Psychometric properties of the reduced version of the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait in Farsi

Background: It has been shown that food craving contribute to the development of weight and food-related pathologies. Thus, an accurate measurement of food craving is important for clinical and research purposes. Aim: We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the reduced version of the Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T-r), an internationally validated tool, in Farsi. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 153 students of the University of Tehran were recruited between February and March 2019. Study measures included demographic characteristics, the Farsi version of FCQ-T-r, food craving questionnaires, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS AMOS (version 21) failed to support the one-factor structure of FCQ-T-r in Farsi, so we conducted an exploratory factor analysis to investigate the factor structure of the questionnaire. Results: Exploratory factor analysis found a 3-factor structure: factor 1 “preoccupation with food”, factor 2 “lack of control over eating” and factor 3 “emotional eating” explaining 73.3% of the variance. Internal consistency of the FCQ-T-r was excellent (McDonald’s ω = 0.950). The FCQ-T-r scores were correlated with body mass index, DASS-21, and WHOQOL-BREF values, which supports concurrent validity of the tool. Conclusion: The Farsi version of FCQ-T-r is a reliable and valid self-administrated tool to measure food craving traits among Iranian university students. Given the unstable factor structure of the questionnaire in different studies, further research to explore the factor structure of the tool is warranted.

A Qualitative and Comprehensive Analysis of Caries Susceptibility for Dental Fluorosis Patients

Dental fluorosis (DF) is an endemic disease caused by excessive fluoride exposure during childhood. Previous studies mainly focused on the acid resistance of fluorotic enamel and failed to reach a consensus on the topic of the caries susceptibility of DF patients. In this review, we discuss the role of DF classification in assessing this susceptibility and follow the “four factors theory” in weighing the pros and cons of DF classification in terms of host factor (dental enamel and saliva), food factor, bacteria factor, and DF treatment factor. From our analysis, we find that susceptibility is possibly determined by various factors such as the extent of structural and chemical changes in fluorotic enamel, eating habits, fluoride levels in diets and in the oral cavity, changes in quantity and quality of saliva, and/or oral hygiene. Thus, a universal conclusion regarding caries susceptibility might not exist, instead depending on each individual’s situation.

Observational study on dietary patterns in pregnancy

Pregnancy nutrition influences the short-term maternal and fetal prognosis, but also the state of health in the future, an inadequate diet being associated with the risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. The purpose of the study is to characterize the diet of a group of pregnant women in Iasi county in terms of macronutrient intake, but also food patterns. Material and methods. An observational study was performed on a sample of 400 pregnant women which consisted in the application of a validated food frequency questionnaire. The foods consumed were grouped into categories: meat, eggs, fish, milk and dairy products, bread and cereals, vegetables, fruits, soups, seeds and oilseeds, sweets and fast food. Factor analysis (main component analysis method) was used for the analysis of food patterns. Results. The average energy intake in the studied group was 2197 kcal/day (95% CI: 2139.57-2255.74). The intake of macronutrients during pregnancy was 86.01 g protein (95% CI: 83.64-88.39), 76.97 g lipids (95% CI: 74.59-79.35) and 297.12 g carbohydrate (95% Cl: 287.86-306.38). We identified 3 dietary patterns that explained 43.01% of the variation of consumption behaviour: healthy consumption, consisting of a diet rich in soups, fruits, eggs and vegetables; traditional consumption, which has high consumption values for bread, dairy, meat, fat and unhealthy consumption rich in the intake of sweets, fast food and seeds. Conclusions. The identified food patterns draw attention to the existence of a category at risk of developing pathology related to inadequate nutrition in pregnancy.

Tourist Perceptions on Brand Equity for Authentic Product: Specific Case of Traditional Culinary in Karawang, West Java

The research is aimed to obtain a comprehensive description of brand equity of authentic-culinary product which is (roasted fish wrapped in a banana leaf) that is mostly found in Karawang as the original culinary food. The samples of this research are the visitors of tourism destinations in Karawang who come to traditional restaurants serving the traditional food. Factor analysis is used as data analysis technique to find determinant factors of this research object. In overall, brand equity of traditional culinary food has better level compared to its awareness and loyalty level. As a matter of fact, the customer trust of traditional restaurant is still in unpromising level. In other hands, all of the brand equity dimensions have significant causality level in creating brand equity. Image and trust become strong and significant dimensions in making loyalty.

Validity and Usage of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) in a French Population of Patients with Depression, Bipolar Disorders and Controls

The Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), by Rosenthal et al. (1984), is by far the most used questionnaire to evaluate seasonal effects on mood and behavior. It includes a general seasonality score (GSS), composed of 6 items, from which cutoffs have been established to screen for seasonal affective disorder (SAD). However, it has never been validated in French and associations with circadian rhythm and symptoms of depression and bipolarity remain unclear. In this study, including 165 subjects (95 controls and 70 patients with depression or bipolar disorder), we confirmed the validity of the French version of the SPAQ, with a two-factor structure (a psychological factor: energy, mood, social activity and sleep length; and a food factor: weight and appetite) and a good fit was observed by all indicators. Mood and social activity dimensions were significantly affected by seasons in the depressed/bipolar group and a stronger global seasonality score (GSS) was associated with more severe phenotypes of depression and mania. Subjects meeting SAD and subsyndromal-SAD criteria also showed a delayed circadian rhythm compared to controls. Simple tools, such as the SPAQ, can aid the identification of significant seasonal changes and have direct implications on therapeutics including the use of bright light therapy in order to enhance personalized treatments, but also to prevent adverse seasonal effects.

Distribution of inhaled volatile β-caryophyllene and dynamic changes of liver metabolites in mice

Abstractβ-caryophyllene (BCP), an essential oil component of many herbs and spices, has various biological activities as a functional food factor. A distinct feature of BCP is its volatile double-ring sesquiterpene structure. Orally administered BCP is reportedly detected in its intact form in mice serum; however, the distribution of inhaled volatile BCP throughout the body remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the distribution properties of inhaled volatile BCP and to investigate its effects on metabolism. After mice were exposed to volatile BCP, it was detected in the lung, olfactory bulb, brain, serum, heart, liver, kidney, epididymal fat, and brown adipose tissue. BCP was further detected in the brain, liver, and brown adipose tissue 24 h after exposure. Metabolites related to glutathione metabolism were significantly altered in the liver. These results suggest that inhaled volatile BCP is widely distributed in murine tissues and affects the dynamics of metabolites in the liver.

Higiene sanitasi makanan dan analisis nomor P-IRT pada kerupuk berwarna merah (Studi pasar Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang)

Food sanitation hygiene has been done to control food factor, people, place and tools in order to prevent cross contamination between food and eater. Household food industry must possess household food industry certificate or SPP-IRT to aid supervision by involved parties. The aim of this research was to discover food sanitation hygiene and analysis P-IRT number on red-coloring crackers at Kepanjen Market in Malang. Thisresearch is descriptive research with observation and interview methods to cracker industry workers and there were 12 kinds of red-coloring crackers distributed around Kepanjen Market. The research used univariant analysis to describe variable of those which were observed. This research it was found that there were three stages in cracker making process, Food sanitation hygiene, and P-IRT number on red-coloring crackers. From this research there were 3 of respondents around < 40 years old, all respondents in secondary education, and 2respondents had < 3 years of working period. The application of food hygiene and sanitation of cracker industry in Malang Regency was categorized as relatively good. There were 7 red-coloring crackers traded at Kepanjen Market were qualified as what had been standardized by BPOM number 22 year 2020. Meanwhile, there were 4 products were not updated and 1 product was not qualified.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SIMPLISIA JANTUNG PISANG KEPOK TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM DI PBM NURHAYATI DAN KLINIK PRATAMA NINING PELAWATI KEC. LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2020

Banana blossom is a food that has many benefits and is easily obtained by the community because it can be easily planted in the yard of the house. Banana blossom processing in the community can be done by boiling and steaming. Banana blossom also contains protein, minerals (especially phosphorus, calcium and iron) and a number of vitamins A, B1 and C. There are many reasons for mothers do not give exclusive breastfeeding to their babies. However, what is most often found is insufficient breast milk. There are several factors that influence milk production, one of which is the food factor. One of the efforts to increase breastmilk production that will be carried out is by giving Kepok Banana blossom Simplicia. This study aims to determine the effect of Kepok banana blossom simplicia on increasing breast milk production in postpartum mothers at Nurhayati and Nining Pelawati Midwifery Pratama Clinic, Lubuk Pakam sub district in 2019. This type of research was a Quasi Experiment with a Non Equivalent Control Group design and purposive sampling. Samples were normal postpartum mothers from day 7 to day 21 with parity of 1-2 and were willing to take part in the study through informed consent. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon Rank test and the Mann-Whitney test, it was obtained a p-value of 0.000 (α <0.05), which means that there was a significant effect on the simplicia of Kepok banana blossom on increasing milk production in postpartum mothers and it is expected that it can be used as an effort to increase milk production in postpartum mothers and to meet the needs of babies without having formula milk.

In vivo acute toxicity and mutagenic analysis of crude saponins from Chenopodium quinoa Willd husks

As a functional food factor, quinoa saponins are valuable as additives and in medical care, pharmaceutical development, cosmetics and other fields.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERHADAP TIMBULNYA ACNE VULGARIS (JERAWAT) PADA REMAJA DI SMAN 1 PELANGIRAN KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR TAHUN 2018

Acne vulgaris is a chronic skin disease that occurs due to chronic inflammation of pilosebasea characterized by blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules and cysts in the predilection areas that are usually in the sebaceous glands such as face, chest and upper back. in adolescent acne incidence occurs with the age range 14-17 years in women, and in men the age range 16-19 years. factors influencing the occurrence of acne vulgaris is age factor, cosmetic usage factor and food factor. The purpose of this research is to know the factors that influence on the emergence of acne vulgaris (acne) in adolescents at SMAN 1 Pelangiran Year 2018. The research design used is cross sectional, where the research is in SMAN 1 Pelangiran. Population in this research is all student of SMAN 1 Pelangiran 177 people. Sample 122 respondents. The sample in this research is taken by using cluster sampling method. Data used primary data, research instrument in the form of questionnaire. Data were analyzed univariat and bivariate. The results of the study showed that the majority were at the age of 17 years, as many as 47 people (38.5%) .The majority of students who experienced the onset of Acne Vulgaris (acne) in adolescents at SMAN 1 Pelangiran had the habit of not using as many as 83 people (68, 0%). The majority of students who experienced the onset of acne vulgaris (acne) in adolescents at SMAN 1 Pelangiran Indragiri Hilir district has a habit of consuming bad food as much as 99 people (81.1%). It is expected that students will improve their knowledge of acne causing problems and improve self-hygiene behaviors to reduce the incidence of Acne Vulgaris, and be more concerned with health with the adoption of a healthy lifestyle that helps them to have a positive body image.