Impact of Antiplatelet Therapy During Endovascular Therapy for Tandem Occlusions

Background and Purpose— Antiplatelet agents could be used in the setting of endovascular therapy for tandem occlusions to reduce the risk of de novo intracranial embolic migration, reocclusion of the extracranial internal carotid artery lesion, or in-stent thrombosis in case of carotid stent placement but have to be balanced with the intracerebral hemorrhagic transformation risk. In this study, we aim to investigate the impact of acute antiplatelet therapy administration on outcomes during endovascular therapy for anterior circulation tandem occlusions. Methods— This is a retrospective analysis of a collaborative pooled analysis of 11 prospective databases from the multicenter observational TITAN registry (Thrombectomy in Tandem Lesions). Patients were divided into groups based on the number of antiplatelet administered during endovascular therapy. The primary outcome was favorable outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2 at 90 days. Results— This study included a total of 369 patients; 145 (39.3%) did not receive any antiplatelet agent and 224 (60.7%) received at least 1 antiplatelet agent during the procedure. Rate of favorable outcome was nonsignificantly higher in patients treated with antiplatelet therapy (58.3%) compared with those treated without antiplatelet (46.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.38 [95% CI, 0.78–2.43]; P =0.26). Rate of 90-day mortality was significantly lower in patients treated with antiplatelet therapy (11.2% versus 18.7%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.22–0.98]; P =0.042), without increasing the risk of any intracerebral hemorrhage. Successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia score 2b-3) rate was significantly better in the antiplatelet therapy group (83.9% versus 71.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.89 [95% CI, 1.01–3.64]; P =0.045). Conclusions— Administration of antiplatelet therapy during endovascular therapy for anterior circulation tandem occlusions was safe and was associated with a lower 90-day mortality. Optimal antiplatelet therapy remains to be assessed, especially when emergent carotid artery stenting is performed. Further randomized controlled trials are needed.

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Safety and Outcome of Carotid Dissection Stenting During the Treatment of Tandem Occlusions

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.120.030038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (12) ◽

pp. 3713-3718 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gaultier Marnat ◽

Bertrand Lapergue ◽

Igor Sibon ◽

Florent Gariel ◽

Romain Bourcier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Endovascular Therapy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Favorable Outcome ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Carotid Dissection ◽

Symptomatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽

Tandem Occlusion

Background and Purpose: The efficacy of endovascular therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to tandem occlusion is comparable to that for isolated intracranial occlusion in the anterior circulation. However, the optimal management of acute cervical internal carotid artery lesions is unknown, especially in the setting of carotid dissection, but emergency carotid artery stenting (CAS) is frequently considered. We investigated the safety and efficacy of emergency CAS for carotid dissection in patients with acute stroke with tandem occlusion in current clinical practice. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained database composed of 2 merged multicenter international observational real-world registries (Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke and Thrombectomy in Tandem Lesion). Data from endovascular therapy performed in the treatment of tandem occlusions related to acute cervical carotid dissection between January 2012 and January 2019 at 24 comprehensive stroke centers were analyzed. Results: The study assessed 136 patients with tandem occlusion due to dissection, including 65 (47.8%) treated with emergency CAS and 71 (52.2%) without. The overall rates of favorable outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2) and successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction, 2b–3) were 58.0% (n=76 [95% CI, 49.6%–66.5%]) and 77.9% (n=106 [95% CI, 71.0%–85.0%]), respectively. In subgroup analyses, the rate of successful reperfusion (89.2% versus 67.6%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.24 [95% CI, 1.33–3.77]) was higher after CAS, whereas the 90-day favorable outcome (54.3% versus 61.4%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.58–1.22]), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH; 10.8% versus 5.6%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.59 [95% CI, 0.79–3.17]), and 90-day mortality (8.0% versus 5.8%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.48–2.09]) did not differ. In sensitivity analyses of patients with successful intracranial reperfusion, CAS was not associated with an improved clinical outcome. Conclusions: Emergency stenting of the dissected cervical carotid artery during endovascular therapy for tandem occlusions seems safe, whatever the quality of the intracranial reperfusion.

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Endovascular Therapy of Anterior Circulation Tandem Occlusions: Pooled Analysis From the TITAN and ETIS Registries

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.120.033032 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Anadani ◽

Gaultier Marnat ◽

Arturo Consoli ◽

Panagiotis Papanagiotou ◽

Raul G. Nogueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽

Endovascular Therapy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Favorable Outcome ◽

Modified Rankin Scale ◽

Stent Group ◽

Anterior Circulation ◽

Tandem Occlusion

Background and Purpose: Endovascular therapy for tandem occlusion strokes of the anterior circulation is an effective and safe treatment. The best treatment approach for the cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) lesion is still unknown. In this study, we aimed to compare the functional and safety outcomes between different treatment approaches for the cervical ICA lesion during endovascular therapy for acute ischemic strokes due to tandem occlusion in current clinical practice. Methods: Individual patients’ data were pooled from the French prospective multicenter observational ETIS (Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke) and the international TITAN (Thrombectomy in Tandem Lesions) registries. TITAN enrolled patients from January 2012 to September 2016, and ETIS from January 2013 to July 2019. Patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation tandem occlusion who were treated with endovascular therapy were included. Patients were divided based on the cervical ICA lesion treatment into stent and no-stent groups. Outcomes were compared between the two treatment groups using propensity score methods. Results: A total of 603 patients were included, of whom 341 were treated with acute cervical ICA stenting. In unadjusted analysis, the stent group had higher rate of favorable outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2; 57% versus 45%) and excellent outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score, 0–1; 40% versus 27%) compared with the no-stent group. In inverse probability of treatment weighting propensity score–adjusted analyses, stent group had higher odds of favorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.01–1.19]; P =0.036) and successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia score, 2b-3; adjusted odds ratio, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.11–1.27]; P <0.001). However, stent group had higher odds of any intracerebral hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio, 1.10 [95%, 1.02–1.19]; P =0.017) but not higher rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage or parenchymal hemorrhage type 2. Subgroup analysis demonstrated heterogeneity according to the lesion type (atherosclerosis versus dissection; P for heterogeneity, 0.01), and the benefit from acute carotid stenting was only observed for patients with atherosclerosis. Conclusions: Patients treated with acute cervical ICA stenting for tandem occlusion strokes had higher odds of 90-day favorable outcome, despite higher odds of intracerebral hemorrhage; however, most of the intracerebral hemorrhages were asymptomatic.

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Good Clinical Outcome Decreases With Number of Retrieval Attempts in Stroke Thrombectomy

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.120.029830 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 482-490

Author(s):

Fabian Flottmann ◽

Caspar Brekenfeld ◽

Gabriel Broocks ◽

Hannes Leischner ◽

Rosalie McDonough ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcome ◽

Cerebral Infarction ◽

Scale Score ◽

Endovascular Therapy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Good Clinical Outcome ◽

Anterior Circulation ◽

Vessel Occlusion

Background and Purpose: Endovascular therapy is the standard of care in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion. Often, more than one retrieval attempt is needed to achieve reperfusion. We aimed to quantify the influence of endovascular therapy on clinical outcome depending on the number of retrievals needed for successful reperfusion in a large multi-center cohort. Methods: For this observational cohort study, 2611 patients from the prospective German Stroke Registry included between June 2015 and April 2018 were analyzed. Patients who received endovascular therapy for acute anterior circulation stroke with known admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, final Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score, and number of retrievals were included. Successful reperfusion was defined as a Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score of 2b or 3. The primary outcome was defined as functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2) at day 90. Multivariate mixed-effects models were used to adjust for cluster effects of the participating centers and confounders. Results: The inclusion criteria were met by 1225 patients. The odds of good clinical outcome decreased with every retrieval attempt required for successful reperfusion: the first retrieval had the highest odds of good clinical outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 6.45 [95% CI, 4.0–10.4]), followed by the second attempt (adjusted odds ratio, 4.56 [95% CI, 2.7–7.7]), and finally the third (adjusted odds ratio, 3.16 [95% CI, 1.8–5.6]). Conclusions: Successful reperfusion within the first 3 retrieval attempts is associated with improved clinical outcome compared with patients without reperfusion. We conclude that at least 3 retrieval attempts should be performed in endovascular therapy of anterior circulation strokes. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03356392.

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Defining an Intraoperative Hypotension Threshold in Association with De Novo Renal Replacement Therapy after Cardiac Surgery

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0000000000003254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 132 (6) ◽

pp. 1447-1457 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Janet M. C. Ngu ◽

Habib Jabagi ◽

Amy M. Chung ◽

Munir Boodhwani ◽

Marc Ruel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Renal Replacement Therapy ◽

Replacement Therapy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

De Novo ◽

Intraoperative Hypotension ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and deadly complication after cardiac surgery. In the absence of effective therapies, a focus on risk factor identification and modification has been the mainstay of management. The authors sought to determine the impact of intraoperative hypotension on de novo postoperative renal replacement therapy in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, hypothesizing that prolonged periods of hypotension during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were associated with an increased risk of renal replacement therapy. Methods Included in this single-center retrospective cohort study were adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery requiring CPB between November 2009 and April 2015. Excluded were patients who were dialysis dependent, underwent thoracic aorta or off-pump procedures, or died before receiving renal replacement therapy. Degrees of hypotension were defined by mean arterial pressure (MAP) as less than 55, 55 to 64, and 65 to 74 mmHg before, during, and after CPB. The primary outcome was de novo renal replacement therapy. Results Of 6,523 patient records, 336 (5.2%) required new postoperative renal replacement therapy. Each 10-min epoch of MAP less than 55 mmHg post-CPB was associated with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.13 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.23; P = 0.002), and each 10-min epoch of MAP between 55 and 64 mmHg post-CPB was associated with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.12 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.18; P = 0.0001) for renal replacement therapy. The authors did not observe an association between hypotension before and during CPB with renal replacement therapy. Conclusions MAP less than 65 mmHg for 10 min or more post-CPB is associated with an increased risk of de novo postoperative renal replacement therapy. The association between intraoperative hypotension and AKI was weaker in comparison to factors such as renal insufficiency, heart failure, obesity, anemia, complex or emergent surgery, and new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation. Nonetheless, post-CPB hypotension is a potentially easier modifiable risk factor that warrants further investigation. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

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Self-Reported Vision Impairment and Frailty among Older People with Low Cognitive Performance in Central Africa: EPIDEMCA Population-Based Study

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000518601 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Antoine Gbessemehlan ◽

Gilles Kehoua ◽

Catherine Helmer ◽

Cécile Delcourt ◽

Achille Tchalla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Central Africa ◽

Population Based ◽

Vision Impairment ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Population Based Study ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Very little is known about the impact of vision impairment (VI) on physical health in late-life in sub-Saharan Africa populations, whereas many older people experience it. We investigated the association between self-reported VI and frailty in Central African older people with low cognitive performance. Methods: It was cross-sectional analysis of data from the Epidemiology of Dementia in Central Africa (EPIDEMCA) population-based study. After screening for cognitive impairment, older people with low cognitive performance were selected. Frailty was assessed using the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index. Participants who met one of the 3 parameters assessed (unintentional weight loss, inability to do 5 chair stands, and low energy level) were considered as pre-frail, and those who met 2 or more parameters were considered as frail. VI was self-reported. Associations were investigated using multinomial logistic regression models. Results: Out of 2,002 older people enrolled in EPIDEMCA, 775 (38.7%) had low cognitive performance on the screening test. Of them, 514 participants (sex ratio: 0.25) had available data on VI and frailty and were included in the analyses. In total, 360 (70%) self-reported VI. Prevalence of frailty was estimated at 64.9% [95% confidence interval: 60.9%–69.1%] and 23.7% [95% CI: 20.1%–27.4%] for pre-frailty. After full adjustment, self-reported VI was associated with frailty (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.3) but not with pre-frailty (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8; 95% CI: 0.9–3.7). Conclusion: In Central African older people with low cognitive performance, those who self-reported VI were more likely to experience frailty. Our findings suggest that greater attention should be devoted to VI among this vulnerable population in order to identify early frailty onset and provide adequate care management.

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Abstract W MP60: Atrial Fibrillation is Associated with Worse Collaterals in Acute Stroke: Angiography in the ENDOSTROKE Registry

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.wmp60 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

David S Liebeskind ◽

Christian H Nolte ◽

Georg Bohner ◽

Tobias Neumann-Haefelin ◽

Erich Hofmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Acute Stroke ◽

Endovascular Therapy ◽

Cardioembolic Stroke ◽

Baseline Risk ◽

Anterior Circulation ◽

Stroke Treatment ◽

Stroke Etiology ◽

The Impact

Background: Risk factors for stroke may alter hemodynamics or invoke ischemic preconditioning, yet the impact of such factors on response to acute stroke treatment and the potential relationship with collateral circulation remains unknown. Methods: Consecutive cases enrolled in the International Multicenter Registry for Mechanical Recanalization Procedures in Acute Stroke (ENDOSTROKE) were analyzed with respect to collateral status on baseline angiography before endovascular therapy. ASITN/SIR collateral grade (0-1/2/3-4) was scored by the core lab, blind to all other data. Collateral grade was analyzed with respect to numerous baseline risk factors, demographics and outcomes after endovascular intervention. Results: 109 patients (median age 69 years (25 th , 75 th percentiles: 56, 77); 51% women; median baseline NIHSS 15 (13, 18)) with complete (TICI 0) anterior circulation occlusions (M1, n=71; ICA, n=28; M2, n=10) at baseline were evaluated based on collateral grade (0-1, n=12; 2, n=41; 3-4, n=56). Worse collaterals were noted in patients with atrial fibrillation (ASITN grades 0-1/2/3-4: 21%/30%/49%) as compared to patients without atrial fibrillation (5%/42%/53%, p=0.024), yet cardioembolic stroke etiology was unrelated. Other baseline features such as age, gender, time to presentation, other co-morbidities and labs were unrelated to collateral grade. Post-procedure reperfusion (TICI 2b-3) was significantly associated with better collaterals (OR 2.58 (1.343-4.957, p=0.004). Similarly, final infarct size was significantly smaller in those with better collaterals. Good clinical outcomes (mRS 0-2 at day 90) were less frequent in those with poorer collaterals (OR 0.403 (0.199-0.813, p=0.011). Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation, but not cardioembolic stroke etiology, is associated with worse collaterals. Hemodynamic implications, such as diminished cardiac output due to atrial fibrillation, may result in less favorable outcomes after endovascular therapy for acute stroke.

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Abstract WMP6: Delayed Device Access to the Occluded Target Vessel Predicts Worse Recanalization Rates and Poor Outcomes in Endovascular Therapy for Acute Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.44.suppl_1.awmp6 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Marc Ribo ◽

Brian Jankowitz ◽

Syed Zaidi ◽

Mouhammad Jumaa ◽

Jennifer Oakley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Stroke ◽

Infarct Volume ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Favorable Outcome ◽

Anterior Circulation ◽

Poor Outcome ◽

Improved Outcomes ◽

Poor Outcomes ◽

Left Hemisphere Stroke ◽

The Impact

During embolectomy for acute stroke, transfemoral access to occluded vessel may be technically difficult. We aim to study the impact of difficult catheter access to target artery. Methods: Single center review of anterior circulation stroke patients enrolled in prospective trials/registries (MR Rescue, MERCI, DEFUSE) requiring recording of time from groin puncture to first device deployment(Tdep). Patients were divided according to Tdep quartiles (Q): patients in Q4 were considered as difficult access. We recorded recanalization (TICI≥2a), complete recanalization (TICI≥2b), infarct volume(24h DWI), day 5 NIHSS, and favorable outcome (3 months mRS≤2). Results: We included 196 patients, mean age 66±14, median NIHSS 16(IQR:12-21). Overall outcomes were: median Tdep 52 min (36-77), recanalization 89.1%, complete recanalization 59.4%, favorable outcome 43.8%. We observed a positive correlation between Tdep and day 5 NIHSS (r=0.27; p=0.01) or 3 months mRS (r=0.26; p<0.01). Patients with difficult access (Q4: Tdep>77 min) had similar baseline NIHSS (16 Vs 17 p=0.58), time from symptom to procedure start (433 Vs 371min; p=0.28) and occlusion location (ICA/M1/M2: 46.7/42.2/11.1% Vs 39.1/54.3/6.5%; p=0.31). However, patients in Q4 had: longer IA procedures (153 vs 112 min;p<0.01), lower complete recanalization (41% Vs 66%;p<0.01), larger infarcts (87 Vs 53cc; p<0.01), higher day 5 NIHSS (15 Vs 9;p<0.01), and less favorable outcome (29.2% Vs 49%; p=0.02). After adjusting by age and time to reperfusion, a regression model identified admission NIHSS (OR% 1.12: 95%CI 1.02-1.21; p<0.01), age (OR% 1.03: 95%CI 1.01-1.06; p=0.01) and Tdep (OR% 1.02 95%CI 1.01-1.03; p=0.01) as independent predictors of poor outcome. In univariate analysis age>69, male gender and left hemisphere stroke were associated with difficult access. The combined presence of the 3 factors increased by 3.5 fold the likelihood of difficult access (OR:3.55 95%CI 1.5-8.6: p<0.01) Conclusion: Delayed device access to target occluded artery independently predicts poor outcome. Identification of difficult access using clinical scores or imaging may lead to alternative strategies; brachial, radial or cervical approaches that could result in shortened procedural times and improved outcomes

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Thrombus Migration and Fragmentation After Intravenous Alteplase Treatment

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.120.029292 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 203-212

Author(s):

Tomoyuki Ohara ◽

Bijoy K. Menon ◽

Fahad S. Al-Ajlan ◽

MacKenzie Horn ◽

Mohamed Najm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Internal Carotid ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Intravenous Alteplase ◽

Over Time

Background and Purpose: There is interest in what happens over time to the thrombus after intravenous alteplase. We study the effect of alteplase on thrombus structure and its impact on clinical outcome in patients with acute stroke. Methods: Intravenous alteplase treated stroke patients with intracranial internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery occlusion identified on baseline computed tomography angiography and with follow-up vascular imaging (computed tomography angiography or first run of angiography before endovascular therapy) were enrolled from INTERRSeCT study (Identifying New Approaches to Optimize Thrombus Characterization for Predicting Early Recanalization and Reperfusion With IV Alteplase and Other Treatments Using Serial CT Angiography). Thrombus movement after intravenous alteplase was classified into complete recanalization, thrombus migration, thrombus fragmentation, and no change. Thrombus migration was diagnosed when occlusion site moved distally and graded according to degrees of thrombus movement (grade 0–3). Thrombus fragmentation was diagnosed when a new distal occlusion in addition to the primary occlusion was identified on follow-up imaging. The association between thrombus movement and clinical outcome was also evaluated. Results: Among 427 patients in this study, thrombus movement was seen in 54% with a median time of 123 minutes from alteplase administration to follow-up imaging, and sub-classified as marked (thrombus migration grade 2–3 + complete recanalization; 27%) and mild to moderate thrombus movement (thrombus fragmentation + thrombus migration grade 0–1; 27%). In patients with proximal M1/internal carotid artery occlusion, marked thrombus movement was associated with a higher rate of good outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale, 0–2) compared with mild to moderate movement (52% versus 27%; adjusted odds ratio, 5.64 [95% CI, 1.72–20.10]). No difference was seen in outcomes between mild to moderate thrombus movement and no change. In M1 distal/M2 occlusion, marked thrombus movement was associated with improved 90-day good outcome compared with no change (70% versus 56%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.54 [95% CI, 1.21–5.51]). Conclusions: Early thrombus movement is common after intravenous alteplase. Marked thrombus migration leads to good clinical outcomes. Thrombus dynamics over time should be further evaluated in clinical trials of acute reperfusion therapy.

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Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/s13054-019-2706-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

François Dépret ◽

Clément Hoffmann ◽

Laura Daoud ◽

Camille Thieffry ◽

Laure Monplaisir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Smoke Inhalation ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The use of hydroxocobalamin has long been advocated for treating suspected cyanide poisoning after smoke inhalation. Intravenous hydroxocobalamin has however been shown to cause oxalate nephropathy in a single-center study. The impact of hydroxocobalamin on the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and survival after smoke inhalation in a multicenter setting remains unexplored. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective study in 21 intensive care units (ICUs) in France. We included patients admitted to an ICU for smoke inhalation between January 2011 and December 2017. We excluded patients discharged at home alive within 24 h of admission. We assessed the risk of AKI (primary endpoint), severe AKI, major adverse kidney (MAKE) events, and survival (secondary endpoints) after administration of hydroxocobalamin using logistic regression models. Results Among 854 patients screened, 739 patients were included. Three hundred six and 386 (55.2%) patients received hydroxocobalamin. Mortality in ICU was 32.9% (n = 243). Two hundred eighty-eight (39%) patients developed AKI, including 186 (25.2%) who developed severe AKI during the first week. Patients who received hydroxocobalamin were more severe and had higher mortality (38.1% vs 27.2%, p = 0.0022). The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of AKI after intravenous hydroxocobalamin was 1.597 (1.055, 2.419) and 1.772 (1.137, 2.762) for severe AKI; intravenous hydroxocobalamin was not associated with survival or MAKE with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.114 (0.691, 1.797) and 0.784 (0.456, 1.349) respectively. Conclusion Hydroxocobalamin was associated with an increased risk of AKI and severe AKI but was not associated with survival after smoke inhalation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03558646

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Impact of simplified therapeutic guidelines on antibiotic prescriptions: a prospective multicentre comparative study

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkz490 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 747-755

Author(s):

Pierre-Marie Roger ◽

Ingrid Peyraud ◽

Michel Vitris ◽

Valérie Romain ◽

Laura Bestman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Antibiotic Consumption ◽

Third Generation ◽

Therapeutic Guidelines ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽

The Impact ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

Abstract Objectives We studied the impact of simplified therapeutic guidelines (STGs) associated with accompanied self-antibiotic reassessment (ASAR) on antibiotic use. Methods Prospective antibiotic audits and feedback took place at 15 hospitals for 12 months, allowing STGs with ≤15 drugs to be devised. STGs were explained to prescribers through sessions referred to as ASAR. Optimal therapy was defined by the conjunction of a diagnosis and the drug specified in the STGs. Analysis of consumption focused on critical drugs: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Results We compared prescriptions in five hospitals before (n = 179) and after (n = 168) the implementation of STGs + ASAR. These tools were associated with optimal therapies and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid prescriptions [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.28, 95% CI 1.82–5.92 and 2.18, 95% CI 1.38–3.44, respectively] and fewer prescriptions for urine colonization [AOR 0.20 (95% CI 0.06–0.61)]. Comparison of prescriptions (n = 1221) from 10 departments of three clinics with STGs + ASAR for the first quarters of 2018 and 2019 revealed that the prescriptions by 23 ASAR participants more often complied with STGs than those by 28 other doctors (71% versus 60%, P = 0.003). STGs alone were adopted by 10 clinics; comparing the prescriptions (n = 311) with the 5 clinics with both tools, we observed fewer unnecessary therapies in the latter [AOR 0.52 (95% CI 0.34–0.80)]. The variation in critical antibiotic consumption between 2017 and 2018 was −16% for the 5 clinics with both tools and +20% for the other 10 (P = 0.020). Conclusions STGs + ASAR promote optimal antibiotic therapy and reduce antibiotic use.

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