Racializing a New Nation: German Coloniality and Anthropology in Maharashtra, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
Thiago P. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Nation Building ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Human Difference ◽  
New Nation

Abstract This paper deals with the transnationalism of racial anthropological frameworks and its role in the understanding of human difference during India’s decolonization and nation-building. With attention to the circulation of objects, I focus on the practices and articulations of Irawati Karve (1905–1970), an Indian anthropologist with a transnational scientific trajectory and nationalistic political engagements. I argue that Karve’s adaptation of an internationally validated German racial approach to study caste, ethnic and religious groups contributed to the further racialization of these categories as well as to the racialization of nationalistic projects in Maharashtra and India. I conclude with a reflection on the transnationalization of the coloniality of racialization.

scholarly journals Empowering Indigenous Community through Community Radio: A Case Study from Nepal

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhamshu Dahal ◽  
I. Aram
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Community Radio ◽  
Discursive Space ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Media Ethnography ◽  
New Nation

The recently won People’s Democracy ( Loktantra ) in Nepal has transpired a contested yet ever demanding platform furthering rights and identity movements. The availability of alternative voices through community radios is a space to emancipate the identity movement towards indigenous empowerment and asserting their respectful and equitable entry in to “ New Nepal .” Within the theoretical framework of identity and democracy this research is based on the study of community radios as “ case study organizations .” We have used media ethnography and media text analysis including the observation to both corroborate and contradict with the participants’ understandings and expressions in the research. We find that indigenous communities can reflect their agenda of identity re - establishment towards empowerment through the active participation in the production of media contents. Active participation of indigenous communities in local radio production not only mandates acknowledgement of ethnic identity in the new nation building but also give an opportunity of lesson learning on the potentiality of using community radios as one of the tools for empowerment. In this context, reestablishment of identity through community radio deserves appreciation because it facilitates the creation of discursive space which will ultimately help to establish pluralist democracy by creating different public spheres.

scholarly journals Pauline Imperatives (Eph. 4:31-32): Necessities for the Enhancement of Christian Faith and National Integration.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Ikechukwu Ezeogamba
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Will Emit ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
African Traditional Religion

Eph. 4:31-32 urges believers to, "Put away all bitterness and wrath and anger and wrangling and slander, together with all malice, and be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ has forgiven us." The above is strongly worded. A cursory look at the Nigerian nation reveals that Nigeria as a nation is sectionalized along ethnic, religious as well as gender line. Apart from the three main dominant ethnic groups in Nigeria, there are still very many ethnic groups that are not even recognized and they feel marginalized and out of the equation. There is unwritten and unexpressed anger that exists among all the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria; each claiming to have been marginalized by others. Again, there are three main religious groups in Nigeria namely, Islam, Christianity and African Traditional Religion. Among these three dominant groups, there is deep-rooted antagonism. Hence, each of these religious groups is internally divided. There are so many sects in Islam and in most cases they are at each other's throat. In the same way, there are several denominations or sects in Christianity and each of the sets claim to be with the authentic doctrine to the neglect and detriment of others. African Traditional Religion on her part is localized in each region and each region claims that theirs is more authentic and more godly than of others. The worst hatred is between the so-called infidels and Muslim believers. Any nation that has the above qualities, has unknowingly taken underdevelopment, and godlessness as her second name. This paper sets out to prove that if there is mutual love among all the ethnic groups in Nigeria, among religious groups both ad extra and within, then godliness will prevail everywhere and Nigeria as a nation will be better for it. This paper argues that a proper understanding and appreciation of Eph. 4:31-32 by Christians and none Christians alike will emit so many green lights that could promote nation building and oneness. Significantly, this paper will be of immense benefit to all men and women of good will both in Nigeria and outside Nigeria.

Race, the Law, and Religion in America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Graziano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religion And Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Difference ◽  
Material Power

The history of race, religion, and law in the United States is a story about who gets to be human and the relevance of human difference to political and material power. Each side in this argument marshaled a variety of scientific, theological, and intellectual arguments supporting its position. Consequently, we should not accept a simple binary in which religion either supports or obstructs processes of racialization in American history. Race and religion, rather, are co-constitutive. They have been defined and measured together since Europeans’ arrival in the western hemisphere. A focus on legal history is one way to track these developments. One of the primary contradictions in the relationship between religion and race in the U.S. legal system has been that, despite the promise of individual religious free exercise enshrined in the Constitution, dominant strands of American culture have long identified certain racial and religious groups as a threat to the security of the nation. The expansion of rights to minority groups has been, and remains, contested in American culture. “Race,” as Americans came to think about it, was encoded in laws, adjudicated in courts, enforced through government action, and conditioned everyday life. Ideas of race were closely related to religious and cultural assumptions about human nature and human origins. Much of the history of the United States, and the western hemisphere of which it is part, is linked to changing ideas about—even the emergence of—a terminology of “race,” “religion,” and related concepts.

What Happened Next

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Gardner
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Early Republic ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
First Century ◽  
Early American ◽  
Antebellum Period ◽  
New Nation ◽  
Political Foundations

This concluding chapter examines the shifts from the early American magazine into the “golden age” of the nineteenth-century American magazine. If the tumultuous birth of the nation was the most tremendous force shaping the first generations of the early republic, by the antebellum period, and especially after the Crash of 1837, the dramatically changing urban landscape was the engine transforming everyday life for millions of Americans—including the ways in which magazines were published and read. It is thus not surprising that the magazine imagined by this country's first century of editors as offering a model for the literary and political foundations of the new nation increasingly became reimagined after 1810 as a refuge from the realities of nation-building. Alongside this history, the chapter also takes a brief look into the advent of the new media “magazine” taking shape as of this publication.

Revolution and Religion

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Xiaoxuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Local Religion ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
Peasant Society ◽  
Social Uncertainty ◽  
The Catholic Church

Under nation-building efforts in the first half of the twentieth century, communal temples became targets of political and military appropriation, which shook the foundations of traditional communal religion in Rui’an and Wenzhou. Yet local religion continued to thrive. Protestant churches, the Catholic Church, traditional salvationist groups, and redemptive societies all grew rapidly, perhaps due in large part to the greater social uncertainty brought about by political turbulence and wars. Since its foundation in the region in the late 1920s, communist forces stayed close to local peasant society, including their religious communities. Before 1949, they both clashed and collaborated with religious groups, depending on the circumstances.

“Stormy Wind Fulfilling His Word”

Tornado God ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 68-100
Author(s):  
Peter J. Thuesen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Gilded Age ◽  
Mississippi Valley ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
New Nation ◽  
Divine Wrath ◽  
The City

Chapter 3 traces the appearance of the first truly disastrous tornadoes as the new nation pushed westward into the Mississippi Valley during the nineteenth century. These calamities fueled an apocalyptic mentality among people of various religious groups, who regarded such events as the Great Natchez Tornado of 1840 as a sign of End Time tribulations. Later in the century, however, the emerging field of meteorology contributed to a Gilded Age cult of progress that presupposed a benevolent God and assumed that tornadoes could be explained and maybe even contained. Even a disaster as enormous as the St. Louis Tornado of 1896, which destroyed much of the city, was not enough to shake the optimism of some clergy and theologians, who thought that as the scientific mysteries of tornadoes were dispelled, fears of divine wrath in the storm would cease.

scholarly journals ‘‘We have resisted, now we must build’’: Regionalism and nation-building in Timor-Leste

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Elfie Shiosaki
Keyword(s):  
Nation Building ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Peacekeeping Forces ◽  
New Nation ◽  
International Peacekeeping

During Timor-Leste's political and security crisis in 2006, a seemingly latent regional division re-emerged between Timorese from its eastern region, lorosa'e, and those from its western region, loromonu. The conflict between lorosa'e and loromonu revealed critical weaknesses in nation-building. Only four years after independence in 2002, international peacekeeping forces, led by Australia, were redeployed to the new nation-state. This article argues that the enduring political significance of regionalism weakens nation-building in Timor-Leste. This case study revitalises traditional security paradigms by relocating identity-building from the periphery of nation-building to its centre. Identity-building supports the formation of a unifying national political community which transcends social divisions within post-conflict societies.

Liberation or purification? Prostitution, women’s movement and nation building in South Korea under US military occupation, 1945–1948

Sexualities ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1053-1070
Author(s):  
Jeong-Mi Park
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Military Occupation ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Prostitution Policy ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Nation

This article investigates postcolonial South Korea’s prostitution policy as a focal point of sexual politics in the undertaking of nation building under US military occupation (1945–1948). It clarifies that the discourse on prostitution served as a forum for competing visions of a new nation: socialism versus nationalism, and women’s liberation versus national purification. It analyzes the paradoxical process by which the women’s campaign to abolish one colonial legacy of prostitution (‘Authorization-Regulation’) eventually resulted in retaining another legacy (‘Toleration-Regulation’) in a new guise. It conceptualizes the postcolonial prostitution policy that combined regulation and prohibition as a ‘Toleration-Regulation Regime,’ arguing that it was a compromise between the US military government and South Korean elites. Finally, this article demonstrates that building the nation was also a process of making female subalterns, prostitutes.

scholarly journals “New Nation-Building” or What?: Serbian and Kosovan laws on expatriates

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Mr.Sc. Matvey Lomonosov
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Political ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
National Community ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Nation

Special legal provisions on preferential treatment of expatriates introduced during last decade by the kin-states are oftentimes construed by the scholars as visible sings and effective tools of new, post-territorial nation-building in Eastern Europe. However, the analysis of Serbian and Kosovan laws on citizenship and diaspora shows that the picture is more complex, whereas the situation varies across countries of the region. Despite the rising concerns with the issues of the co-ethnics since late 2000 the Serbian government for some years has been reluctant to introduce the exclusive preferential treatment for the Serbs in the realm of citizenship. Only the law passed in 2009 overtly showed that the executives and legislators of the Republic of Serbia now are on the way of creating post-territorial Serb national community. Contrariwise the political establishment of Kosovo equally pushing forward special laws on “diaspora” in 2008 and 2011 was rather concerned with forming and reasserting of as well as tightening its grip over post-territorial citizenry because of notable social and economic problems. In contrast to Easter European status laws, trans-border “ethnic relatives” of the Kosovan majority are effectively excluded by the documents from the membership in the “diaspora,” while the representatives of ethnic minorities from the territory of the country legally qualify for being Kosovo diasporans.

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