Effects of Environmental Factors on Akinete Germination of Anabaena circinalis (Cyanobacteriaceae) Isolated from the North Han River, Korea.

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chae-Hong Park ◽  
◽  
Byung-Jin Lim ◽  
Kyoung-A You ◽  
Myung-Hwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Han River ◽  
The North ◽  
Anabaena Circinalis

MS prevalence in New Zealand, an ethnically and latitudinally diverse country

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1422-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce V Taylor ◽  
John F Pearson ◽  
Glynnis Clarke ◽  
Deborah F Mason ◽  
David A Abernethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria

Background: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not uniform, with a latitudinal gradient of prevalence present in most studies. Understanding the drivers of this gradient may allow a better understanding of the environmental factors involved in MS pathogenesis. Method: The New Zealand national MS prevalence study (NZMSPS) is a cross-sectional study of people with definite MS (DMS) (McDonald criteria 2005) resident in New Zealand on census night, 7 March 2006, utilizing multiple sources of notification. Capture—recapture analysis (CRA) was used to estimate missing cases. Results: Of 2917 people with DMS identified, the crude prevalence was 72.4 per 100,000 population, and 73.1 per 100,000 when age-standardized to the European population. CRA estimated that 96.7% of cases were identified. A latitudinal gradient was seen with MS prevalence increasing three-fold from the North (35°S) to the South (48°S). The gradient was non-uniform; females with relapsing—remitting/secondary-progressive (RRMS/SPMS) disease have a gradient 11 times greater than males with primary-progressive MS ( p < 1 × 10-7). DMS was significantly less common among those of Māori ethnicity. Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of a robust latitudinal gradient of MS prevalence in New Zealand. This gradient is largely driven by European females with the RRMS/SPMS phenotype. These results indicate that the environmental factors that underlie the latitudinal gradient act differentially by gender, ethnicity and MS phenotype. A better understanding of these factors may allow more targeted MS therapies aimed at modifiable environmental triggers at the population level.

Memory impairments and its interaction with environmental factors in children aged 6 to 8 years living in gharb plain (N-w of Morocco)

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 264-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.-Z. Azzaoui ◽  
H. Hami ◽  
A.O.T. Ahami
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
North West ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
The North

IntroductionThe “Gharb” plain (area of our study) localized in the North-West of Morocco is one of the most important agricultural and industrial regions of the Kingdom. Unfortunately, it suffered from the increase of different polluting human activities which expose the population, especially children, to serious neurobehavioral problems.Objective and aimsEvaluation of the short term memory and working memory in urban, periurban and rural schooled children (aged 6 to 8 years) living in Gharb plain and studying the relationship between the performance in this test and the quality of environment.MethodsMemory Sub-test of WISC III (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and questionnaire about some environmental conditions.ResultsThe obtained results had shown that 3,64% periurban children and 3,03% rural children suffer from short memory impairments and no impairments in urban children were registered. For working memory, 21,05%, 47,06% and 66,67% of impairments were found in urban, periurban and rural children respectively.Moreover, a significant correlations between the performances of short term memory and building materials (p < 0.05), source of pollution near the school (p < 0.05), and consumption of well water (p < 0.001) were registered.ConclusionsThe memory impairments recorded in these children appeared in connection with environmental factors, but a deeper investigation is needed for studying all these factors, in addition to others (psychological, socio-economical, and nutritional) ones.

Otolith increments in European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) reveal temperature and density-dependent effects on growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1655-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter van der Sleen ◽  
Christoph Stransky ◽  
John R Morrongiello ◽  
Holger Haslob ◽  
Melita Peharda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Bottom Temperature ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Pleuronectes Platessa ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
The North ◽  
Growth Variation ◽  
The North Sea

Abstract European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) is a commercially important flatfish species in the North Sea. Yet, the environmental factors that affect the growth of plaice remain unresolved. Here we examine the drivers of plaice growth variation by using a large archive of otoliths from female plaice collected in the northeastern part of the North Sea from 1993 to 2015, providing growth data over the period 1985–2014. We developed a series of increasingly complex mixed-effect models to explore intrinsic (within individual) and extrinsic (environmental factors: bottom temperature and plaice density) sources of growth variation. We analysed juvenile (0 and 1 year) and (sub)adult (≥2 years) growth separately due to different habitat utilization across life stages. Juvenile growth was positively correlated with bottom temperature, whereas growth of adults was negatively correlated with bottom temperature. Correlations for both were strongest during autumn (September to October). For juveniles, the temperature–growth relationship likely reflects a response to growing season length while for adults it could reflect temperature-dependent changes to metabolic rate or food availability. For both juveniles and adults, we also found inverse relationship between population density and growth. We suggest that the approach used in this study can find a much wider application in European waters.

Study on Dynamic Changes of Soil Erosion in the North and South Mountains of Lanzhou

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Jinping Lei ◽  
Cungang Xu ◽  
Yuxin Yin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Bare Land ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
North And South

Abstract This study takes the north and south mountains of Lanzhou as the study area, calculates the soil erosion modulus of the north and south mountains of Lanzhou based on the five major soil erosion factors in the RUSLE model and analyzes the temporal and spatial dynamic changes of soil erosion and the characteristics of soil erosion under different environmental factors. The results show that the soil erosion intensity of the north and south mountains of Lanzhou is mainly micro erosion in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018. They are distributed in the northwest and southeast of the north and south mountains. Under different environmental factors, the soil erosion modulus first increased and then decreased with the increase of altitude; the soil erosion modulus increased with the increase of slope; the average soil erosion modulus of grassland and woodland was larger, and the average soil erosion modulus of water area was the smallest; except for bare land, the average soil erosion modulus decreased with the increase of vegetation coverage. The soil erosion modulus in the greening range is lower than that outside the greening scope, mainly the result of the joint influence of precipitation, soil and vegetation.

scholarly journals Constraining Supermassive Black Hole Binary Dynamics Using Pulsar Timing Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (A29B) ◽  
pp. 336-343
Author(s):  
J. A. Ellis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Orbital Eccentricity ◽  
Radio Pulsars ◽  
Merging Galaxies ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
The North ◽  
Timing Data ◽  
Turn Over

AbstractThe most likely sources of nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs) are supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the center of merging galaxies. A stochastic superposition of GWs from these sources is expected to produce a stochastic GW background that will leave a unique signature in the correlations of arrival times of pulses from a collection of radio pulsars. Using the 9-year data release from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) collaboration, we perform the first analysis that places constraints on the amplitude and shape of the stochastic GW background. We find that the data favor a turn over in the GW strain spectrum for current models of SMBH merger rates. This result indicates that environmental factors, other than GWs from circular binaries, are influencing the GW spectrum. Furthermore, we map constraints on the spectral shape to constraints on various environmental factors that drive the binary to the GW-driven regime including the stellar mass density for stellar-scattering, mass accretion rate for circumbinary disk interaction, and orbital eccentricity for eccentric binaries.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Putative 2-Methylisoborneol-Producing Pseudanabaena yagii Strain GIHE-NHR1, Isolated from the North Han River in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Yong Jeong ◽  
Sang-Hoon Lee ◽  
Mi-Ra Yun ◽  
Seung-Eun Oh ◽  
Tae-Hwa Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Comparative Genome Analysis ◽  
Han River ◽  
The North ◽  
Genome Information

ABSTRACT The draft genome sequence of Pseudanabaena yagii GIHE-NHR1, a filamentous cyanobacterium, is reported here. Comparative genome analysis suggests that this strain can produce an odor-causing compound (2-methylisoborneol) in water. The genome information is expected to improve the understanding of the putative 2-methylisoborneol production by the bacterium.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Water Circulation Structure in the Paldang Reservoir, South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6822
Author(s):  
Hwangjeong Choi ◽  
Ingu Ryu ◽  
Minji Park ◽  
Yongsik Song ◽  
Soonju Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
The South ◽  
Han River ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Instantaneous Discharge ◽  
Layer Flow

In this study, results are presented for depth-specific hydraulic and water quality surveys, as well as meteorological observations, at key monitoring sites in the Paldang Reservoir, South Korea. These results were used to determine the water circulation characteristics that represent the main contributors to water quality changes. In the section before the confluence point of the two rivers, a different type of two-layer flow appeared for each. In the North Han River, backwater flowing backward in the upstream direction occurred in the surface layer, and was accompanied by two-layer flow, during the zero-discharge period of the Cheongpyeong Dam. On the other hand, in the South Han River, two-layer flow was observed in the upper layer in the downstream flow, and the thickness of upper and lower layers varied depending on the discharge rate of the Paldang Dam. Strong flow fluctuations were observed near the Paldang Dam (3 km upstream), and these were dependent on its instantaneous discharge rate. In particular, if the instantaneous discharge from the Paldang Dam remained below 400 m3/s for several days, the flow velocity in the lower layer decreased below 2 cm/s or no flow occurred. The comparison between flows during different periods associated with depth-specific water temperature variations showed that the average flow prevailed across all layers in the downstream direction at all monitoring sites during the vertical mixing period. In contrast, spatiotemporal variations in flow, such as two-layer flow and backwater, were observed during the stratification period in the South Han River and the North Han River. This led to increased residence times and vertical stability, thus creating favorable conditions for algal blooms.

Testing mechanistic explanations of observed correlations between environmental factors and marine fisheries

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-219
Author(s):  
A E Gargett ◽  
M Li ◽  
R Brown
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Marine Fisheries ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Mechanistic Explanations ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Based on observed correlations, marine fisheries are often hypothesized to depend on environmental factors. Since correlations are unreliable as a predictive tool, it is desirable to seek mechanistic explanations for observed correlations. This paper considers methods available for testing such mechanistic explanations. As a specific example, we consider the optimal stability window, proposed as a mechanistic explanation of observed correlations between the survival of North Pacific salmon stocks and the state of the atmosphere over the North Pacific in winter, as applied to the coastal waters and fisheries of southern British Columbia, Canada.

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