Impact of a Low-Cost Postsecondary Enrollment Intervention: Evidence from Louisiana

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Swarup Joshi ◽  
Stephen Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
External Application ◽  
Postsecondary Enrollment ◽  
College Application ◽  
Whole School

While it is well understood that postsecondary education increases lifetime earnings, the complexity of the college application process creates a barrier to postsecondary enrollment. This paper investigates a whole-school external application assistance program run by a nonprofit student support services organization, Career Compass of Louisiana. We employ panel data of Louisiana high schools in a difference-in-differences framework and find that exposure to Career Compass increases postsecondary enrollment by 3.9 percentage points. Moreover, the effect of exposure is larger in school districts with a majority of black students as well as districts with a majority of low-income students. By providing services to all schools within a district the program is able to achieve low costs relative to similar programs, and effects that are in line with many more expensive programs suggest that scaling this model to new areas could provide a cost-effective approach to increasing postsecondary enrollment among high school graduates.

Prefab Materials for Self Build Housing System in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
Wan Srihani Wan Mohamed ◽  
Yahaya Ahmad ◽  
Nik Fazlysham Nik Mat ◽  
Aznida Azlan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Housing Provision ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Self Help ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Low Cost Housing

Prefabricated system has been used extensively in many developed and developing countries to provide low cost housing. There are many case studies that took the advantage of prefabricated system as part of self help approach in house construction. Prefabricated system in self help housing proved to be cost effective, provide employment opportunities, utilise low skill levels and maximise local natural resources. Malaysia is also promoting prefabricated system to be used in low cost housing provision. There are obstacles to implement such technology into the conventional construction industry. This paper investigates the possibility of adapting local resources, such as timber, into prefabricated components as a mean to promote not only modular coordination concept but also promote self build approach in the community at a lower skill labour. It is not an immediate solution to housing issues yet it provides alternatives to house the low income group and contribute to increase the supply of housing.

Perceptions and Barriers to SNAP Utilization Among Asian and Pacific Islanders in Greater Los Angeles

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 779-790
Author(s):  
Naomi T. Louie ◽  
Loan Pham Kim ◽  
Scott E. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Local Community ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Security Module

Purpose: To examine the perceptions of and barriers to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) immigrants. Design: Qualitative focus groups were conducted in 4 API communities. Setting and Participants: Participants were recruited from 4 API communities (n = 68; 22 Tongan, 18 Vietnamese, 16 Filipino, and 12 Chinese) through local community-based organizations in Los Angeles and Orange Counties. Method: Trained bilingual and bicultural researchers conducted 8 focus groups in English, Chinese, and Vietnamese. Prior to the start of each focus group, participants completed a demographic questionnaire which included a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Security Module. Analysis: Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and those in the native languages were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts in native languages were reviewed and translated into English. All transcripts were organized in ATLAS ti version 8.0 and analyzed using thematic analysis. The USDA Food Security Module results were scored and assessed for food insecurity. Results: Median age of participants was 58 years and 59.4% (n = 38) were food insecure. Barriers to SNAP participation were identified and organized within the Social Ecological Model by the following themes: (1) unclear program information, (2) application process, (3) shame, and (4) pride. Despite commonalities found across API subgroups, unique challenges with public charge and immigration existed within the subgroups. Conclusion: Culturally relevant in-language SNAP materials and multilevel interventions are needed to mitigate barriers and increase SNAP participation rates among low-income API groups.

scholarly journals Manual Borehole Drilling as a Cost-Effective Solution for Drinking Water Access in Low-Income Contexts

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1981
Author(s):  
Pedro Martínez-Santos ◽  
Miguel Martín-Loeches ◽  
Silvia Díaz-Alcaide ◽  
Kerstin Danert
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unconsolidated Sediments ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Water access remains a challenge in rural areas of low-income countries. Manual drilling technologies have the potential to enhance water access by providing a low cost drinking water alternative for communities in low and middle income countries. This paper provides an overview of the main successes and challenges experienced by manual boreholes in the last two decades. A review of the existing methods is provided, discussing their advantages and disadvantages and comparing their potential against alternatives such as excavated wells and mechanized boreholes. Manual boreholes are found to be a competitive solution in relatively soft rocks, such as unconsolidated sediments and weathered materials, as well as and in hydrogeological settings characterized by moderately shallow water tables. Ensuring professional workmanship, the development of regulatory frameworks, protection against groundwater pollution and standards for quality assurance rank among the main challenges for the future.

The Sequential College Application Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Smith
Keyword(s):  
Graduation Rates ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Students ◽  
Application Process ◽  
College Application ◽  
High Achieving ◽  
Sequential Nature ◽  
Exact Timing ◽  
College Characteristics

To demonstrate the sequential nature of the college application process, in this paper I analyze the evolution of applications among high-achieving low-income students through data on the exact timing of SAT score sends. I describe at what point students send scores to colleges and which score sends ultimately become applications, resulting in three main points. First, score sends are not synonymous with applications—rather, only 62 percent of score sends in this sample turn into applications. Second, the conversion from score send to application is nonrandom as it relates to college characteristics: Score sends are more likely to convert into applications when they are to colleges with lower tuition, higher graduation rates, and relatively near a student's home. Third, the timing of score sends is related to the probability of its becoming an application, whereby score sends sent relatively early are least likely to become applications. These facts imply that there is room for improvement when modeling the application process and, in addition, the timing of an intervention or policy may be critical to its success.

A Little Can Go a Long Way: The Impact of Advertising Services on Program Take-Up

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Gurantz
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Private Funding ◽  
Postsecondary Enrollment ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Marginal Students ◽  
The Impact

The success of policy interventions is frequently stymied by the inability to induce take-up in target populations. In this article, I show that local advertising in combination with small financial lotteries increases the likelihood that low-income students apply for and receive state aid. I isolate causal impacts by estimating the change in completed aid applications in high schools where the advertising program was canceled due to the expiration of private funding compared with high schools that never participated in the advertising program. Using this differences-in-differences framework, I find that state aid applications declined by approximately 3% to 4% (or roughly four to six applications per high school). Furthermore, postsecondary enrollment in 4-year public colleges declined by about one-half to one percentage point in impacted high schools. These results suggest that small incentives may be a cost-effective means of promoting program take-up for marginal students.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of integrated student support: An evaluation of an elementary school intervention on postsecondary enrollment and completion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Pollack ◽  
Jordan L. Lawson ◽  
Anastasia E. Raczek ◽  
Eric Dearing ◽  
Mary E. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Student Support ◽  
School Intervention ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Postsecondary Enrollment ◽  
Postsecondary Outcomes

This study examines the effect of an Integrated Student Support (ISS) intervention on postsecondary enrollment and completion for predominantly low-income students of color. We use propensity score weighting to estimate the effect of receiving ISS during elementary school on postsecondary outcomes for 2009-2017 high school graduates from a high-poverty urban district. Students who received ISS have higher probabilities of enrolling in and completing postsecondary education, and higher probabilities of enrolling in and graduating from four-year (versus two-year) institutions, than the comparison group. Together, results suggest ISS as an effective intervention to reduce barriers to postsecondary education and, thereby, to potentially reduce income- and race-based disparities in postsecondary outcomes.

scholarly journals Correlation and Wear-Time Compliance of the Wrist-Worn SQORD Activity Monitor Compared to the Actigraph 3TGX in Measuring Free-Living Physical Activity in Low SES Elementary Youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-40
Author(s):  
Kelsey McAlister ◽  
Koren Fisher ◽  
Kathleen Wilson ◽  
Risto Marttinen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
After School ◽  
Wear Time ◽  
Actigraph Accelerometer ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
After School Program ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative

Background and Purpose: Activity trackers have grown increasingly popular, yet research grade accelerometers, like Actigraph, are still very expensive and must be worn on the waist. This study correlated the low-cost wrist-worn SQORD band to the Actigraph accelerometer to assess physical activity (PA) in youth from a low-income area. Methods: Forty-one participants (22:19 male:female; mean age= 10.7 years) in an after-school program participated. Participants wore a waist-worn Actigraph accelerometer and a wrist-worn SQORD for seven days. Abdominal, upper and lower body strength and endurance, and aerobic capacity were assessed through FITNESSGRAM tests. Bivariate correlations were used to analyze the relationship between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) via the Actigraph and SQORD and to examine relationships between physical fitness and MVPA. Results: At 8- and 10-hour wear-time, compliance with wearing the devices was higher with the SQORD than the Actigraph. A correlation was found between MVPA via SQORD and Actigraph (r=0.651). Neither the SQORD or Actigraph was associated with any fitness measures (r = -0.061; – 0.817). Conclusion: The SQORD appears to be successful in tracking MVPA in youth and was worn more than the Actigraph. Wrist-worn, consumer-grade devices may be a cost-effective alternative to traditional accelerometers for physical education programs and research in low-income populations.

scholarly journals The Light Houses of Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1650-1656
Author(s):  
Er. Tajamul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Housing Cost ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Housing Materials ◽  
Low Cost Housing

Abstract: Home is a basic necessity for everyone and becomes one the critical challenges faced by the developing countries. India is currently facing a shortage of about 17.6 million houses and the situation is no different in Kashmir if not more prominent owing to the geographical and climatic conditions of the valley. Presently in Kashmir, We witness that the Middle income groups, low income groups and economically weaker sections of the society, which are growing in size, are struggling to have their own houses. Concrete and steel housing cost a fortune so low cost and sustainable buildings are much needed in Kashmir. Low Cost Housing’ refers to those housing units which are affordable by that section of society where income is below MHI (Median Housing Income). It includes the use of construction methods that are cost effective, innovative and environment friendly and allow for a speedy construction. The paper deals with the present and the future trends about low cost housing materials and technologies in Kashmir. These technologies & materials, if implemented, can reduce the present housing problems up to some extent. Keywords: AAC, GFRG, filler slabs, SPW, CEB

scholarly journals Cost Effective Construction for Low Income Earners with MRTB and MFS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
S S.R.Swathi ◽  
G Varuna Lakshmi ◽  
D Muthu ◽  
C Venkatasubramanian ◽  
M Nagavalli
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Cost Efficient

India is a developing country having 14% (Pew Research Centre) population of low income group. The desire to own a house especially for low income and middle class families has become a virtual reality. Hence it is required to go in for an innovative, eco-friendly and cost efficient technology for raising of houses enabling the ordinary persons to build houses at owing to their financial status. The materials and techniques which are adopted have to be durable, economical and accepted by users. This study of low cost housing focuses mostly on personal satisfaction levels and the need of quality, particularly with regard to the place of abode. Hence, to provide the basic needs to the low income earners, this economical housing concept with minimum financial statement/investment has been suggested. The reduced construction cost through suitable management plans is obtained by appropriate use of locally available materials, labour and technology without compromising on the strength and life of the structure. In this study, it has been found that about 12% of total bricks and 22% of materials can be saved by using Modified Rat Trap Bond for walls and Modified Filler Slab for roofs respectively, which may be applied practically for government low cost dwellings.  

scholarly journals Sera Çevre Koşullarının Nesnelerin İnterneti Tabanlı İzleme ve Analiz Sistemi ile Denetlenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Çaylı ◽  
Adil Akyüz ◽  
Abdullah Nafi Baytorun ◽  
Sedat Boyacı ◽  
Sait Üstün ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis

Wireless sensor networks applications and inter-machine communication (M2M), called the Internet of Things, help decision-makers to control complex systems thanks to the low data-rate and cost-effective data collection and analysis. These technologies offer new possibilities to monitor environmental management and agricultural policies, and to improve agricultural production, especially in low-income rural areas. In this study, IoT is proposed with a low cost, flexible and scalable data collection and analysis system. For this purpose, open source hardware microprocessor cards and sensors are stored in the greenhouse computer database using the IEEE 802.15.4 Zigbee wireless communication protocol. The data can be analyzed by greenhouse computer analysis software, which is developed with the PHP programming language. It is possible to monitor the real time data from the greenhouse computer. Also alert rules definitions can be made and the system was tested in greenhouse conditions. It has been observed that it performs operations steadily such as data transfer, sensor measurements and data processing. The proposed system may be useful for monitoring indoor climate and controlling ventilation, irrigation and heating systems, especially for small enterprises due to the modular structure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document