Cox-models, weighted using four-year sampling weights, were fitted to determine whether alcohol intake was associated with all-cause mortality. Measures of iron status, particularly serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, hemoglobin and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin were evaluated as potential mediators of the association between alcohol consumption and risk of all-cause mortality. Results: Among 7,532 men and women with complete data, 17% were never drinkers, 20% were past drinkers, 30% were moderate drinkers and 33% were heavy drinkers. We found an increase in HDL-C and GGT with increased alcohol intake, suggesting that self-reported alcohol intake is reliable in this population. In the weighted analysis, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for all-cause mortality among moderate alcohol users compared to never users was 0.56 (0.37-0.85), in models adjusted for age, race, smoking, statin use and history of diabetes, among other variables. Adjustment for transferrin saturation as a measure of iron status attenuated the benefit from moderate alcohol (HR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.41-1.14), suggesting that moderate alcohol consumption may in part confer a benefit on mortality through improvement in iron status. These results warrant further evaluation in rigorous formal mediation analyses. Conclusions: Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with higher transferrin saturation and with reduced risk of mortality. Adjusting for iron status attenuated the association between moderate alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality suggesting that the effects of moderate alcohol on mortality may in part be via improvement in iron status.

Benefits and hazards of alcohol-the J-shaped curve and public health

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Skovenborg ◽  
Morten Grønbæk ◽  
R. Curtis Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Intake

Purpose The purpose of this paper is a review of updated evidence of a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality in relation to public health issues to create a basis for sensible individual health deliberations. Design/methodology/approach A review of the evidence from the first observation of a J-shaped association between a moderate alcohol intake and CHD in 1926 to recent studies of the effect of healthy lifestyles (including moderate alcohol intake) on life expectancy free of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and Type 2 diabetes. An update on the biological plausibility of the J-shaped association with focus on recent findings of the association of alcohol intake and blood lipid levels. Findings Plausible J-shaped relations between light to moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of CHD, CVD mortality and all-cause mortality have been found in a large number of robust epidemiological studies. Among the potential mechanisms underlying the proposed protective effects are higher levels of high-density lipoprotein lacking apolipoprotein C3, reduced platelet aggregability, increased level of endothelial cell fibrinolysis, increased insulin sensitivity and decreased inflammation. Originality/value The existence of a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and the risk of CHD and all-cause mortality is based on observational evidence and accordingly challenged by a degree of uncertainty leading some public health circles to state: “there is no safe level of alcohol consumption.” The authors propose that communication on the pros and cons of alcohol intake should emphasize the nadir of a J-shaped curve as a healthy range for the general population while advice regarding the consumption of alcohol should be adjusted to factor in the risks and potential benefits for each individual patient considering age, sex, family history, personal drinking history and specific medical history.

Moderate alcohol intake has no impact on acute and chronic progressive anti-thy1 glomerulonephritis

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (5) ◽  
pp. F1105-F1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harm Peters ◽  
Sebastian Martini ◽  
Raiko Woydt ◽  
Matthias Rückert ◽  
Fuijo Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fibrotic Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Intake ◽  
Pai 1

Moderate alcohol consumption has shown beneficial effects in experimental and human cardiovascular disease. With the use of rat models of acute and chronic progressive anti-thy1 glomerulonephritis (GN), we tested the hypothesis that moderate alcohol intake is protective in renal fibrotic disease. In acute anti-thy1 GN, untreated nephritic rats showed marked mesangial cell lysis and induced nitric oxide production at day 1 and high proteinuria, glomerular matrix accumulation, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, fibronectin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 expression at day 7 after disease induction, respectively. In animals 15 wk after induction of chronic progressive anti-thy1 GN, disease was characterized by significantly reduced renal function, persisting albuminuria as well as increased glomerular and tubulointerstitial matrix expansion, TGF-β1, fibronectin, and PAI-1 protein expression. In both anti-thy1 GN models, an ethanol intake of ∼2 ml per day and animal was achieved, however, disease severity was not significantly altered by moderate alcohol consumption in any of the protocols. In conclusion, moderate alcohol intake does not influence renal matrix protein production and accumulation in acute and chronic progressive anti-thy1 glomerulofibrosis. The study suggests that, in contrast to cardiovascular disorders, moderate alcohol consumption might not provide specific protection in renal fibrotic disease.

Abstract P158: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Acute Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Risk of Cardiovascular Events

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Mostofsky ◽  
Harpreet S Chahal ◽  
Kenneth J Mukamal ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
Murray A Mittleman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Heavy Alcohol

Introduction: Although considerable research describes the cardiovascular effects of habitual moderate and heavy alcohol consumption, the acute risks following alcohol intake have not been well characterized. Based on its physiological effects, alcohol may have markedly different effects on acute and long-term risk. We assessed the hypothesis that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with an immediately higher risk of cardiovascular events that becomes protective after 24 hours, whereas heavy alcohol drinking is associated with higher cardiovascular risk both immediately and in the following days. Methods: We searched CINAHL, Embase, PubMed and PsycINFO from inception to March 12 2015, supplemented with manual screening for observational studies assessing the association between alcohol intake and cardiovascular events in the following hours and days. We calculated pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between alcohol intake and myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models to model any alcohol intake or dose-response relationships of alcohol intake and cardiovascular events. Results: Among 1056 citations and 37 full-text articles reviewed, 23 studies (29457 participants) were included. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with an acutely higher cardiovascular risk that was attenuated after 24 hours and even protective for MI and HS (≈2-4 drinks: RR=30% lower risk), and protective against IS within one week (≈6 drinks: RR=19% lower risk). In contrast, heavy alcohol drinking was associated with higher cardiovascular risk in the following day (≈6-9 drinks: RR=1.3-2.3) and week (≈19-30 drinks: RR=2.25-6.2). Conclusions: In conclusion, there appears to be a consistent finding of an acutely higher cardiovascular risk following any alcohol consumption but by 24 hours, only heavy alcohol intake conferred continued risk.

scholarly journals Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption and mortality in the physicians’ health study enrollment cohort

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Michael Gaziano ◽  
Thomas A. Gaziano ◽  
Robert J. Glynn ◽  
Howard D. Sesso ◽  
Umed A. Ajani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Study Enrollment

Abstract P420: Alcohol Consumption and Longitudinal Changes in Magnetic Resonance Imaging-defined Brain Abnormalities: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Costanzo ◽  
Traci M Bartz ◽  
Giovanni de Gaetano ◽  
Augusto F Di Castelnuovo ◽  
Licia Iacoviello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Total Brain

Introduction: Alcohol intake has been related with a complex group of associations with brain structure in cross-sectional analyses, but to our knowledge, its prospective relationship with structural brain abnormalities detected by MRI has never been reported. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that consumers of 1-<7 drinks/week would have slower progression of leukoaraiosis (white matter abnormalities) but more rapid progression of brain atrophy than longer-term abstainers. Methods: As part of the Cardiovascular Health Study, 1 996 adults aged ≥65 years underwent MRI scanning in 1991-94 and again in 1997-99, having excluded 120 participants with a history of cerebrovascular disease before the initial scan. Alcohol consumption was assessed at each annual visit by self-reported intake of wine, beer and liquor. A 10-point white matter grade (WMG) and ventricular grade (VG) were assessed in a standardized and blinded manner in both scans; hippocampal and total brain volumes were also quantified on the second scan. We estimated the associations of alcohol intake in categories (as reported closest to the date of initial scan), with MRI findings at follow-up with multinomial ordered logistic regression (WMG ≤ 3 ref and ≥ 4; VG ≤ 3 ref , =4 and ≥5) using inverse probability weighting to account for attrition. Results: We observed a U-shaped association with WMG, with significantly lower risk among participants consuming 1-<7 drinks/week (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.17-0.82, table) than long-term abstainers (P quadtrend = 0.01). For VG, the association was inverse (P trend = 0.06), with significantly less progression among drinkers of 1-<7 drinks/week than long-term abstainers (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.40-0.97). We identified no significant associations of alcohol intake with quantitative mean hippocampal or total brain volumes at the second scan. Conclusions: Compared with long-term abstention, consumption of 1-<7 drinks/week of alcohol was generally associated with less progression of leukoaraiosis and some measures of brain atrophy in older adults.

scholarly journals The Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes Following Weight Loss in Premenopausal Women with Obesity: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5302
Author(s):  
John W. Apolzan ◽  
Robbie A. Beyl ◽  
Corby K. Martin ◽  
Frank L. Greenway ◽  
Ursula White
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes

Alcohol (i.e., ethanol) is consumed regularly by much of the adult population; yet, the health effects associated with its use are not well-characterized. Clinical interventions to investigate the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on metabolic outcomes, including adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors, are limited and have yielded conflicting data. In addition, no study has reported the effects of routine alcohol intake during weight loss in a controlled feeding trial. We present the first randomized controlled pilot trial to investigate the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on metabolic outcomes during weight loss in women with obesity. Both groups consumed 30% energy restricted diets and were randomized to either an ethanol-free control (CTL) group or a group (EtOH) that consumed 35 g ethanol daily for eight weeks. Our findings demonstrate that, despite similar weight loss, the decrease in mean arterial pressure was attenuated in the EtOH group, relative to the CTL group (p = 0.02). In addition, decreases in other outcomes, including visceral adipose tissue (p = 0.23), circulating lipids (triglycerides (p = 0.11) and cholesterol (p = 0.11)), and uric acid (p = 0.07) tended to be attenuated with alcohol consumption. These pilot data provide potential evidence that moderate alcohol consumption may mitigate the beneficial effects of weight loss and support the need for larger Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) to better investigate the metabolic effects of moderate alcohol intake in humans.

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