Abstract 13393: Liraglutide Improves Myocardial Redox State in Humans by Regulating the Adipose Tissue-Derived Long-Chain Ceramides

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Akawi ◽  
Antonio Checa ◽  
Ioannis Akoumianakis ◽  
Shakil Farid ◽  
Vivek Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Production ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Mammary Arteries ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Long Chain

Introduction: A notable reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality was observed in several cardiovascular studies via treatment with liraglutide, which have been suggested to be mediated through several mechanisms including inhibition of oxidative stress. Hypothesis: We hypothesised that treatment with liraglutide reduces oxidative stress via modulating circulating levels of long-chain ceramides. Methods: We measured vascular superoxide production using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and levels of circulating ceramides using LC-MS/MS in 633 participants of the Oxford Heart Vessels and Fat (OxHVF) cohort. We also measured 33 sphingolipid species (SPL) in plasma from 32 obese individuals (average BMI 33.5±2.5kg/m 2 at inclusion) participating in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) of low calorie diet and liraglutide. Results: We found a significant association between superoxide production by internal mammary arteries (IMA) and circulating levels of long-chain ceramides (C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1) (A-D) . In the RCT, all participants adhered to an 8-week low-calorie diet (800 kcal/day) (E) , during which they lost 9.9±6.0 kg of body weight exhibiting a significant reduction in BMI ( p <0.0001), which was paralleled by significant effects on the circulating levels of SPL (F) . Following this initial phase, the patients were randomised to liraglutide treatment (1.2 mg daily) or no treatment, for a period of 52 weeks. Liraglutide treatment differentially affected several SPL species compared to the control group despite no significant changes in BMI in any of the two groups (G-J) . Conclusions: In this study, we observed for the first time in human a regulatory effect of liraglutide on the circulating levels of long-chain ceramides that are shown to be associated with vascular oxidative stress suggesting a promising mechanistic link that justifies further exploration.

Effects of Auricular Acupressure Combined with Low-Calorie Diet on the Leptin Hormone in Obese and Overweight Iranian Individuals

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Darbandi ◽  
Sara Darbandi ◽  
Majid Ghayor Mobarhan ◽  
Ali Akbar Owji ◽  
Baxiao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Auricular Acupressure ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Background Human leptin is a peptide hormone that is released from white adipocytes. The absence of leptin or its receptor leads to uncontrolled food intake, leading to obesity. In the present work, the effects of auricular acupressure combined with low-calorie diet on the leptin hormone level were investigated. Methods Volunteers (n=86) with body mass indices (BMI) between 25 and 45 kg/m2 were randomised into a case (n=43) or a control (n=43) group. Participants in each group received a low-calorie diet for 6 weeks. The case group was treated with auricular acupressure and the control group received a sham procedure. Plasma leptin levels, body fat mass, body weight and BMI were measured before and after treatment. Results Participants who received auricular acupressure showed significant reductions in their plasma leptin levels (18.57%, p<0.01) as well as in their body fat mass (4%, p<0.05). These changes were not observed in the control group. The reduction in leptin was significantly greater in the acupressure group than the controls. Conclusions Auricular acupressure combined with a low-calorie diet significantly reduced plasma levels of leptin. However, the mechanism of this reduction is not clear.

Consumption of jelly dessert containing porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) glucomannan and inulin along with low-calorie diet contributes to glycemic control of obese adults: a randomized clinical trial

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-162
Author(s):  
N.N. Utami ◽  
L.A. Lestari ◽  
Nurliyani ◽  
E. Harmayani
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet

Obesity is often correlated with insulin resistance and diabetes. Obese people need to consume high fiber, high protein, low fat, and/or low calories food. In this report, the effect of the consumption of jelly containing porang glucomannan and inulin along with a low-calorie diet on the development of insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in obese adults were studied. A total of fifty-five volunteers of both sexes, aged 21 to 35 , were randomized to 3 groups: treatment 2 years, and body mass index (BMI) ≥23 kg/m group, placebo group, and control group (not given any jelly). All participants should consume 1500 kcal daily for the first 4 weeks and 1200 kcal/day for the next 4 weeks, including 2 cups of jelly (120 g per cup) per day. Jelly with porang glucomannan and inulin maintain a normal level of insulin resistance index of individuals with normal FBG and significantly suppress insulin resistance development in individuals with FBG above normal baseline. These results significantly correlate with the intake of fiber. The FBG was maintained under normal conditions in individuals with normal baseline and improved from diabetes to prediabetes category in individuals with above normal baseline.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Steamed Brownies Base on Fermented Black Glutinous Rice on Decreased Waist Circumference in Abdominal Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Roro Nur Fauziyah ◽  
Mimin Aminah ◽  
Osman Syarief ◽  
Holil M Par’i ◽  
Widi Hastuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Calorie Diet

Consumption of fiber and anthocyanins can decrease waist circumference and weight by lowering body fat levels. Steamed brownies base on fermented black glutinous rice is one of the cereals with high antioxidants, bioactive compounds, and fiber. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the effectiveness of steamed brownies based on fermented black glutinous rice on decreased waist circumference in abdominal obesity. The design of this research was experimental using two groups pre and post-test with control experimental design. The population in this research was adult women (35-50 years) in Pasirkaliki Village, North Cimahi Subdistrict, Cimahi City, with 40 samples. The intervention group was given steamed brownies base on fermented black glutinous rice, one puck (30 grams), and low-calorie diet education. The control group was given a low-calorie diet education. Statistical tests with the Wilcoxon Sign Rank test showed that there was a significant difference in waist circumference decreased at the beginning and the end of the research with p-value <0,001. Mann-Whitney test showed that there was an effect in steamed brownies base on fermented black glutinous rice giving to decrease waist circumference with p-value < 0,001. Steamed brownies base on fermented black glutinous rice can be as an alternative food for decreasing waist circumference.

scholarly journals Cognitive function and metabolic features in male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving high-fat and low-calorie diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Shestakova ◽  
Alla V. Stavrovskaya ◽  
Anastasiya S. Gushchina ◽  
Nina G. Yamshikova ◽  
Artyom S. Olshansky
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Calorie Diet

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for cognitive disorders. However, it is still unknown whether low-calorie diet will improve cognitive function in obese patients. Aim: To evaluate cognitive function and metabolic features in male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving high-fat and low-calorie diets. Materials and methods: The work was carried out on Sprague Dawley male rats (n = 32), which were divided into 2 groups with 16 animals in each group: Control (normal / low-calorie diet) and Obesity (high-fat diet). In 90 days the rats of the Control group were transferred to a low-calorie diet, the rats of the Obesity group continued to receive high-fat diet. To assess motor activity and cognitive functions at the end of the study (180 days), following behavioral tests were conducted: "open field", "tapering beam", "elevated plus-maze" (EPM) and "passive avoidance reaction". During the study glucose tolerance test were performed: at baseline (GTT 1) and in 30 days (GTT 2). Results: Obesity group rats gained weight significantly faster than the control animals (547.69 11.32 g against 442.8 19.8 g at study end, p = 0.0001). GTT 2 showed normal carbohydrate metabolism in control group, postprandial hyperglycemia in obesity group. Testing in the open field showed that the rats of the obesity group moved more actively across the installation area than the control ones: the total distance covered was 9.352 0.932 m against 6.781 0.951 m, p = 0.046. The results of a tapering beam test showed that the number of hind limb extrusions in obese rats significantly exceeded this parameter in control group (33.7 3 vs. 15.7 2.7, p = 0.0001), test time in both groups did not differ. When testing in EPM, there was no significant difference in any of the key test parameters between the groups. However, the number of looking out from the closed arms in animals of the obesity group was significantly higher than in the control group (4.19 0.6 vs. 2.30 0.58, p = 0.044). When testing the reproduction of conditional reactions of passive avoidance it was shown that after day 1 of the pain stimulation application the latent period of transition to the dark compartment in the obesity group was significantly higher than that of the control group (180.0 0.0 vs. 128 86 21.45, p = 0.008). This indicates a better preservation of the memorial trail compared to the "control" rats. By the end of the study 30% of animals in the control group died. Conclusions: Rats on high-fat diet were more active, less anxious and showed better results in training tests comparing to animals on low-calorie diet. Adherence to low-calorie diet may be harmful for cognitive functions.

scholarly journals The Effects of Body Acupuncture on Obesity: Anthropometric Parameters, Lipid Profile, and Inflammatory and Immunologic Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Abdi ◽  
Baixiao Zhao ◽  
Mahsa Darbandi ◽  
Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan ◽  
Shima Tavallaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Body Acupuncture ◽  
Hs Crp

A randomized controlled clinical trial in 196 obese subjects was performed to examine the effectiveness of body acupuncture on body weight loss, lipid profile and immunogenic and inflammatory markers. Subjects received authentic (cases) or sham (controls) acupuncture for 6 weeks in combination with a low-calorie diet. In the following 6 weeks, they received the low-calorie diet alone. Subjects were assessed at the beginning, 6 and 12 weeks later. Heat shock protein (Hsps)-27, 60, 65, 70 antibody titers and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were also assessed. A significant reduction in measures of adiposity and improvement in lipid profile were observed in both groups, but the levels of anti-Hsp-antibodies decreased in cases only. A reduction in anthropometric and lipid profile in cases were sustained in the second period, however, only changes in lipid profile were observed in the control group. Anti-Hsp-antibodies and hs-CRP levels continued to be reduced in cases but in controls only the reduction in hs-CRP remained. Changes in anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, and anti-Hsp-antibodies were more evident in cases. Body acupuncture in combination with diet restriction was effective in enhancing weight loss and improving dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Comparison of plasma malondialdehyde and glutathione levels between low calorie high protein diet to standard protein in obese individuals with weight cycling – a randomised trial

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Septian Ika Prasetya ◽  
Joan Jutamulia ◽  
Adventia Natali Paranoan ◽  
Fiastuti Witjaksono ◽  
Ninik Mudjihartini
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Weight Cycling ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Protein ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

Background: Increasing BMI increases the risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Oxidative stress is believed to be the underlying mechanism. A significant proportion of people who have previously succeeded in reducing body weight acquire subsequent weight gain (weight cycling). The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of low calorie diets, either with high or standard protein on plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels in obese people with a history of weight cycling. Methods: A clinical trial was conducted in a worker’s health centre in Jakarta. Participants were assigned to a caloric restriction diet, with two different intervention groups; a high protein/HP group (22-30% of total caloric intake from protein) and a standard protein/SP group (12-20% protein). The diet programme was applied for 8 weeks with daily reminders and weekly counselling. 61 participants were recruited. 54 participants completed the programme but only 15 subjects had their MDA and GSH level measured pre- and post-treatment. Plasma MDA and GSH levels were measured according to Will’s method and Ellman’s method, respectively. Results: The mean changes of MDA levels after completing the diet programme in the HP and SP group were 0.031 + 0.124 and -0.034 + 0.363 nmol/ml plasma, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean changes of GSH levels in the HP and SP group were -0.059 + 0.1673 and -0.034 + 0.363 µg/ml plasma, respectively. No statistical significance were found between the mean difference of plasma MDA and GSH level changes among both groups.  Conclusions: Changes in MDA and GSH levels after high protein or standard protein low-calorie diet intervention for 8 weeks were not significantly different. Protein proportion in the low calorie diet does not affect the change in oxidative stress state for obese individuals with weight cycling. Trial registration number: NCT03374150

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