Famine and Trajectories of Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Blood Pressure in Two Generations: Results From the CHNS From 1993–2015

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Qingling Yang ◽  
Ran An ◽  
Howard D. Sesso ◽  
Victor W. Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Parental Exposure ◽  
Early Life Exposure

Early-life exposures play key roles in the development of metabolic diseases. Whether such effects exist beyond one generation remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the transgenerational association of early-life exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959 to 1962 with the trajectories of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP) in 2 consecutive generations. We included 21 106 F1 observations born between 1954 and 1967 (median age: 45 years) and 1926 F2 observations (median age: 23 years) from the longitudinal household-based China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1993 to 2015. Trajectories of BMI, WC, systolic BP, and diastolic BP were fitted and compared between groups using linear mixed effect models. Early-life exposure to famine was associated with increased BMI, WC, and BP in 2 consecutive generations with sex and age disparities. In F1, famine was associated with increased BMI, WC, systolic BP, and diastolic BP, especially in men or those aged older than 50 years ( P ranged from <0.001 to 0.02). In F2 men but not women, the parental exposure to famine was associated with 0.59 kg/m 2 ([95% CI, 0.10–1.08], P =0.02) increase in BMI. In F2 aged ≥25 years but not those younger ones, the parental exposure to famine was associated with increased BMI (0.83 kg/m 2 [0.14–1.51] , P =0.03), systolic BP (2.04 mm Hg [0.20–3.88], P =0.03), and diastolic BP (1.73 mm Hg [0.28–3.18], P =0.02). The effects of an adverse developmental environment through famine in early life on BMI and BP later in life may persist beyond one generation.

scholarly journals Seventeen-Year Changes in Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Elevated Blood Pressure, and Diabetes Phenotypes in a Cohort of Filipino Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda S. Adair ◽  
Christopher Kuzawa ◽  
Thomas McDade ◽  
Delia B. Carba ◽  
Judith B. Borja
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Nutrition Survey

Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes have risen dramatically in Asia, but few cohort studies track age and secular trends in these conditions. We use Cebu (The Philippines) Longitudinal Health and Nutrition survey data to document 1998 to 2015 prevalence and co-occurrence of body mass index (BMI; >25 kg/m2), high waist circumference (WC; >80 cm), elevated blood pressure (EBP; systolic ⩾130 or diastolic ⩾85 mm Hg), and type 2 diabetes among ~2000 women aged 29 to 62 years in 1998; and identify their relationship to community, household, and individual factors using longitudinal logistic regression. Prevalence (1998-2015) rates were 35% to 49%, BMI >25 kg/m2; 32% to 58% high WC; 21% to 59% EBP; and 2% to 14% diabetes. Only 20% of women had none of these conditions in 2015. Diabetes was strongly driven by age and secular trends in high WC related to higher socioeconomic status and urbanization. Hypertension increased with age in lower socioeconomic status rural and more affluent urban women. Results underscore the continuing need for public health measures to prevent obesity and to identify and treat hypertension and diabetes.

scholarly journals Gestational sleep deprivation is associated with higher offspring body mass index and blood pressure

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margreet W Harskamp-van Ginkel ◽  
Despo Ierodiakonou ◽  
Katerina Margetaki ◽  
Marina Vafeiadi ◽  
Marianna Karachaliou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Study Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between gestational sleep deprivation and childhood adiposity and cardiometabolic profile. Methods Data were used from two population-based birth cohorts (Rhea study and Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study). A total of 3,608 pregnant women and their children were followed up until the age of 11 years. Gestational sleep deprivation was defined as 6 or fewer hours of sleep per day, reported by questionnaire. The primary outcomes included repeated measures of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat, serum lipids, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels in childhood. We performed a pooled analysis with adjusted linear mixed effect and Cox proportional hazards models. We tested for mediation by birthweight, gestational age, and gestational diabetes. Results Gestational sleep deprivation was associated with higher BMI (beta; 95% CI: 0.7; 0.4, 1.0 kg/m2) and waist circumference (beta; 95% CI: 0.9; 0.1, 1.6 cm) in childhood, and increased risk for overweight or obesity (HR; 95% CI: 1.4; 1.1, 2.0). Gestational sleep deprivation was also associated with higher offspring DBP (beta; 95% CI: 1.6; 0.5, 2.7 mmHg). The observed associations were modified by sex (all p-values for interaction &lt; 0.05); and were more pronounced in girls. Gestational diabetes and shorter gestational age partly mediated the seen associations. Conclusions This is the first study showing that gestational sleep deprivation may increase offspring’s adiposity and blood pressure, while exploring possible mechanisms. Attention to glucose metabolism and preterm birth might be extra warranted in mothers with gestational sleep deprivation.

scholarly journals The effects of metformin plus sulfonylurea therapy on clinical features of the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Koprivica ◽  
Teodora Beljic-Zivkovic ◽  
Tatjana Ille
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Combined Therapy

Introduction. Insulin resistance is a well-known leading factor in the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic effects of metformin added to sulfonylurea in unsuccessfully treated type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. A group of thirty subjects, with type 2 diabetes, secondary sulfonylurea failure and metabolic syndrome were administered the combined therapy of sulfonylurea plus metformin for six months. Metformin 2000 mg/d was added to previously used sulfonylurea agent in maximum daily dose. Antihypertensive and hypolipemic therapy was not changed. The following parameters were assessed at the beginning and after six months of therapy: glycemic control, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol and its fractions, homeostatic models for evaluation of insulin resistance and secretion (HOMA R, HOMA B) and C- peptide. Results. Glycemic control was significantly improved after six months of the combined therapy: (fasting 7.89 vs. 10.61 mmol/l. p<0.01; postprandial 11.12 vs. 12.61 mmol/l. p<0.01, p<0.01; glycosylated hemoglobin 6.81 vs. 8.83%. p<0.01). the body mass index and waist circumference were significantly lower (26.7 vs. 27.8 kg/m2, p<0.01 and 99.7 vs. 101.4 cm for men, p<0.01; 87.2 vs. 88.5 for women, p<0.01). Fasting plasma triglycerides decreased from 3.37 to 2.45 mmol/l (p<0.001) and HOMA R from 7.04 to 5.23 (p<0.001). No treatment effects were observed on blood pressure, cholesterol, and residual insulin secretion. Conclusion. Administration of metformin in type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome decreased cardiovascular risk factors by reducing glycemia, triglycerides, BMI, central obesity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Relation Between Preclinical Atherosclerosis and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Thrombophilias – Longitudinal Study

2014 ◽  
pp. S403-S409 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. AUZKÝ ◽  
R. DEMBOVSKÁ ◽  
J. MRÁZKOVÁ ◽  
Š. NOVÁKOVÁ ◽  
L. PAGÁČOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preclinical Atherosclerosis

Preclinical atherosclerosis may represent a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In longitudinal study we followed longitudinally 96 patients (32 men) with thrombophilias with (n=51) and without (n=45) history of VTE. In both groups we studied the changes of preclinical atherosclerosis at peripherally located arteries detected by ultrasound. In addition, we assessed changes in selected risk factors of atherosclerosis. During the mean follow-up of 56.0±7.62 months we did not find significant change in preclinical atherosclerosis defined as Belcaro score in either group (–3 % in the VTE group vs 0 % in non VTE group). Significant increase in body mass index (1.03±1.98 kg*m-2, resp. 1.21±1.67 kg*m-2, p<0.01) and non-significant increase in systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups. Waist circumference increased significantly only in patients without VTE (4.11±7.84 cm, p<0.05). No differences in changes of risk factors under study between both groups were detected. In summary, patients with thrombophilia and history of VTE showed no evidence of greater progression of atherosclerosis or increase in traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis than patients with thrombophilia without history of VTE. Unfavorable changes of body mass index, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups during study period.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CONCURRENT TRAINING ON MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE WOMEN

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Renata Emilia Marques Aguiar ◽  
Cauê Vazquez La Scala Teixeira ◽  
Heverton Paulino ◽  
José Rodrigo Pauli ◽  
Alessandra Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Functional Fitness

Aerobic and resistance exercise have been prescript to prevention and non pharmacological treatment of hypertension. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of concurrent training in hypertensive women. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of concurrent training program on rest blood pressure, biochemical variables (blood glucose and total cholesterol) , anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference) and functional fitness in hypertensive women. Eighteen hypertensive postmenopausal and untrained women (59±12 years old) started in the intervention, but only ten subjects finished. The voluntaries were enrolled in concurrent training, 60 min/day, 3 times a week, during 6 months. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, body mass index, waist circumference and functional fitness (AAPHERD) were measured pre and post experimental period. Data were analyzed using the Student’s t test with significance level set at 5% (P?0.05) and Cohen's Effect Size (ES). The results showed significant improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest. The other variables did not show significantly changes, but the ES was medium and large for several variables (body mass index, blood glucose, total cholesterol, agility, coordination, aerobic fitness, strength endurance and general functional fitness index). In conclusion, this study confirms that 6 month of concurrent training program improved systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive women. In addition, the protocol suggests an improvement in anthropometric, biochemical and functional variables related to health.

Differences in Blood Pressure Level and Hypertension in Three Ethnic Groups of Northeastern India

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Hazarika ◽  
D. Biswas ◽  
K. Narain ◽  
R.K. Phukan ◽  
H.C. Kalita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Tea Garden

A cross sectional study on hypertension was done on 294 subjects aged 30 years and above. 150 households were selected randomly representing 50 households from each locality inhabited exclusively by the rural Mizos, indigenous rural Assamese and the tea-garden workers respectively, in the northeastern region of India. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmo-manorneter in sitting posture. Anthro-pometric measurements were taken using standard procedure for measuring height, weight, waist and hip girth. Information on age, sex, ethnicity, literacy, alcohol intake, smoking pattern, physical activity, occupation, amount of salt consumption was collected using a standard and pre-tested questionnaire. Significant differences were observed in both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels among the three different ethnic groups selected for this study ( p<0.0001). Multiple regression analyses indicated that in Mizos, age, waist circumference and alcohol intake were independently associated with increase in systolic blood pressure whereas smoking was found to be negatively associated with systolic blood pressure ( R2=0.391, p<0.001). Factors, which were the best predictors of diastolic blood pressure, were age and body mass index [(kg/m2) ( R2=0.227, p<0.001)]. In the rural Assamese population, the best predictors of systolic blood pressure were age and waist circumference ( R2=0.263, p=0.018). For the diastolic blood pressure, age, alcohol intake and body mass index were important correlates ( R2 = 0.131, p<0.001). In the tea garden community, important predictors of systolic blood pressure were age, gender and marital status ( R2=0.187, p<0.001). On the other hand, age and alcohol intake were best predictors for diastolic blood pressure ( R2=0.09, p<0.001). Asia Pac J Public Health 2000,-12(2): 71-78

Subgroup analysis of the influence of body mass index on the association between serum lipids and cognitive function in Chinese population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Li ◽  
Yongtong Cao ◽  
Cheng Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Function Score ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cognitive Function Score

Abstract Background: Previous studies reported that the association between lipid levels and cognitive function related with gender, age and specific cognitive domains, but the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this association is limited. This triggered our interest in exploring how serum lipids relate to cognitive function in different subgroups. Methods: Data was collected from 2009 wave and 2015 wave of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Multivariable linear regression analyses examined serum lipids level as predictors of sex- and age-specific measure of cognitive function in different BMI levels, which were adjusted for nationality, BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), smoking status, alcohol consumption and education level. Results: Cognitive function score have different concentration curves in serum lipids quartile levels in different BMI categories. After adjustment for confounding factors, serum TG was positively associated with cognitive function score in underweight (β±SE: 2.06±0.88, P=0.023) and obese (β±SE: 1.44±0.71, P=0.045) male group, and serum HDL-C was positively associated with cognitive function score in overweight (β±SE: 1.89±0.92, P=0.041) and obese (β±SE: 5.04±1.62, P=0.002) female group. Serum TC was negatively associated with cognitive function score in overweight (β±SE: -2.55±1.26, P=0.043) mid-life adults, and serum HDL-C was positively associated with cognitive function score in overweight (β±SE: 2.15±0.94, P=0.022) and obese (β±SE: 5.33±2.07, P=0.011) older adults. Conclusion: The associations of serum lipids with cognitive function were related with BMI levels and differed between gender and age groups. This result indicated that better nutritional status has superior cognitive function performance.

HbA1c AND BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS: RELATION WITH GENDER, BODY MASS INDEX, STUDY FIELD, AND LIFESTYLE IN LEBANESE STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1101-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Younes ◽  
Myriam Atallah ◽  
Raquel Alam ◽  
Nour Hajj Chehade ◽  
Marie-Hélène Gannagé-Yared
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Lebanese Students

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of prediabetes/diabetes in Lebanese university students and to examine the relationship between both hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP) and gender, body mass index (BMI), study field, and lifestyle factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut. A total of 603 students aged 18 to 25 years were recruited from both the medical science campus (MSC) and the social science campus (SSC) between January, 2016, and May, 2018. Waist circumference (WC), BMI, and BP were determined for each student and HbA1c was measured using the Siemens vintage DCA device. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire about their eating habits and level of physical activity. Results: The mean age of the population was 20.31 ± 1.76 years. The percentage of participants recruited from the MSC was 59.2%. The prevalence of prediabetes was 2.5%. Lower BMI, WC, and HbA1c values, and higher diastolic BP (DBP) were found in MSC students compared to SSC ones. HbA1c, systolic BP (SBP), and DBP were correlated with BMI ( P = .02, P<.0001, and P = .017, respectively). HbA1c was not associated with eating habits or physical activity. DBP was inversely associated with physical activity ( P = .002), while SBP was positively associated with fast food consumption ( P = .003). Conclusion: The present study shows a low prevalence of prediabetes in Lebanese students. BMI and the study field are the main factors predicting HbA1c and BP. Further studies are needed to extrapolate our results to the overall young Lebanese population. Abbreviations: ADA = American Diabetes Association; BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; HTN = hypertension; MSC = medical science campus; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SSC = social science campus; T2D = type 2 diabetes; US = United States; USJ = Saint-Joseph University; WC = waist circumference

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