Abstract P156: Assessing the Effect of the Heart of New Ulm Project: a Population-Based Program to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbey C Sidebottom ◽  
Arthur Sillah ◽  
David M Vock ◽  
Michael M Miedema ◽  
Raquel Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health System ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Matched Control Population

Background: Despite a highly recognized priority for public health and healthcare to implement population-level strategies to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD), limited evidence exists on the most effective strategies. Data collection and evaluation of large scale, community based-prevention programs can be challenging and costly to achieve. The Heart of New Ulm (HONU) Project, begun in 2009, is a population-based initiative with healthcare, community, and workplace interventions addressing multiple levels of the social-ecological model designed to reduce modifiable CVD risk factors in rural New Ulm, MN. The community is served by one health system, enabling the use of electronic health record (EHR) data for surveillance. Objective: To assess trends for CVD risk factors, events, and healthcare utilization for New Ulm residents compared to a matched control population. Methods: We matched New Ulm residents (n = 4,077) with controls (n = 4,077) from a regional community served by the same health system using refined covariate balance techniques to match on baseline demographics, CVD risk factors, and health care utilization. Mixed effects longitudinal models with adjustment for age and gender, and an interaction for time by community, were run. Model based estimates were constructed for the entire cohort at each time period. Results: Over the first 6 years of the HONU Project,blood pressure, LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were managed better in New Ulm than the matched comparison community. The proportion of New Ulm residents with controlled blood pressure increased by 6.2 percentage points while the control group increased by 2 points. 10-year ASCVD risk scores showed less decline for New Ulm residents than controls (16 vs. 18.4). The intervention and control groups did not differ with regard to inpatient stays, CVD events, smoking, or glucose. Conclusions: Compared to a matched control population, we found improved control of CVD risk factors in the New Ulm Population exposed to the HONU Project.

scholarly journals Geographical profiles of cardiovascular risk and the risk factors in China: data from a nationwide population-based screening project

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Q Wu ◽  
X Li ◽  
J.P Lu ◽  
B.W Chen ◽  
Y.C Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Food Factor ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Activity Factor

Abstract Background In China, an abundance of cardiovascular risk factors has contributed to the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which caused almost 4 million deaths per year. However, comprehensive evidence on the geographical profiles of cardiovascular disease risk in China is lacking, as findings in prior studies have been limited to relatively small sample sizes, had incomplete regional coverage, or focused on a narrow risk factor spectrum. Purpose To compare the population CVD risk among different regions across China, and to describe the geographical distributions of CVD risk factors and their clusters throughout the nation. Methods In a nationwide population-based screening project covering 252 counties of China, standardized measurements were conducted to collect information on 12 major CVD risk factors. Individuals of high CVD risk were identified as those with previous CVD, or with a predicted 10-year risk of CVD greater than 10% according to the WHO risk prediction charts. We applied factor analysis to generate “clusters” that characterized the clustering of these risk factors, then explored their relationship with the local ambient temperature and per capital GDP. Results Among 983476 participants included, 9.2% were of high CVD risk, with a range of 1.6% to 23.6% across counties. Among the seven regions in China, the rate was relatively high in the Northeast (11.8%) and North China (10.4%), while low in the South China (7.2%) and Northwest (7.8%). We identified 6 clusters underlying CVD risk factors, including Obesity factor, Blood pressure factor, Staple food factor, Non-staple food factor, Smoking and alcohol factor, and Metabolic and physical activity factor (Figure). We found high risk regions were facing different leading challenges, like obesity and blood pressure for the North China, while unhealthy non-staple food for the Northeast. The South China, as the region with the lowest CVD risk, still had the highest prevalence of unhealthy staple food. Lower annual average ambient temperature was associated with higher risk in Blood pressure factor, Obesity factor and Non-staple food factor, but lower risk in Staple food factor and Metabolic and physical activity factor (p<0.001 for all), consistently between rural and urban. Higher per capital GDP was associated with lower risk in Non-staple food factor in urban and higher risk in Metabolic and physical activity factor in rural (p<0.05 for both). The correlation between per capital GDP and Smoking and alcohol factor differed significantly between in rural and urban regions (p=0.042). Conclusions The geographical profile of CVD risk in China is complex - population risk levels varied substantially across regions, which were contributed by different risk factors. China needs geographically targeted intervention strategies considering environmental and socio-economic factors to control CVD risk and reduce the burden related to CVD. Geographical disparity of risk clusters Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The National Key Research and Development Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China; the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Science

scholarly journals Effects of a Paleolithic Diet on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ghaedi ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadi ◽  
Hamed Mohammadi ◽  
Nahid Ramezani-Jolfaie ◽  
Janmohamad Malekzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Paleolithic Diet ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Randomized Controlled

ABSTRACTThere is some evidence supporting the beneficial effects of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This diet advises consuming lean meat, fish, vegetables, fruits, and nuts and avoiding intake of grains, dairy products, processed foods, and added sugar and salt. This study was performed to assess the effects of a PD on CVD risk factors including anthropometric indexes, lipid profile, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers using data from randomized controlled trials. A comprehensive search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases up to August 2018. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to estimate the pooled effect size. Meta-analysis of 8 eligible studies revealed that a PD significantly reduced body weight [weighted mean difference (WMD) = −1.68 kg; 95% CI: −2.86, −0.49 kg], waist circumference (WMD = −2.72 cm; 95% CI: −4.04, −1.40 cm), BMI (in kg/m2) (WMD = −1.54; 95% CI: −2.22, −0.87), body fat percentage (WMD = −1.31%; 95% CI: −2.06%, −0.57%), systolic (WMD = −4.75 mm Hg; 95% CI: −7.54, −1.96 mm Hg) and diastolic (WMD = −3.23 mm Hg; 95% CI: −4.77, −1.69 mm Hg) blood pressure, and circulating concentrations of total cholesterol (WMD = −0.23 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.04 mmol/L), triglycerides (WMD = −0.30 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.55, −0.06 mmol/L), LDL cholesterol (WMD = −0.13 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.26, −0.01 mmol/L), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD = −0.48 mg/L; 95% CI: −0.79, −0.16 mg/L) and also significantly increased HDL cholesterol (WMD = 0.06 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.11 mmol/L). However, sensitivity analysis revealed that the overall effects of a PD on lipid profile, systolic blood pressure, and circulating CRP concentrations were sensitive to removing some studies and to the correlation coefficients, hence the results must be interpreted with caution. Although the present meta-analysis revealed that a PD has favorable effects on CVD risk factors, the evidence is not conclusive and more well-designed trials are still needed.

scholarly journals Association between birth weight and childhood cardiovascular disease risk factors in West Virginia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Amna Umer ◽  
Candice Hamilton ◽  
Lesley Cottrell ◽  
Peter Giacobbi ◽  
Kim Innes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe reported associations between birth weight and childhood cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the relationship between birth weight and CVD risk factors at 11 years of age. This study used longitudinally linked data from three cross-sectional datasets (N = 22,136) in West Virginia; analysis was restricted to children born full-term (N = 19,583). The outcome variables included resting blood pressure [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP)] and lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, non-HDL, and triglycerides (TG)]. Multiple regression analyses were performed, adjusting for child’s body mass index (BMI), sociodemographics, and lifestyle characteristics. Unadjusted analyses showed a statistically significant association between birth weight and SBP, DBP, HDL, and TG. When adjusted for the child’s BMI, the association between birth weight and HDL [b = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.18) mg/dl per 1000 g increase] and between birth weight and TG [b = –0.007 (–0.008, –0.005) mg/dl per 1000 g increase] remained statistically significant. In the fully adjusted model, low birth weight was associated with higher LDL, non-HDL, and TGs, and lower HDL levels. The child’s current BMI at 11 years of age partially (for HDL, non-HDL, and TG) and fully mediated (for SBP and DBP) the relationship between birth weight and select CVD risk factors. While effects were modest, these risk factors may persist and amplify with age, leading to potentially unfavorable consequences in later adulthood.

scholarly journals Understanding the Relationship between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Staff of an University in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myat Su Bo ◽  
Whye Lian Cheah ◽  
Soe Lwin ◽  
Tin Moe Nwe ◽  
Than Than Win ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Atherogenic Index Of Plasma

Background. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was found to be one of the strongest markers in predicting the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study was to determine the AIP and its relationship with other CVD risk factors. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was done among 349 staff of a public university in Sarawak. Data were collected using questionnaire, blood sampling, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurement. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results. A total of 349 respondents participated with majority females (66.8%), aged 38.5 ± 7.82 years. Nearly 80% of the respondents were overweight and obese, 87.1% with high and very high body fat, and 46.9% with abnormal visceral fat. For AIP category, 8.9% were found to be in intermediate and 16.4% were at high risk. Elevated lipid profile showed that total cholesterol (TC) is 15.5%, low density lipoprotein (LDL) is 16.1%, and triglyceride (TG) is 10.6%. AIP was significantly correlated with body mass index (r=0.25), visceral fat (r=0.37), TC (r=0.22), LDL (0.24), HDL (r=−0.72), TG (r=0.84), glucose (r=0.32), systolic blood pressure (r=0.22), and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.28). Conclusion. It indicated that AIP is associated with other CVD risk factors. Modification of lifestyle is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease risk factors and blood pressure response during exercise in healthy children and adolescents: The European Youth Heart Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels C. Møller ◽  
Anders Grøntved ◽  
Niels Wedderkopp ◽  
Mathias Ried-Larsen ◽  
Peter L. Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Raised blood pressure (BP) response during exercise independently predicts future hypertension. Subjects with higher BP in childhood also have elevated BP later in life. Therefore, the factors related to the regulation of exercise BP in children needs to be well understood. We hypothesized that physiological cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors would influence BP response during exercise in children and adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study of 439 Danish third-grade children and 364 ninth-grade adolescents. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured with sphygmomanometer during a maximal aerobic fitness test. Examined CVD risk factors were high-density lipoprotein (HDL)- and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride, homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and aerobic fitness. A random effect model was used to test the hypotheses. In boys, HOMA-IR score and BMI were positively related to SBP response during exercise (β = 1.03, P = 0.001, and β = 0.58, P = 0.017, respectively). The effects sizes of HOMA-IR score and BMI and the significance levels only changed slightly (β = 0.91, P = 0.004, and β = 0.43, P = 0.08, respectively) when the two variables were added in the same model. A significant positive association was observed between aerobic fitness and SBP response in girls (β = 3.13 and P = 0.002). HOMA-IR score and BMI were found to be positively related to the SBP response in male children and youth. At least partly, adiposity and insulin sensitivity seem to influence exercise SBP through different mechanisms. The positive relationship observed between aerobic fitness and SBP response in girls remains unexplainable for us, although post hoc analyses revealed that it was the case in the ninth graders only.

scholarly journals Comparison of Muscular Endurance and Hypertrophy Resistance Training on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Sedentary Male Smokers

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Stuwart Shaw ◽  
Stacey Turner ◽  
Ina Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) exemplifies a major medical problem as it is the most considerable cause of morbidity and mortality. While sport conditioning specialists understand and differentiate the different benefits of resistance training (RT) subtypes on athletic performance, this distinction is less clear for health professionals when designing CVD risk reduction programs. Objectives: This study attempted to investigate and compare the effects of hypertrophy and muscular endurance RT on CVD risk in sedentary males. Methods: Sedentary male smokers were randomly assigned to either an eight-week hypertrophy RT group (HTG) (n = 15), muscular endurance RT groups (METG) (n = 15), or a non-exercising control group (CON) (n = 15) to assess their impact on smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) variables associated with the four most prominent CVD risk factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS-25 software using a paired sample t-test and ANOVA. Results: Significant (P ≤ 0.05) improvements were found in three of the 15 measured variables in the HTG (resting mean arterial pressure (RMAP) (P = 0.024); total cholesterol (TC): HDL-C ratio (P = 0.009), and HDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ratio (P = 0.038), with a deleterious decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.027). In turn, significant improvements were found in the METG in 10 of the 15 measured variables, namely; cigarettes smoked per day (P = 0.037), resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP) (P = 0.002), resting diastolic blood pressure (RDBP) (P = 0.006), RMAP (P = 0.000), TC (P = 0.010), triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.010), LDL-C (P = 0.007), HDL-C: LDL-C (P = 0.018), non-HDL-C (n-HDL-C) (P = 0.010), and VO2max (P = 0.001), and a deleterious decrease in HDL-C (P = 0.026). Conclusions: While the oversimplification of RT design for CVD reduction has resulted in cardio-centric CVD training programs, this study demonstrates that some subtypes of RT (i.e. muscular endurance training) may prove more useful than others in reducing multiple CVD risk factors simultaneously.

Abstract 14919: Short Adult Stature is an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Subclinical Vascular Changes in a Larger Population Based Sample

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Thanikachalam ◽  
Vijaykumar Harivanzan ◽  
Jahnavi Sunderarajan ◽  
Jeffrey Griffiths ◽  
Sadagopan Thanikachalam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Adult Stature

Background: Studies have demonstrated strong association between short adult stature (a marker of adverse nutritional and sanitary environment in early years) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The reasons for this association are not understood although early childhood epigenetic programming has been invoked. Here we analyze the association between adult height and CVD risk factors and subclinical vascular changes in a Southeast Asian population that has experienced rapid income growth with increasing prevalence of CVD over the last decade. Methods: In a population-based study of 8,080 South Indians (mean age 42 years; 58% women), assessments included blood pressure, socioeconomic (SE) and physical activity (PA) status, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glucose tolerance test, carotid intimal medial thickness (IMT), arterial stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and endothelial function by brachial artery flow mediated dilatation (FMD). Results: The prevalence of CVD risk factors and values of subclinical vascular parameters by height quartile is shown in the Table. After adjustments for age, weight, SE and PA status and smoking, in comparison to highest height quartile the odds ratio (95% CI) for diabetes, hypertension and elevated levels of TG (≥ 150 mg/dl) and TC (≥ 200 mg/dl) in the lowest height quartile was 1.3 (0.97, 1.6), 1.7 (1.4 - 2.2), 1.4 (1.1, 1.8), 1.5 (1.2, 1.9) in women and 2.01 (1.5, 2.7), 1.9 (1.5, 2.5), 1.5 (1.2, 1.9), 1.9 (1.5, 2.5) in men, respectively. In multi-linear regression models that included both genders, height was independently correlated with FMD (β= 0.31, p <0.01), IMT (β= 0.06, p <0.01) and PWV (β= -0.06, p <0.01). Conclusion: Adult Stature is an independent predictor of CVD risk factors and subclinical vascular changes. Adverse environment in early years may be one of the contributing factors to the increasing prevalence of CVD in the Southeast Asian adult population.

Abstract P145: Association Between Birth Weight and Childhood and Maternal Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Full Term Birth Infants

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Umer ◽  
Candice Hamilton ◽  
Cris Britton ◽  
Lesley Cottrell ◽  
Peter Giacobbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Adjusted Analysis

Introduction: Reported associations between birth weight (BTW) and childhood cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been inconsistent. The relationship between infants’ BTW and later maternal CVD is also a more recent and active area of research. We aimed to examine the association between BTW and subsequent childhood and maternal CVD risk factors 11 years post-partum. Methods: The study used longitudinally linked data from three cross-sectional datasets in West Virginia (N=19,583). The outcome variables included blood pressure for children and lipid levels for both mothers and children. The exposure was BTW of the infants born full-term. The role of the child’s current body mass index (BMI) was assessed as a potential mediator. Results: Unadjusted analyses showed a positive association between BTW and the child’s systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and a negative association with triglycerides (TGs). When adjusted for the child’s BMI, the association became non-significant for SBP and DBP but remained significant for HDL [β= 0.14 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.11, 0.18) per1000g increase in BTW] and TGs [β= -0.007 mg/dL (-0.008, -0.005) per 1000g increase in BTW]. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and non-HDL became significant and negatively associated with BTW in the adjusted analysis [LDL (β = -0.1 mg/dL (-0.19, - 0.16) per 1000 g increase in BTW; non-HDL (b = - 0.18 mg/dL (-0.28, -0.09) per 1000 g increase in BTW]. There was a positive association between infant’s birth weight and maternal total cholesterol (TC) levels, which became non-significant in the adjusted analysis [β = 0.4 (95% CI: -0.01, 0.90) mg/dL per1000g increase in birth weight]. None of the other maternal lipids levels (LDL, HDL, and TG) were significant in the unadjusted or the adjusted analysis. Conclusion: Low BTW was associated with higher LDL, non-HDL, and TGs, and lower HDL levels in fifth grade children independent of the current weight status. As childhood CVD risk factors persist and are often amplified over time, these small effect sizes can have potential unfavorable consequences on lipid levels in later adulthood.

Abstract P337: Lifetime Burden of Traditional Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Incidence of Cancer: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander C Razavi ◽  
Tanika N Kelly ◽  
Jiang He ◽  
Camilo Fernandez ◽  
Tekada Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Bogalusa Heart Study ◽  
Incidence Of Cancer ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Heart Study

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer remain the leading causes of death globally. While these diseases have traditionally been regarded as separate entities, recent evidence points towards shared biological pathways, underlying a need to study CVD and cancer conjointly. We examined the association between CVD risk factors and the incidence of cancer over the life course in a biracial community-based cohort. Methods: The analysis included 1,368 participants of the Bogalusa Heart Study who had at least 3 measurements of CVD risk factors throughout life (57.6% women, 32.8% black, baseline age=10.5 + 3.6 years, median follow-up=38.2 years). CVD risk factors assessed included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, LDL-C, HDL-C, plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, and body mass index (BMI). Cancer cases were ascertained via the Louisiana Tumor Registry. Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the association between CVD risk factors and cancer incidence, adjusting for race, sex, smoking, and blood pressure-, lipid-, and glucose-lowering medications. Results: There were 88 incident cases of cancer, with breast (22.7%), cervical (11.4%), and prostate (9.1%) being the most highly represented cancers. BMI (kg/m 2 ) had the most robust association with incident cancer (HR=5.83, 95% CI: 2.24, 15.19; p=3.0x10 -4 ). We observed a strong association between annualized change in blood pressure per mmHg and hazard of all cancers (for systolic, HR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.50, 3.35; p<0.0001 and diastolic, HR=4.86, 95% CI: 2.86, 8.27; p<0.0001). Race and sex significantly modified the relationship of incident cancer with lipids and blood pressure, respectively ( Figure ). Conclusion: Subclinical increases in adiposity and blood pressure associate with an increased cancer risk, while HDL-C inversely associates with cancer risk, more consistently in women versus men and in blacks versus whites. Control of CVD risk factors beginning in childhood may lead to improved overall cancer prevention in the general population.

Changes in Weight and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Monozygotic Twins: The Healthy Twin Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Mi Song ◽  
Kayoung Lee ◽  
Joohon Sung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Environmental Correlations

We aimed to assess the non-genetic contribution to the associations between the change in weight and changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This analysis included 194 Korean monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs (116 men, 272 women; mean age, 38.5 ± 6.8 years) who were first examined for weight and CVD risk factors (blood pressure (BP), glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)) between December 2005 and December 2008, and returned for a repeat examination after 2.7 ± 0.9 years. The within-pair correlations were 0.21 for the change in weight and 0.05-0.42 for the changes in CVD risk factors. Bivariate analyses showed significant environmental correlations shared between the change in weight and the changes in CVD risk factors (p < .05), except for glucose, while there were no significant genetic effects shared between the phenotypes. After adjusting for baseline values of weight, smoking, and alcohol consumption, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), TG, TC, and LDL significantly increased by 1.6 mmHg, 0.09 mmol/L, 0.10 mmol/L, and 0.09 mmol/L, respectively, per 1 kg increase in within-pair differences in weight change. In Korean MZ twins, similarity between twins for changes in weight and CVD risk factors were small to moderate, and non-genetic factors were responsible for the associations between the change in weight and changes in DBP, TG, TC, and LDL.

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