Abstract 340: Analysis of Post Cardiac Arrest Recovery Services

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassim Stegamat ◽  
Jonathan Elmer ◽  
Clifton W Callaway ◽  
Ankur A Doshi

Introduction: Cardiac arrest survivors may suffer sustained functional, psychiatric and cognitive impairments . Survivors’ perspectives on outpatient services necessary for recovery are unknown. Hypothesis: Survivors rate the usefulness of certain outpatient services more highly than others. Methods: We performed a structured phone interview of patients treated from 2010 to 2018 at a single center after cardiac arrest who survived at least one year. We asked survivors or their proxies about their experiences with physician, rehabilitation and care coordination services. Survivors rated usefulness of each resource on a Likert scale (1 “not useful” to 4 “essential”) and identified the single most useful resource. Results: We interviewed 25 survivors. All received outpatient physician services (24 primary care (PCP); 19 cardiologist, 7 neurologist, and 7 other). Subjects identified PCP (12/25, 48%) and cardiologist (12/25, 48%) services most useful. Seventeen (68%) subjects received outpatient rehabilitation (13 physical therapy; 9 occupational therapy; 8 speech therapy; 8 cardiac rehab; and 1 pulmonary rehab). Subjects considered physical therapy (9/17, 53%) and cardiac rehab (6/17, 35%) most useful. Nine (36%) subjects received care coordination (5 psychological; 4 case management; 3 home nursing). Median rating of usefulness for all services was 3. Only three subjects rated either cardiologist, physical therapy or psychological services as non-useful. Conclusion: Cardiac arrest survivors may require multiple and varied outpatient services. The most beneficial services include PCP, cardiologist and physical therapy. Survivors vary in their needs, and care should be tailored to the individual.

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Włodzisław Kuliński ◽  
Katarzyna Szymczyk

Introduction: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) consists in pathological extravasation of blood to the pericerebral fluid spaces. The incidence of SAH increases with age and is reported at 2 to 23/100,000 per year. Research shows that at 6 months after stroke, hemiparesis or hemiplegia become permanent in approximately 50% of the patients, motor coordination impairment in 30%, and speech impairment in 20%. Aim: To assess a one-year-long physical therapy programme in patients after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Material and Methods: The study included a group of 29 SAH patients and assessed the following parameters and activities after one year of physical therapy: physical fitness, mobility, eating meals, using stairs, personal hygiene, getting dressed, and bladder control. Study patients underwent physical therapy and rehabilitation, which included sitting training, standing up training, gait improvement, speech therapy, PNF, NDT-Bobath, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, feedback, and physiotherapy procedures. Results: After one year of treatment, 81.2% of female patients and 100% of male patients showed a very pronounced improvement in their signs and symptoms. Conclusions: 1.Most patients who have experienced subarachnoid haemorrhage struggle with neurological defects that require long-term rehabilitation. 2. The improvements achieved in patients depend on time from stroke onset to treatment; the earlier patients started physical therapy, the faster their health improved. 3. The effectiveness of rehabilitation requires simultaneous monitoring of the existing cardiological and metabolic disorders.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Zylyftari ◽  
S.G Moller ◽  
M Wissenberg ◽  
F Folke ◽  
C.A Barcella ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Patients who suffer a sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) may be preceded by warning symptoms and healthcare system contact. Though, is currently difficult early identification of sudden cardiac arrest patients. Purpose We aimed to examine contacts with the healthcare system up to two weeks and one year before OHCA. Methods OHCA patients were identified from the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry (2001–2014). The pattern of healthcare contacts (with either general practitioner (GP) or hospital) within the year prior to OHCA of OHCA patients was compared with that of 9 sex- and age-matched controls from the background general population. Additionally, we evaluated characteristics of OHCA patients according to the type of healthcare contact (GP/hospital/both/no-contact) and the including characteristics of contacts, within two weeks prior their OHCA event. Results Out of 28,955 OHCA patients (median age of 72 (62–81) years and with 67% male) of presumed cardiac cause, 16,735 (57.8%) contacted the healthcare system (GP and hospital) within two weeks prior to OHCA. From one year before OHCA, the weekly percentages of contacts to GP were relatively constant (26%) until within 2 weeks prior to OHCA where they markedly increased (54%). In comparison, 14% of the general population contacted the GP during the same period (Figure). The weekly percentages of contacts with hospitals gradually increased in OHCA patients from 3.5% to 6.5% within 6 months, peaking at the second week (6.8%), prior to OHCA. In comparison, only 2% of the general population had a hospital contact in that period (Figure). Within 2 weeks of OHCA, patients contacted GP mainly by telephone (71.6%). Hospital diagnoses were heterogenous, where ischemic heart disease (8%) and heart failure (4.5%) were the most frequent. Conclusions There is an increase in healthcare contacts prior to “sudden” OHCA and overall, 54% of OHCA-patients had contacted GP within 2 weeks before the event. This could have implications for developing future strategies for early identification of patients prior to their cardiac arrest. Figure 1. The weekly percentages of contacts to GP (red) and hospital (blue) within one year before OHCA comparing the OHCA cases to the age- and sex-matched control population (N cases = 28,955; N controls = 260,595). Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): European Union's Horizon 2020


Author(s):  
Kalin Z. Salinas ◽  
Amanda Venta

The current study proposed to determine whether adolescent emotion regulation is predictive of the amount and type of crime committed by adolescent juvenile offenders. Despite evidence in the literature linking emotion regulation to behaviour problems and aggression across the lifespan, there is no prior longitudinal research examining the predictive role of emotion regulation on adolescent recidivism, nor data regarding how emotion regulation relates to the occurrence of specific types of crimes. Our primary hypothesis was that poor emotion regulation would positively and significantly predict re-offending among adolescents. We tested our hypothesis within a binary logistic framework utilizing the Pathways to Desistance longitudinal data. Exploratory bivariate analyses were conducted regarding emotion regulation and type of crime in the service of future hypothesis generation. Though the findings did not indicate a statistically significant relation between emotion regulation and reoffending, exploratory findings suggest that some types of crime may be more linked to emotion regulation than others. In sum, the present study aimed to examine a hypothesized relation between emotion regulation and juvenile delinquency by identifying how the individual factor of dysregulated emotion regulation may have played a role. This study’s findings did not provide evidence that emotion regulation was a significant predictor of recidivism over time but did suggest that emotion regulation is related to participation in certain types of crime one year later. Directions for future research that build upon the current study were described. Indeed, identifying emotion regulation as a predictor of adolescent crime has the potential to enhance current crime prevention efforts and clinical treatments for juvenile offenders; this is based on the large amount of treatment literature, which documents that emotion regulation is malleable through treatment and prevention programming.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389
Author(s):  
Wojciech Wieczorek ◽  
Jarosław Meyer-Szary ◽  
Milosz J. Jaguszewski ◽  
Krzysztof J. Filipiak ◽  
Maciej Cyran ◽  
...  

Cardiac arrest (CA) is associated with high mortality and poor life quality. Targeted temperature management (TTM) or therapeutic hypothermia is a therapy increasing the survival of adult patients after CA. The study aim was to assess the feasibility of therapeutic hypothermia after pediatric CA. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies evaluating the use of TTM after pediatric CA. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge or 30-day survival. Secondary outcomes included a one-year survival rate, survival with a Vineland adaptive behavior scale (VABS-II) score ≥ 70, and occurrence of adverse events. Ten articles (n = 2002 patients) were included, comparing TTM patients (n = 638) with controls (n = 1364). In a fixed-effects meta-analysis, survival to hospital discharge in the TTM group was 49.7%, which was higher than in the non-TTM group (43.5%; odds ratio, OR = 1.22; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.00, 1.50; p = 0.06). There were no differences in the one-year survival rate or the occurrence of adverse events between the TTM and non-TTM groups. Altogether, the use of TTM was associated with a higher survival to hospital discharge; however, it did not significantly increase the annual survival. Additional high-quality prospective studies are necessary to confer additional TTM benefits.


Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ericka L Fink ◽  
Patrick M Kochanek ◽  
Ashok Panigrahy ◽  
Sue R Beers ◽  
Rachel P Berger ◽  
...  

Blood-based brain injury biomarkers show promise to prognosticate outcome for children resuscitated from cardiac arrest. The objective of this multicenter, observational study was to validate promising biomarkers to accurately prognosticate outcome at 1 year. Early brain injury biomarkers will be associated with outcome at one year for children with cardiac arrest. Fourteen centers in the US enrolled children aged < 18 years with in- or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and pediatric intensive care unit admission if pre-cardiac arrest Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score was 1-3. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 (UCHL1), neurofilament light (NfL), and Tau protein concentrations were measured in samples drawn post-arrest day 1 using Quanterix Simoa 4-Plex assay. The primary outcome was unfavorable outcome at one year (Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scale < 70). Of 164 children enrolled, 120 children had evaluable data (n=50 with unfavorable outcome). Children were median (interquartile range) 1 (0-8.5) years of age, 41% female, and 60% had asphyxia etiology. Of children with unfavorable outcome, 93% had unwitnessed arrests and 43 died. While all 4 day 1 biomarkers were increased in children with unfavorable vs. favorable outcome at 1-year post-arrest, NfL had the best univariate area under the receiver operator curve to predict 1 year outcome at 0.731. In a multivariate logistic regression, NfL concentration trended toward significance on day 1 and was associated with unfavorable outcome at 1-year on days 2 and 3 (day 1: Odds Ratio [95% Confidence Interval] 1.004 [1.000-1.008], p=.062; day 2: 1.005 [1.002-1.008], p=.003, and day 3: 1.002 [1.001-1.004], p=.003, respectively). UCHL1 was associated with outcome on days 2: 1.005 [1.002-1.009], p=.003 and 3: 1.001 [1.000-1.002], p=.019) and Tau trended toward association with outcome on days 2: 1.003 [1.000-1.005], p=.08) and 3: 1.001 [1.000-1.002], p=.077. Brain injury biomarkers predict unfavorable outcome post-pediatric cardiac arrest. Accuracy of biomarkers alone and together with other prognostication tools should be evaluated to predict long term child centered outcomes post-cardiac arrest.


Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Smalcova ◽  
Katerina Rusinova ◽  
Iván Ortega-Deballon ◽  
Eva Pokorna ◽  
Ondrej Franek ◽  
...  

Introduction: In refractory cardiac arrest, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) may increase the chance of survival. However, in brain death or donation after cardiac death scenario, ECPR may also become an important organ donor source. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that 1/ the implementation of ECPR into the daily routine of a high volume cardiac arrest centre might increase the availability of organ donors, and 2/ ECPR might assure the same long-term function of donated organs as non-ECPR care. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated pre-ECPR (2007-2011) and ECPR (2012-2020) periods in terms of donors recruited from the out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest population. We assessed the number of donors referred, the number of organs harvested and their one- and five-year survival. Results: In the pre-ECPR period, 11 donors were referred, of which 7 were accepted. During the ECPR period, the number of donors increased to 80, of which 42 were accepted. The number of donated organs in respective periods were 18 and 119, corresponding to 3,6 vs 13,2 (p =0.033) organs per year harvested. One-year survival of transplanted organs was 94.4% vs 100%, and five-year survival was 94.4% vs 87,5%, in relevant periods. Survival of organs obtained from donors after CPR and ECPR at one year (98.9% vs 100%) and five years (90,2% vs 88.9%) was the same. Graft failure was not the cause of death in any single case. Conclusions: Establishing a high volume cardiac arrest/ECPR centre may lead to a higher number of potential and subsequently accepted organ donors. The length of survival of donated organs is high and comparable between ECPR vs non-ECPR cardiac arrest donors.


Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kucharska-Newton ◽  
Lloyd Chambless ◽  
Ricky Camplain ◽  
Carmen Cuthbertson ◽  
Patricia Chang ◽  
...  

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that outpatient management of patients at risk for a HF hospitalization is associated with lower mortality following an incident HF hospitalization. Methods: Patterns of outpatient visits prior to incident HF hospitalization were assessed among CMS Medicare beneficiaries with continuous fee-for-service eligibility residing during 2003-2006 in four geographic areas of CVD surveillance conducted by the ARIC Study. Incident HF hospitalization was defined as hospitalization with ICD9 code 428.x with no HF hospitalizations in preceding 2 years. Outpatient visits to primary care physicians, general internists, or cardiologists were identified from Carrier files. A comorbidity score was calculated from ICD9 codes at the time of incident HF hospitalization. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, comorbidity score, gender, and race were used to estimate mortality. Results: Mean age among beneficiaries with observed incident HF hospitalization (n=2006; 90.4% white, 45.1% male) was 79.8 years (SD 7.4). Mean comorbidity score was 3.6 (SD 1.9). Mean number of outpatient physician visits occurring in two years preceding the incident HF hospitalization, was 9.6 (SD 9.0); 19.6% beneficiaries had no observed prior outpatient physician visits. Risk of death within one year of incident HF hospitalization was greater among those with no preceding outpatient physician visits as compared to those with at least one physician visit (adjusted HR=1.81 (95% CI 1.50, 2.18); Figure). Adjustment for the presence of an outpatient visit within 2 weeks following the HF hospitalization attenuated the risk of death (HR=1.56 (1.29, 1.89)). Conclusion: Lack of outpatient care in two years prior to a HF-related hospitalization is associated with increased mortality within one year following hospitalization. Further inquiry is warranted to assess whether the association reflects diversity in causes/manifestations of HF, ambulatory care received in ED settings, or benefits associated with outpatient care.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Floyd M. Feldmann

As a pediatric problem, tuberculosis has undergone striking change in the past decades, yet few diseases have the complicated interrelationship of personal and community significance that is peculiar to tuberculosis. Management of the tuberculous patient has become largely a matter for hospital and specialized outpatient services, and the individual practitioner has been chiefly concerned with case finding in his own practice. Since the tuberculin test is such an important tool in this respect, the editors thought such a review as presented by Dr. Feldmann of particular importance. A number of controversial points are touched on. In any public health procedure a routine screening test has value in relation to the proportion of positives likely to result. A test which results in more than 50% positive is not very helpful. On the other hand, a test with one positive in 1,000 is probably too expensive. Dr. Feldmann points out the cogent reasons for routine tuberculin testing and the pediatrician will need to consider these reasons in the light of the conditions in his community and the relevant local and state health program. Some may be disturbed by the criticism made of the patch test, yet it is important to recognize its limitations. Failure of the patch test to detect all positives has been well known and most pediatricians have thought it useful chiefly as a preliminary test to find the more sensitive reactors.


Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Cutler ◽  
Heidi T May ◽  
T Jared Bunch ◽  
Raymond O McCubrey ◽  
Brian G Crandall ◽  
...  

Background: Class IC antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) are a standard treatment of cardiac arrhythmias but are associated with harm in patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI)). Consensus guidelines have advocated that these drugs not be used in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the risk of Class IC AAD in patients with stable CAD, as demonstrated by an elevated coronary artery calcium (CAC) , but a low-risk cardiac stress test (LRCST), remains unclear. We hypothesized that the risk of future adverse cardiovascular events would not differ according to CAC severity among patients with an LRCST on Class Ic AAD treatment. Methods: We identified 355 patients without CAD and an LRCST (<5% ischemia) on cardiac stress PET before initiation of Class IC AAD. CAC was assessed using quantitative scores when available or qualitative CAC assessment on low-dose attenuation correction CT. Patients were divided into no/low CAC (i.e., quantitative score <100 or qualitative assessment of none/mild) or mod/severe CAC (i.e., quantitative score ≥100 or qualitative assessment of moderate/severe) The composite primary endpoint for this analysis was ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF), cardiac arrest, and all-cause death at one-year follow-up. Results: The majority of patients had no/low CAC (n = 278 [78.3%]) compared to mod/severe CAC (n = 77 [21.7%]). Those with no/low CAC were younger (62 vs 70, p<0.0001) and were more likely to have a higher BMI (33.1 v 30.4, p=0.007) when compared to the mod/severe CAC group. Other cardiovascular risk factors were similar between groups. There was no difference in the one-year primary composite outcome of VT/VF, cardiac arrest, and death between no/low CAC compared to mod/severe CAC (3.6% vs 5.2%, p=0.51). Conclusion: In patients receiving Class IC AAD therapy with an LRCST, an elevated CAC did not increase the risk of future adverse events. These data suggest that using Class IC AAD may be safe in patients with stable CAD (no ischemia/elevated CAC). Future prospective trials are needed to evaluate the safety of Class IC AAD in patients with elevated CAC.


2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Nilsson ◽  
Kerstin Nilsson

An increasing number of older people in the population will bring new challenges for the society and care coordination. One of the most important questions in care coordination is the employees’ work performance. The overall aim of this study was to examine care employees’ experience of factors that rule how they allocate their time and tasks in the care work. The study was qualitative and consists of focus group interviews with 36 employees in elderly care in five Swedish municipalities. Much of the work that care employees perform is controlled by others in the municipality organised health care. The employees had a limited possibility to decide what should be given priority in their work. However, the employees who participated in the focus group interviews did not want to prioritise tasks and duties they felt were faulty or in direct conflict with their own convictions. When employees experienced that the assistance assessments were correct and helpful to the individual elderly patient this contributed to the employees’ priority and performance of the task. The formal and informal control systems caused the employees’ priority to be mainly quantitative and visible work tasks, rather than more qualitative tasks and care giving to the elderly. In the intention to organise good care coordination that fit each elderly patients’ need it is important that those who work closest to the patient to a greater extent are given the opportunity to make their voice heard in decisions of care planning and assistance assessments.


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