Abstract 17240: A Pilot Clinical Trial to Study Racial Differences in Natriuretic Peptide Response to a High-Carbohydrate Challenge

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirav Patel ◽  
Griffin Russell ◽  
Orlando M Gutierrez ◽  
Ganesh Halade ◽  
Vasundhara Kain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
High Carbohydrate

Introduction: Human genetic studies have shown a greater risk of cardiometabolic disease with genetically lower natriuretic peptide (NP) levels. We have previously shown that blacks have lower NP levels than whites albeit in older individuals, which is partly explained by genetic factors. A high-carbohydrate challenge in young healthy whites was associated with a reduction in N-terminal pro atrial NP (NTproANP) levels, but no data exist in blacks. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that 1) the baseline differences in NP levels by race would be evident in young adults with no comorbidities; 2) blacks would have a reduction in NTproANP levels in response to high-carbohydrate challenge similar to whites but the magnitude of change would differ. Methods: Healthy self-identified blacks and whites were screened for the presence of laboratory abnormalities. Each eligible participant was provided 3 days of study diet to standardize salt intake. After the dietary intervention, subjects were brought to the clinical research unit for a high-carbohydrate challenge. Venous blood was collected every hour for 8 hours to perform biochemical assays. African ancestry proportions among self-identified blacks were also determined. Results: We recruited 56 healthy participants with a mean age of 26 years, 48% female, 54% whites, mean body mass index 26 kg/m 2 , and an average proportion of 90% African ancestry among self-identified blacks. We found that BNP levels were 24% (95% CI 53 to 6) and N-terminal-proB-type NP (NTproBNP) levels were 44% (95% CI 99 to 17) lower in blacks compared with whites. The decrease in NTproANP levels in response to carbohydrate challenge differed by race (p for interaction=0.03). In response to a carbohydrate challenge, blacks had a 24% reduction in the NTproANP levels (p=0.01) vs. a 47% decrease in the NTproANP in whites (p<0.001) ( Figure, Panel A ), with no change in NTproBNP levels in both races ( Figure, Panel B ). Conclusions: Blacks have an endogenously suppressed NP system which may be a biologic determinant contributing to racial disparities in cardiometabolic disease. We have shown that high-carbohydrate diet has a differential effect on NP system by race which needs to be considered while individualizing strategies for disease prevention. ( NCT# 03072602 ).

Role of Nut Consumption in the Management of Cognitive Decline - A Mini-Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 877-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanka Klimova ◽  
Kamil Kuca ◽  
Martin Valis ◽  
Jakub Hort
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Review Study

Background: Currently, there is a significant increase in the number of older generation groups, which may result in serious economic and social issues. Therefore, there is a need to prolong the active life of these older individuals, especially by focusing on modifying lifestyle factors such as healthy nutrition. In fact, recent research has shown that, for example, nuts are an important part of people’s healthy diet because they have appeared to be neuroprotective compounds which might maintain or in some cases even improve people’s cognitive functions. Objective: The purpose of this review study is to explore the role of the nut nutrition in the maintenance and delay of cognitive decline among older individuals. Results: The findings indicate that the nut consumption may contribute to the delay of cognitive decline in aging. However, this nut diet is just one component of the multi-nutrient dietary intervention for health aging. Conclusion: More longitudinal controlled randomized studies have to be performed in this field to prove the efficacy of the nut nutrition for the delay of cognitive decline.

Effect of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate dietary intervention on change in mammographic density over menopause

2008 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa J. Martin ◽  
Carolyn V. Greenberg ◽  
Valentina Kriukov ◽  
Salomon Minkin ◽  
David J. A. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammographic Density ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate

scholarly journals N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and microsize myocardial infarction risk in the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeline R. Sterling ◽  
Raegan W. Durant ◽  
Joanna Bryan ◽  
Emily B. Levitan ◽  
Todd M. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Stroke Study

Abstract MP02: N-Terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide and Risk of Stroke in Those With and Without Cerebrovascular Disease: The REGARDS Cohort

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Landry ◽  
Suzanne Judd ◽  
Dawn Kleindorfer ◽  
George Howard ◽  
Virginia Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Stroke Recurrence ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
Prior Stroke

Background: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), a commonly used marker of cardiac function, is associated with presence of stroke symptoms and is a strong risk factor for future atrial fibrillation, stroke and mortality. Little data are available on the association between NT-pro-BNP levels and stroke recurrence. Objective: We studied the relationship between NT-proBNP with the risk of future ischemic stroke across a spectrum of pre-existing cerebrovascular conditions, ranging from history of stroke symptoms, to prior transient ischemic attack (TIA), to prior stroke. Methods: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort enrolled 30 239 black and white Americans age 45 years and older in 2003-14. Among a case-cohort study sample including 1109 stroke cases and a 4311-person cohort random sample, we calculated hazard ratios of future ischemic stroke by baseline NT-proBNP stratified by presence of prior cerebrovascular conditions. Results: In the cohort sample, there were 3056 participants without any history of cerebrovascular disease, 738 with prior stroke symptoms, 196 with history of TIA and 338 with history of prior stroke. In a fully adjusted model, elevated NT-proBNP was associated with risk of stroke in participants without a pre-existing cerebrovascular condition (HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.84, 2.94), and in participants with a history of stroke symptoms (HR 1.67 95% CI 1.01, 2.78) or TIA (HR 2.66, 95% CI 1.00, 7.04), but not among those with prior stroke (HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.71, 2.21). Conclusions: These findings further support the potential for NT-proBNP testing to identify patients who are at highest risk for future stroke, although not in those with prior stroke.

scholarly journals Do N-Terminal Pro-C-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels Relate to Severity of Preeclampsia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dogan Vatansever ◽  
Pınar Vatansever ◽  
Burak Giray ◽  
A. Aktug Ertekin ◽  
Serpil Bilsel
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Women Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mild Preeclampsia ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Circulating Levels

Aim. To compare the plasma N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide concentrations of normotensive pregnant women, patients with mild preeclampsia, and patients with severe preeclampsia. Methods. We collected venous blood samples from 25 normotensive pregnant women, 15 patients with mild preeclampsia, and 15 patients with severe preeclampsia. The women were at 30th to 40th weeks of gestation and in an age range of 20 to 35. The N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide levels were measured by ELISA. Statistical comparisons were made by one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results. The median (interquartile range-IQR) values of the N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide were 6.48 (3.33) pmol/L in the normotensive women group, 7.37 (3.43) pmol/L in patients with mild preeclampsia, and 11.52 (6.13) pmol/L in patients with severe preeclampsia. The N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide was significantly elevated in the severe preeclampsia study group (P<0.001), whereas there was no significant difference between those with mild preeclampsia and the normotensive groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. Our data indicate that the plasma concentration of the N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide is significantly increased in patients with severe preeclampsia, but not in patients with mild preeclampsia. The severity of preeclampsia may be related to the circulating levels of the N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide concentrations.

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide: Regulator of Chronic Arterial Blood Pressure

Physiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gabriel Melo ◽  
Stephen C. Pang ◽  
Uwe Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Gene Knockout Mouse ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Recent findings in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) transgenic and gene knockout mouse models uncovered a tonic vasodilatory effect of this hormone that contributes to chronic blood pressure homeostasis. With elevated salt intake, ANP-mediated antagonism of the renin-angiotensin system is essential for blood pressure constancy, suggesting that a deficiency in ANP activity may underlie the etiology of sodium-retaining disorders.

Different Responses of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Secretion and Its Receptor Density to Salt Intake in Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 229 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Sun Lee ◽  
So Young Kim ◽  
Jeong Hee Han ◽  
Yun Ah Kim ◽  
Chunhua Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Receptor Density ◽  
Peptide Secretion ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

scholarly journals The effects of a low-sodium base-producing diet including red meat compared with a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on bone turnover markers in women aged 45–75 years

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryl A. Nowson ◽  
Annabelle Patchett ◽  
Naiyana Wattanapenpaiboon
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Type I ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Type I Procollagen ◽  
Acid Load

A randomised, parallel-design dietary intervention study was conducted in women (aged 45–75 years) with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension. The aim was to compare the effects on bone turnover of a low-Na base-producing (LNAB) Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-type diet (including six serves lean red meat/week) with a high-carbohydrate low-fat (HCLF) diet with a higher acid load (both >800 mg dietary Ca/d). Fasting serum bone markers (baseline and week 14) and 24 h urinary electrolyte excretion (baseline, weeks 4, 8, 12 and 14) were measured. After the intervention period, the LNAB group (n 46) had a fall of 26 (sem 6) % (P < 0·0001) in urinary Na, an increase in K excretion (6·8 (sem 3·6) mmol/d; P = 0·07) and, compared with the HCLF group (n 49), a greater reduction in urinary Ca excretion by 0·7 (sem 0·3) mmol/d. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, intact parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin did not change, and both groups had a similar increase of 23 (sem 5) % (P < 0·0001) in C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen. The HCLF group had an 11 (sem 4) % increase (P = 0·003) in N-terminal propeptide, type I procollagen, which could indicate an increased rate of bone turnover. The fall in urinary Ca with the lower-Na lower-acid load diet is likely to have long-term beneficial effects on bone. As bone resorption was not different between the two dietary patterns with relatively high Ca intake, the effect on bone health of a dietary pattern with a lower acid load warrants further study on a lower Ca intake.

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